职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 806-811.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

PM2.5对深圳市南山区居民流感发病的影响

黎宗男1,2, 张岚3, 杨佩2, 袁建辉1,2,3()   

  1. 1 广东医科大学广东 东莞 523000
    2 深圳市南山区疾病预防控制中心(深圳市南山区卫生监督所)广东 深圳 518054
    3 南方医科大学广东 广州 510515
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-06 修回日期:2025-07-12 出版日期:2026-03-15 发布日期:2026-04-03
  • 通信作者: 袁建辉
  • 作者简介:袁建辉,E-mail:jianhui_yuan@126.com
    黎宗男,男,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为环境与职业健康。
  • 基金资助:
    深圳市南山区高层次医学团队引进项目(SZSM202103008)

Impact of PM2.5 on incidence of influenza among residents in Nanshan District of Shenzhen City

LI Zongnan1,2, ZHANG Lan3, YANG Pei2, YUAN Jianhui1,2,3()   

  1. 1 Guangdong Medical UniversityDongguanGuangdong 523000, China
    2 Shenzhen Nanshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Shenzhen Nanshan District Health Supervision Institute)ShenzhenGuangdong 518054, China
    3 Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515, China
  • Received:2025-06-06 Revised:2025-07-12 Online:2026-03-15 Published:2026-04-03
  • Contact: YUAN Jianhui

摘要:

目的 了解细颗粒物(fine particulate matter,PM2.5)对深圳市南山区居民流感发病的影响,以期为预防流感暴发提供数据支撑。 方法 收集2019—2023年大气污染物、气象监测数据和流感监测数据,采用广义相加模型(generalized additive model,GAM),拟合单污染物模型和双污染物模型分析PM2.5对深圳市南山区居民流感发病的影响。 结果 PM2.5在累积滞后0~2日(lag02)时,对居民流感发病影响最显著,PM2.5浓度每升高10 μg/m3,居民流感发病风险增加1.53%(95%CI:1.008~1.022)。男性和女性人群中,相对危险度(relative risk,RR)分别为1.014(95%CI:1.007~1.022,P<0.05)和1.017(95%CI:1.010~1.024,P<0.05)。年龄分层中,PM2.5对0~<5岁年龄段影响最大,其RR值为1.017(95%CI:1.011~1.024,P<0.05)。季节分层中,气温下降时PM2.5对流感发病影响最为显著,其RR值为1.029(95%CI:1.023~1.034,P<0.05)。 结论 PM2.5的短期暴露会影响深圳市南山区居民流感的发病率,0~<5岁人群为流感易感人群,冷季为高发季节。

关键词: 广义相加模型, 细颗料物, 流感, 相对危险度

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the influence of fine particulate matter(PM2.5) on the incidence of influenza among residents in Nanshan District of Shenzhen City,and provide data support for preventing influenza outbreaks. Methods The air pollutants,meteorological monitoring data and influenza monitoring data from 2019 to 2023 were collected. The generalized additive model (GAM) was used to fit single pollutant model and double pollutant model to analyze the influence of PM2.5 on the incidence of influenza among residents in Nanshan District of Shenzhen City. Results PM2.5 had the most significant effect on the incidence of influenza in residents with a cumulative lag of 0-2 days(lag02). Every increase of PM2.5 concentration of 10 μg/m3 increased the risk of influenza incidence by 1.53%(95%CI:1.008-1.022). In men and women,the relative risk(RR) was 1.014(95%CI:1.007-1.022,P<0.05) and 1.017(95%CI:1.010-1.024,P<0.05),respectively. In age stratification,PM2.5 had the greatest effect on 0-<5 years old,with an RR value of 1.017(95%CI:1.011-1.024,P<0.05). In the seasonal stratification,PM2.5 had the most significant effect on the incidence of influenza when the temperature drops,and its RR value was 1.029(95%CI:1.023-1.034,P<0.05). Conclusion The short-term exposure of PM2.5 affects the incidence of influenza among residents in Nanshan District of Shenzhen City,the susceptible population is children aged 0-<5 years old,and the cold season is the high incidence season.

Key words: Generalized additive model, Fine particulate matter, Influenza, Relative risk

中图分类号: