乌鲁木齐市某区老年人肥胖流行现状及影响因素分析

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (19): 2622-2628.

乌鲁木齐市某区老年人肥胖流行现状及影响因素分析

田原¹, 赵娥², 孙高峰², 李超³, 王英杰¹

1.新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐 830054;
2.乌鲁木齐市疾病预防控制中心（乌鲁木齐卫生监督所）,新疆乌鲁木齐 830026;
3.新疆生产建设兵团医院中医科,新疆乌鲁木齐 830002

收稿日期:2025-03-07 修回日期:2025-03-20 出版日期:2025-10-01 发布日期:2025-12-13
通信作者: 孙高峰,主任医师,E-mail：sgfxj2004@126.com
作者简介:田原,男,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为流行病与卫生统计学。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划课题（2017YFC0907203）; 国家自然科学基金项目（U1803124）; 乌鲁木齐市疾控中心科研项目（SJK2021003）; 新疆维吾尔自治区“天山英才”医药卫生高层次人才培养计划（TSYC202301B073）

Analysis on prevalence and influencing factors of obesity among the elderly in a district of Urumqi

TIAN Yuan¹, ZHAO E², SUN Gaofeng², LI Chao³, WANG Yingjie¹

1. School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830054,China;
2. Urumqi Center for Disease Control and Prevention（Urumqi Institute for Health Supervision）,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830026,China;
3. Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,China

Received:2025-03-07 Revised:2025-03-20 Online:2025-10-01 Published:2025-12-13
Contact: SUN Gaofeng,Chief physician,E-mail：sgfxj2004@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解乌鲁木齐市≥65岁老年人不同体质量指数（body mass index,BMI）与中心性肥胖流行特征及影响因素,并对影响因素进行分析,为预防老年人超重肥胖提供依据。方法 2023年6月—2024年6月采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法在乌鲁木齐市某区1所医院及两所卫生服务中心中抽取4 158名≥65岁居民,开展问卷调查以及对不同BMI的老年人进行检测,收集中心性肥胖情况、人口学特征、患病情况、生活方式等数据,分析老年人超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖发生的影响因素。结果经过对4 158名老年人的数据统计分析,超重人数为1 738人,占总调查人数的41.8%;肥胖人数为842人,占总调查人数的20.3%。患有中心性肥胖的人数2 387人,占57.4%。性别、年龄、高血压、血糖异常、血脂异常是超重的影响因素,其中女性超重风险低于男性（OR<1）,75~<85、≥85岁老年人超重发生风险低于65~<75岁老年人（OR<1）,高血压、血糖和血脂异常老年人超重的风险高于血压、血脂和血糖正常的老年人（OR>1）。性别、高血压、锻炼频率、血糖异常、血脂异常均是老年人肥胖和中心性肥胖的影响因素。其中女性肥胖和中心性肥胖发生风险高于男性（OR>1）,高血压、血糖和血脂异常老年人肥胖和中心性肥胖的风险高于血压、血脂和血糖正常的老年人（OR>1）,每周锻炼1次及以上老年人肥胖和中心性肥胖发生风险低于不锻炼的老年人（OR<1）。结论乌鲁木齐市某区≥65岁老年人的超重、肥胖和中心性肥胖情况严重,应特别关注女性、高血压、血糖异常、血脂异常的人群并注意适当锻炼。卫生医疗机构应加大宣传力度,老年人需要在日常生活中对不良的生活方式引起注意并干预,以促进健康老龄化。

关键词: 老年人, 肥胖, 流行现状, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics and influencing factors of different body mass index（BMI） and central obesity among the elderly aged 65 and above in Urumqi,and to analyze the influencing factors,in order to provide a basis for preventing overweight and obesity in the elderly. Methods From June 2023 to June 2024,a stratified multi-stage random sampling method was used to collect 4 158 residents aged 65 and above from a hospital and two health service centers in a district of Urumqi. Questionnaires were carried out and elderly people with different BMI were detected to collect the central obesity status,demographic characteristics,disease status,and lifestyle,etc. The factors influencing the occurrence of overweight,obesity and central obesity in the elderly were analyzed. Results Through the statistical analysis of 4 158 elderly people,the number of overweight people was 1 738,accounting for 41.7% of the total number. The number of obese people was 842,accounting for 20.3% of the total number. The number of people suffering from central obesity was 2 387,accounting for 57.4%. Gender,age,hypertension,abnormal blood glucose and dyslipidemia were the influencing factors of overweight,the risk of overweight in women was lower than that in men（OR<1）,the risk of overweight in adults aged 75-<85 and ≥85 years were lower than that in adults aged 65-<75 years（OR<1）,and the risk of overweight in those with hypertension,blood glucose and dyslipidemia was higher than that in those with normal blood pressure,blood lipid and blood glucose（OR>1）. Gender,high blood pressure,exercise frequency,abnormal blood glucose and dyslipidemia were the influencing factors of obesity and central obesity in the elderly. Among them,the risk of obesity and central obesity in women was higher than that in men（OR>1）,the risk of obesity and central obesity in the elderly with hypertension,blood glucose and dyslipidemia was higher than that in the elderly with normal blood pressure,blood lipid and blood glucose（OR>1）,the risk of obesity and central obesity in the elderly who exercised once a week or more was lower than that in the elderly who did not exercise（OR<1）. Conclusion The overweight,obesity and central obesity of the elderly in a district of Urumqi are serious. Special attention should be paid to women,those with hypertension,abnormal blood glucose,and dyslipidemia levels,and appropriate exercise should be taken. Health and medical institutions should increase their publicity efforts,and elderly people need to pay attention to and intervene in unhealthy lifestyles in their daily lives to promote healthy aging.

Key words: The elderly, Obesity, Epidemic status, Influencing factor

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺7

田原, 赵娥, 孙高峰, 李超, 王英杰. 乌鲁木齐市某区老年人肥胖流行现状及影响因素分析. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(19): 2622-2628.

TIAN Yuan, ZHAO E, SUN Gaofeng, LI Chao, WANG Yingjie. Analysis on prevalence and influencing factors of obesity among the elderly in a district of Urumqi. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(19): 2622-2628.

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