武汉市第二产业6个行业重点人群职业健康素养水平及其影响因素

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解武汉市第二产业6个行业一线工人职业健康素养（occupational health literacy,OHL）水平及影响因素,为精准施策提供依据。方法 2022年采用分层随机抽样方法选取6个行业16~59岁的一线工人为研究对象,调查问卷采用《全国重点人群职业健康素养监测调查个人问卷》,使用Excel软件整理数据和RGui软件分析。结果本次研究共调查788名一线工人,其OHL水平为52.9%,4个维度OHL水平从高到底依次为职业健康保护基本知识（80.3%）、健康工作方式和行为（65.1%）、职业健康法律知识（54.9%）和职业健康保护基本技能（31.6%）,6个行业中非金属矿制品业OHL水平最低。二分类logistics回归分析结果表明,文化程度、收入及用人单位所属行业、性质及规模均是武汉市第二产业6个行业一线工人OHL水平的独立影响因素（均P<0.05）。其中,文化程度在初中以下的一线工人OHL水平明显低于高中水平（P<0.05）;收入越高的工人,OHL水平越高（P<0.05）;非金属矿制品业一线工人OHL水平明显低于非金属矿采选业（P<0.05）,民营和外资企业一线工人OHL水平低于国有企业（P<0.05）,小微企业的一线工人OHL水平明显低于大型企业（P<0.05）。结论武汉市第二产业6个行业的OHL水平相对较低,今后职业健康宣教应侧重于职业健康法律知识和传统职业病危害防护技能。制定职业健康素养干预策略时要充分考虑行业特点和人群结构。重点关注非金属矿制品业、中小微企业、低收入、文化程度较低的职业人群。

关键词: 职业人群, 职业健康素养, 第二产业, 调查, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To understand the occupational health literacy（OHL） level and influencing factors of front-line workers in six industries of the secondary industry in Wuhan City,and to provide the basis for precise policy implementation. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to select front-line workers aged 16-59 years in six industries in 2022 as the research object. The questionnaire was used to collect data from the national key population occupational health literacy monitoring survey personal questionnaire,Excel software and Rgui software for analysis. Results A total of 788 front-line workers were investigated in this study,and their OHL level was 52.9%. The four dimensions of OHL level from high to low were basic knowledge of occupational health protection（80.3%）,healthy working methods and behaviors（65.1%）,occupational health legal knowledge（54.9%） and basic skills of occupational health protection（31.6%）. Among the six industries,non-metallic mineral products industry had the lowest OHL level. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that education level,income,and the industry,nature,and scale of the employer were the independent influencing factors of OHL level of front-line workers in the six secondary industries in Wuhan（all P<0.05）. Among them,the OHL level of front-line workers with education level below junior high school was significantly lower than that of senior high school（P<0.05）. The higher the income,the higher the OHL level of front-line workers（P<0.05）. The OHL level of front-line workers in non-metallic mineral products industry was significantly lower than that in non-metallic mineral mining and dressing industry（P<0.05）. The OHL level of front-line workers in private and foreign-funded enterprises was lower than that in state-owned enterprises（P<0.05）. The OHL level of front-line workers in small and micro enterprises was significantly lower than that in large enterprises（P<0.05）. Conclusion The OHL level of the six secondary industries in Wuhan is relatively low. In the future,occupational health education should focus on occupational health legal knowledge and traditional occupational disease hazard prevention skills. Industry characteristics and population structure should be fully considered when formulating intervention strategies for occupational health literacy. Focus on the non-metallic mineral products industry,small,medium-sized and micro enterprises,low-income and less educated occupational groups.

Key words: Occupational population, Occupational health literacy, Secondary industry, Investigations, Influencing factors

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

付文娟, 戴霞云, 沈洪春, 叶伟平, 陈卓旺, 梁娇君. 武汉市第二产业6个行业重点人群职业健康素养水平及其影响因素. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(1): 82-86.

FU Wenjuan, DAI Xiayun, SHEN Hongchun, YE Weiping, CHEN Zhuowang, LIANG Jiaojun. Occupational health literacy and its influencing factors among key groups in six industries of secondary industry in Wuhan City. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(1): 82-86.

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