职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 871-875.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2006—2024年楚雄州职业病新发病例分布特征及原因分析

武红娟, 胡黎明, 肖朝香, 涂润丹, 白光平()   

  1. 楚雄彝族自治州疾病预防控制中心云南 楚雄 675000
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-21 修回日期:2025-07-25 出版日期:2026-04-01 发布日期:2026-05-14
  • 通信作者: 白光平,E-mail:2293415214@qq.com
  • 作者简介:武红娟,女,主管医师,主要从事职业病防治和职业人群健康教育相关工作。

Analysis on distribution characteristics and cause of newly diagnosed occupational diseases in Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture from 2006 to 2024

WU Hongjuan, HU Liming, XIAO Chaoxiang, TU Rundan, BAI Guangping()   

  1. Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture Center for Disease Control and PreventionChuxiongYunnan 675000, China
  • Received:2025-07-21 Revised:2025-07-25 Online:2026-04-01 Published:2026-05-14

摘要:

目的 分析楚雄州新发职业病病例分布特征,为职业病防治工作提供参考依据。方法 收集2006—2024年楚雄州新发职业病网络报告的数据资料,对其病种、人群、时间、地区、行业、企业规模及经济类型分布情况进行分析。结果 2006—2024年楚雄州共报告新发职业病6类11种1 394例,职业性尘肺病占总病例数的94.33%,居首位;职业性化学中毒占总病例数的5.24%,排第2位。男性病例占99.14%,诊断年龄MP25P75)为46(41,51)岁,接害工龄MP25P75)为10.29(5.58,18.42)年,诊断年龄主要分布在40~<50岁,接害工龄5~<15年最多。2006—2014年职业病新发病例呈波动上升趋势,2014年达高峰,此后呈现波动下降趋势;尘肺病病例变化趋势与全病种一致。病例主要分布在大姚县、禄丰市和楚雄市。病例主要集中在私营中小型采矿业。结论 职业性尘肺病是楚雄州最主要的职业病病种,病例分布有明显的地域、企业规模和行业聚集性。应采取针对性措施预防尘肺病发生,做好对患者的救治工作,提高其生存质量。

关键词: 楚雄州, 职业病, 新发病例, 尘肺病, 分布特征, 原因分析

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of newly diagnosed occupational disease cases in Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture from 2006 to 2024,and provide scientific basis for occupational disease prevention and treatment work. Methods The data of newly diagnosed occupational diseases network reports in Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture from 2006 to 2024 were collected,and statistical analysis was conducted on the distribution of disease types,populations,time periods,regions,industries,enterprise scales,and economic types. Results From 2006 to 2024,a total of 1 394 new cases of 11 kinds of occupational diseases in 6 categories were reported in Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture,with occupational pneumoconiosis accounting for 94.33% of the total cases,ranking first,while occupational chemical intoxication accounted for 5.24% of the total cases,ranking second. Male cases accounted for 99.14%,the average age[MP25P75)] of diagnosis was 46(41,51)years old,the occupational hazards factors exposure age[MP25P75)] was 10.29(5.58,18.42)years,the age of diagnosis was mainly distributed 40-<50 years old,and the occupational hazards factors exposure age was mainly 5-<15 years. From 2006 to 2014,the number of new cases showed a fluctuating upward trend,reaching a peak in 2014,followed by a fluctuating downward trend thereafter. The variation trend of pneumoconiosis cases was consistent with that of all occupational disease cases. The top three regions were Dayao County,Lufeng City and Chuxiong City. The cases were mainly concentrated in small and medium-sized private mining enterprises. Conclusion The occupational pneumoconiosis is the main disease of occupational disease in Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture,the occupational disease exhibits significant regional distribution,enterprise scale,and industry clustering characteristics. It's nessessary to take target measures to prevente the occurrence of new pneumoconiosis cases,ensure the treatment and rehabilitation of existing patients,and improve their quality of their life.

Key words: Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Occupational diseases, New cases, Pneumoconiosis, Distribution characteristics, Cause analysis

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