职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 620-624.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2013—2024年黄冈市食品化学污染物及有害因素监测分析

王红亮, 王芬, 王赤华(), 刘雪芹, 郑懿   

  1. 黄冈市疾病预防控制中心,湖北 黄冈 438000
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-28 修回日期:2025-06-16 出版日期:2026-03-01 发布日期:2026-03-10
  • 通信作者: 王赤华,E-mail:1091905608@qq.com
  • 作者简介:王红亮,男,副主任技师,主要从事食品安全及理化检验工作。
  • 基金资助:
    湖北省公共卫生青年拔尖人才项目(鄂卫通2021-40号)

Monitoring and analysis of chemical pollutants and harmful factors in food in Huanggang City from 2013 to 2024

WANG Hongliang, WANG Fen, WANG Chihua(), LIU Xueqin, ZHENG Yi   

  1. Huanggang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Huanggang,Hubei 438000,China
  • Received:2025-05-28 Revised:2025-06-16 Online:2026-03-01 Published:2026-03-10
  • Contact: WANG Chihua,E-mail:1091905608@qq.com
  • About author:WANG Chihua,E-mail:1091905608@qq.com

摘要:

目的 了解2013—2024年黄冈市食品化学污染物及有害因素污染情况,识别主要受污染食品及污染因素,为黄冈市食品安全监管提供数据支撑。方法 2013—2024年,依据湖北省及黄冈市历年食品安全风险监测方案,于黄冈市1区2市7县4个采样环节采用随机抽样法采集市售食品5 066份,检测抽检样品10类221项指标。结果 5 066份食品14 661项次监测指标中,食品化学污染物总体检出率为61.9%,超标率为5.1%;各指标总体检出率为35.6%,超标率为0.7%。不同年份检出率为35.0%~78.4%,不同年份年超标率为0.3%~13.6%;不同年份样品、监测指标的检出率及超标率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。主要受污染食品为芦蒿(51份)、油条(48份)、香菇(29份),其中芦蒿中镉每年超标率均达到50%及以上。主要污染因素为食品添加剂(172项次)、重金属(77项次),重金属超标率较高(8.2%)。不同采样环节、季节、地区、包装形式的监测食品检出率、超标率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 2013—2024年黄冈市市售食品总体状况良好,合格率较高,但部分食品污染物长期超标,有关部门应重点监管芦蒿、油条等食品,保障居民食品安全。

关键词: 食品安全, 化学污染物, 有害因素

Abstract:

Objective To understand the pollution situation of chemical pollutants and harmful factors in food in Huanggang City from 2013 to 2024,identify the main contaminated food and pollution factors,and provide data support for food safety supervision in Huanggang City. Methods From 2013 to 2024,according to the food safety risk monitoring plan of Hubei Province and Huanggang City in the past years,5 066 samples of food were collected by random sampling method at 4 sampling stages in 1 district,2 cities and 7 counties of Huanggang City,221 indexes of 10 categories of sampled samples were detected. Results Among 14 661 monitoring indicators of 5 066 food samples,the overall detection rate of chemical pollutants in food was 61.9%,and the over-standard rate was 5.1%. The overall detection rate of each index was 35.6%,and the over-standard rate was 0.7%. The detection rate ranged from 35.0% to 78.4% in different years,and the over-standard rate ranged from 0.3% to 13.6% in different years. The detection rate and the over-standard rate of samples and monitoring indicators in different years were compared,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01). The main contaminated foods were artemisia(51 parts),youtiao(48 parts) and shiitake mushrooms(29 parts),of which the annual over-standard rate of cadmium in artemisia reached 50% or more. The main pollution factors were food additives(172 items) and heavy metals(77 items),with a high over-standard rate of heavy metals(8.2%). There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate and over-standard rate of monitored food in different sampling links,seasons,regions,and packaging forms(all P<0.05). Conclusion The overall condition of food sold in Huanggang City from 2013 to 2024 was good,with a high qualification rate,but some food pollutants exceeded the standard for a long time. Relevant departments should focus on the supervision of artemesia and youtiao to ensure the food safety of residents.

Key words: Food safety, Chemical pollutants, Harmful factors

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