职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 865-870.

• 论著 •    下一篇

广东省低浓度电焊烟尘暴露对工人心律失常的影响及相关因素分析

潘炜仪1,2, 谢燊2,3, 陆彩霞1,2, 张王剑4, 黄永顺1,2()   

  1. 1 南方医科大学公共卫生学院广东 广州 510515
    2 广东省职业病防治院广东 广州 510300
    3 暨南大学公共卫生与预防医学系广东 广州 510632
    4 中山大学公共卫生学院广东 广州 510080
  • 收稿日期:2026-02-06 修回日期:2026-02-09 出版日期:2026-04-01 发布日期:2026-05-14
  • 通信作者: 黄永顺,E-mail:gdpcc2006@126.com
  • 作者简介:潘炜仪,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为公共卫生。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省职业病防治院领军人才项目(Z2024-03)

Impact of low-level welding fume exposure on arrhythmia among workers in Guangdong Province and analysis of related factors

PAN Weiyi1,2, XIE Shen2,3, LU Caixia1,2, ZHANG Wangjian4, HUANG Yongshun1,2()   

  1. 1 School of Public HealthSouthern Medical University,GuangzhouGuangdong 510515, China
    2 Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and TreatmentGuangzhouGuangdong 510300, China
    3 Department of Public Health and Preventive MedicineJinan University,GuangzhouGuangdong 510632, China
    4 School of Public HealthSun Yat-sen University,GuangzhouGuangdong 510080, China
  • Received:2026-02-06 Revised:2026-02-09 Online:2026-04-01 Published:2026-05-14

摘要:

目的 评估低浓度电焊烟尘暴露与工人心律失常的关联,并了解其与其他职业因素的交互作用,为制定更精准的职业健康防护标准、降低从业人员心血管疾病风险提供理论依据。方法 对2023年广东省623名工人的重点职业监测数据进行横断面研究,采用混合效应模型调整混杂因素,并进行分层和交互作用分析识别易感人群。结果 低浓度电焊烟尘暴露与心律失常风险之间显著相关,电焊烟尘暴露水平每升高1个四分位数间距(interquartile range,IQR),工人患心律失常的风险增加74.2%(OR=1.742,95%CI:1.292~2.348)。分层因素中,工龄>2.58~5.00年与电焊烟尘暴露的交互作用差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),男性(OR=1.867,95%CI:1.348~2.587)、年龄18~41岁(OR=1.799,95%CI:1.180~2.743)、工龄0.33~2.58年(OR=3.229,95%CI:1.596~6.533)、家庭年收入0~<10万元(OR=1.938,95%CI:1.357~2.767)、工作于内资企业(OR=1.767, 95%CI:1.263~2.472)、存在职业噪声暴露(OR=1.775,95%CI:1.307~ 2.411)的群体更容易受到电焊烟尘暴露对心律失常的不良影响(均P<0.05)。结论 在实际的职业健康监护中,需加强对低浓度电焊烟尘暴露重点人群的定期专项检查,从而实现早期干预,降低电焊工人群体的心血管疾病发生风险。

关键词: 电焊烟尘, 心律失常, 混合效应, 职业卫生, 分层分析, 交互作用分析

Abstract:

Objective To assess the association between low-level welding fume exposure and arrhythmia in workers,and analyze its interaction with other occupational factors,in order to provide a theoretical basis for formulating more precise occupational health protection standards and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases in employees. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using key occupational monitoring data from 623 workers in Guangdong Province in 2023. Mixed-effects models were used to adjust for confounding factors,and stratified and interaction analyses were performed to identify susceptible populations. Results There was a significant correlation between low-level welding fume exposure and the risk of arrhythmia. For each interquartile range(IQR) increased in welding fume exposure,the risk of arrhythmia increased by 74.2%(OR=1.742,95%CI:1.292-2.348). Among the stratification factors,there was a statistically significant difference in the interaction between work duration (>2.58-5.00 years) and exposure to welding fumes(P<0.05),males(OR=1.867,95%CI:1.348-2.587),workers aged 18-41 years(OR=1.799,95%CI:1.180-2.743),those with 0.33-2.58 years of work experience(OR=3.229,95%CI:1.596-6.533),individuals with an annual household income 0-<100 000 yuan(OR=1.938,95%CI:1.357-2.767),employees of domestic-funded enterprises(OR=1.767,95%CI:1.263-2.472),and those exposed to occupational noise(OR=1.775,95%CI:1.307-2.411) were more susceptible to the adverse effects of welding fume exposure on arrhythmia(all P<0.05). Conclusion In practical occupational health monitoring,it is necessary to strengthen regular special examinations for key populations exposed to low-level welding fumes,in order to achieve early intervention and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease of welding workers.

Key words: Welding fume, Arrhythmia, Mixed-effects, Occupational health, Stratified analysis, Interaction analysis

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