职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 1109-1116.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

手术室护士工作-家庭支持和工作繁荣的潜在剖面分析

李茹1, 马文涓2, 徐月曙1, 李丽2,3()   

  1. 1 新疆医科大学护理学院新疆 乌鲁木齐 830000
    2 新疆医科大学第一附属医院中心手术室新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    3 新疆区域人群疾病与健康照护研究中心新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-24 修回日期:2025-11-07 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-05-18
  • 通信作者: 李丽,E-mail:lili6699@163.com
  • 作者简介:李茹,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为手术室护理。
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区“天山英才”医药卫生高层次人才培养计划项目(TSYC202401A075)

Latent profile analysis of work-family support and thriving at work among operating room nurses

LI Ru1, MA Wenjuan2, XU Yueshu1, LI Li2,3()   

  1. 1 School of NursingXinjiang Medical University,UrumqiXinjiang 830000, China
    2 Central Operating RoomThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,UrumqiXinjiang 830011, China
    3 Health Care Research Center for Xinjiang Regional PopulationUrumqiXinjiang 830011, China
  • Received:2025-10-24 Revised:2025-11-07 Online:2026-04-15 Published:2026-05-18
  • Contact: LI Li,E-mail:lili6699@163.com

摘要:

目的 了解手术室护士工作-家庭支持和工作繁荣的潜在类别,分析不同类别手术室护士的特征差异及影响因素。方法 2024年10—12月,采取分层整群抽样法,以新疆维吾尔自治区地域划分为分层因素,将新疆分为南疆和北疆2个地域,随机选取南、北疆各2所,共4所三级甲等医院489名手术室护士为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、正念注意觉知量表、工作-家庭支持量表、教练型领导感知量表、职业召唤量表和工作繁荣量表进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 489名手术室护士正念注意觉知量表总得分为(67.38±13.04)分,工作-家庭支持总得分为(116.61±21.70)分,教练型领导感知量表总得分为(79.70±18.98)分,职业召唤量表总得分为(48.62±8.81)分,工作繁荣得分为(54.85±9.18)分。基于手术室护士工作-家庭支持和工作繁荣得分识别出3个潜在类别,分别为工作家庭支持匮乏-低繁荣组108人(22.09%)、工作支持代偿、家庭支持缺位-中繁荣组117人(23.92%)和工作家庭支持赋能-高繁荣组264人(53.99%)。以工作家庭支持匮乏-低繁荣组为参照,平均每日工作时长为8~<11 h(OR=4.627,P<0.05)、正念(OR=1.040,P<0.05)、教练型领导感知(OR=1.056,P<0.01)和职业召唤水平(OR=1.081,P<0.05)均是工作支持代偿、家庭支持缺位-中繁荣组的预测因素;平均每日工作时长为8~<11 h(OR=8.449,P<0.05)、正念(OR=1.143,P<0.01)、教练型领导感知(OR=1.218,P<0.01)和职业召唤(OR=1.213,P<0.01)均是工作家庭支持赋能-高繁荣组的预测因素;而平均月收入为0~<0.6万元(OR=0.475,P<0.01)是工作家庭支持匮乏-低繁荣组的预测因素。以工作支持代偿、家庭支持缺位-中繁荣组为参照,正念(OR=1.099,P<0.01)、教练型领导感知(OR=1.153,P<0.01)和职业召唤(OR=1.122,P<0.05)均是工作家庭支持赋能-高繁荣组的预测因素。结论 489名手术室护士工作-家庭支持和工作繁荣潜在类别呈显著异质性,管理者应依据不同类别护士的影响因素,实施针对性支持干预,以优化工作-家庭支持状态、提升工作繁荣水平。

关键词: 手术室护士, 工作-家庭支持, 工作繁荣, 潜在剖面分析, 教练型领导, 职业召唤

Abstract:

Objective To understand the latent categories of work-family support and work flourishing among operating room nurses,and analyze the characteristic differences and influencing factors among operating room nurses in different categories. Methods From October to December 2024,a stratified cluster sampling method was employed. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was divided into two geographical strata-Southern Xinjiang and Northern Xinjiang-based on regional boundaries. Two grade-A tertiary hospitals were randomly selected from each region,a total of 489 operating room nurses from 4 grade-A tertiary hospitals were surveyed using questionnaires covering general information,the mindfulness awareness scale,the work-family support scale,the perceived coaching leadership scale,the career calling scale,and the work flourishing scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The total mindfulness awareness score for operating room nurses was (67.38±13.04)points,the total work-family support score was (116.61±21.70)points,the total coaching leadership perception score was (79.70±18.98)points,the total career calling score was (48.62±8.81)points,and the work flourishing score was (54.85±9.18)points. Based on operating room nurses' work-family support and work flourishing scores,three latent categories were identified:the work-family support deficit-low flourishing group(108 individuals,22.09%),the work support compensation,family support deficit-moderate flourishing group(117 individuals,23.92%),and the work-family support empowerment-high flourishing group(264 individuals,53.99%). Taking the work-family support-deficient/low-flourishing group as a reference,average daily work duration of 8-<11 hours(OR=4.627,P<0.05),mindfulness(OR=1.040,P<0.05),perceived coaching leadership(OR=1.056,P<0.01),and career calling level(OR=1.081,P<0.05) were all predictors for the moderate well-being group(work support compensation,family support deficit),and average daily work duration of 8-<11 hours(OR=8.449,P<0.05),mindfulness(OR=1.143,P<0.01),perceived coaching leadership(OR=1.218,P<0.01),and career calling(OR=1.213,P<0.01) were all predictors for the work-family support-empowered-high-prosperity group,while average monthly income of 0-<6 000 yuan(OR=0.475,P<0.01) was a predictor for the work-family support-deprived-low-prosperity group. Taking the work support compensation,family support deprivation-moderate well-being group as the reference,mindfulness (OR=1.099,P<0.01),perceived coaching leadership(OR=1.153,P<0.01),and career calling(OR=1.122,P<0.05) were all predictive factors for the work-family support enabling-high well-being group. Conclusion Significant heterogeneity exists among potential categories of work-family support and work flourishing among operating room nurses. Managers should implement targeted support interventions based on the influencing factors of different categories to optimize work-family support status and enhance work flourishing levels.

Key words: Operating room nurses, Work-family support, Thriving at work, Latent profile analysis, Coaching leadership, Career calling

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