泉州市三级甲等医院乳腺外科不同护龄护士职业倦怠水平调查及对策

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (22): 3051-3055.

泉州市三级甲等医院乳腺外科不同护龄护士职业倦怠水平调查及对策

兰方琛^1a, 李文辉², 王小玲^1a, 陈惠兰^1a, 鄢海霞^1b

1.联勤保障部队第九一Ο医院 a 甲乳外科, b 普外科,福建泉州 362000;
2.厦门大学附属翔安医院健康管理中心,福建厦门 361100

收稿日期:2025-04-23 修回日期:2025-05-12 发布日期:2025-12-15
通信作者: 鄢海霞,主管护师,E-mail：421423501@qq.com
作者简介:兰方琛,女,主管护师,主要从事甲状腺乳腺相关工作。
基金资助:
厦门市医疗卫生指导性项目（3502Z20244ZD1168）

Investigation and job burnout and its countermeasures in nurses with different nursing age in breast surgery of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Quanzhou City

LAN Fangchen^1a, LI Wenhui², WANG Xiaoling^1a, CHEN Huilan^1a, YAN Haixia^1b

1. a Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery,b General Surgery,910th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force,Quanzhou,Fujian 362000,China;
2. Health Management Center,Xiang'an Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University,Xiamen,Fujian 361100,China

Received:2025-04-23 Revised:2025-05-12 Published:2025-12-15
Contact: YAN Haixia,Chief nurse,E-mail：421423501@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探究泉州市三级甲等医院乳腺外科不同护龄护士的职业倦怠水平,分析职业倦怠的影响因素,并据此制定具有针对性的干预策略。方法 2021年1月—2024年10月采用整群抽样法,选取泉州市三级甲等医院乳腺外科的护士（100例）作为研究对象,按照护龄的不同将其分为低护龄组（<5年,n=30）、中护龄组（5~10年,n=40）和高护龄组（>10年,n=30）,收集其一般资料,运用职业倦怠量表对3组护士情感耗竭、去人格化和低个人成就感3个维度的职业倦怠水平进行分析,采用单因素分析和多元线性回归分析不同人口学特征的职业倦怠水平。结果高护龄组的情感耗竭评分为（4.01±0.81）分、去人格化评分为（4.34±0.37）分,均低于中护龄组的情感耗竭评分[（4.43±0.66）分]、去人格化评分[（4.62±0.52）分],以及低护龄组的情感耗竭评分[（4.97±0.72）分]、去人格化评分[（5.01±0.41）分];高护龄组的低个人成就感评分为（4.89±0.64）分,均高于中护龄组[（4.54±0.53）分]与低护龄组[（4.18±0.67）分]（均P<0.05）。单因素分析显示,不同护龄护士在性别、学历、工作性质、隶属关系及婚姻状况比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）;随着护龄的增加,年龄及职称越低,白夜倒班越频繁,其职业倦怠水平越高（P<0.05）。多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、职称及工作性质是不同护龄护士产生职业倦怠的危险因素（P<0.05）。结论泉州市三级甲等医院乳腺外科不同护龄护士的职业倦怠水平存在差异,且受多种因素影响。护龄、年龄、职称及白夜倒班与职业倦怠各维度密切相关。在乳腺外科护理管理中应充分考虑这些因素,针对不同护龄、职称及工作排班特点的护士制定个性化的干预措施,以改善护理人员心理状态。

关键词: 乳腺外科, 护龄, 职业倦怠, 对策

Abstract: Objective To explore job burnout level of nurses with different nursing age in breast surgery of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Quanzhou City,analyze influencing factors of job burnout and formulate targeted intervention strategies accordingly. Method From January 2021 to October 2024,a cluster sampling method was used to select 100 nurses from the breast surgery department of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Quanzhou City as the research subjects. They were divided into low nursing age group (<5 years,n=30),middle nursing age group(5-10 years,n=40) and high nursing age group(>10 years,n=30) according to their nursing age.The general data of nurses were collected.The job burnout level(emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,low personal accomplishment) was analyzed by Maslach burnout inventory. The job burnout in nurses with different demographic characteristics was analyzed by univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Results The scores of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization in high nursing age group were (4.01±0.81) and (4.34±0.37)points,lower than those in middle nursing age group[(4.43±0.66) and (4.62±0.52)points] and low nursing age group[(4.97±0.72) and (5.01±0.41)points]. The low personal achievement score of the high nursing age group was (4.89±0.64)points,which was higher than that of the medium nursing age group[(4.54±0.53)points] and the low nursing age group[(4.18±0.67)points](both P<0.05).Univariate analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences in gender,education level,job nature,affiliation,and marital status among nurses of different nursing ages(all P>0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the age and professional title of nurses with different nursing ages,and with the increase of nursing age,the age and professional title of nurses gradually increased(both P<0.05).With the increase of nursing age,the lower the age and professional title,the more frequent the white/night shift,the higher the job burnout level(P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,professional title and job nature were risk factors of job burnout(all P<0.05). Conclusion There are differences in job burnout level among nurses with different nursing age in breast surgery of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Quanzhou City,and it is influenced by multiple factors. The demographic characteristics such as nursing age,age,professional title and white/night shift are closely related to job burnout. In the nursing management of breast surgery,these factors should be fully considered,personalized intervention measures should be formulated for nurses with different nursing age,professional titles,work scheduling characteristics to improve psychological state of nursing staffs.

Key words: Breast surgery, Nursing age, Job burnout, Countermeasure

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

兰方琛, 李文辉, 王小玲, 陈惠兰, 鄢海霞. 泉州市三级甲等医院乳腺外科不同护龄护士职业倦怠水平调查及对策. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(22): 3051-3055.

LAN Fangchen, LI Wenhui, WANG Xiaoling, CHEN Huilan, YAN Haixia. Investigation and job burnout and its countermeasures in nurses with different nursing age in breast surgery of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Quanzhou City. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(22): 3051-3055.

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