职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (24): 3413-3418.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国中小学生龋齿患病率的meta分析

郝正阳1, 陈香君1,2, 毋瑞朋1,2, 彭青1, 王少康1,2()   

  1. 1 西藏民族大学医学院陕西 咸阳 712082
    2 东南大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生系江苏 南京 210009
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-12 修回日期:2025-04-28 出版日期:2025-12-15 发布日期:2026-01-22
  • 通信作者: 王少康,教授,E-mail:shaokangwang@seu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:郝正阳,男,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为免疫学。
  • 基金资助:
    西藏2024年中央引导地方科技发展基金项目(XZ202401YD0010);陕西省教育厅科学研究计划项目(22JK0205)

Meta-analysis of the prevalence of dental caries among primary and secondary school students in China

HAO Zhengyang1, CHEN Xiangjun1,2, WU Ruipeng1,2, PENG Qing1, WANG Shaokang1,2()   

  1. 1 School of MedicineXizang Minzu University,XianyangShaanxi 712082, China
    2 Department of Nutrition and Food HygieneSchool of Public Health,Southeast University,NanjingJiangsu 210009, China
  • Received:2025-04-12 Revised:2025-04-28 Online:2025-12-15 Published:2026-01-22
  • Contact: WANG Shaokang,Professor,E-mail:shaokangwang@seu.edu.cn

摘要:

目的 了解近5年中小学生龋齿患病情况,为中小学生龋齿防治工作提供科学依据。方法 系统检索2020年1月—2024年9月中国知网、PubMed、维普、万方、Web of Science、Embase以及Medline数据库中中国中小学生龋齿流行病学文献,对符合标准的文献汇总进行meta分析,并按性别、学段、地理区域、居住地分别进行亚组分析。结果 共纳入文献47篇,总计纳入中小学生1 961 694例,患龋人数557 186例。Meta结果显示,中国中小学生龋齿合并患病率为41.5%(95%CI:38.0%~45.0%)。亚组分析结果显示,小学生龋齿患病率为50.6%(95%CI:46.3%~45.8%)、中学生龋齿患病率为31.6%(95%CI:26.9%~36.4%),不同年级、地理区域中小学生龋齿患病率比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),其中东北地区中小学生龋齿患病率最高,为68.9%(95%CI:66.8%~71.0%),而华中地区中小学生龋齿患病率最低,为32.0%(95%CI:21.8%~43.2%)。此外不同性别、居住地中小学生龋齿患病率比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论 我国中小学生龋齿患病情况应给予关注,需加强我国中小学生龋齿防治及口腔保健等工作,开展针对性的宣传教育。

关键词: 中小学生, 龋齿, 患病率, Meta分析

Abstract:

Objective To understand the prevalence of dental caries among primary and secondary school students over the past five years,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of dental caries among primary and secondary school students. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in the CNKI,Pubmed,VIP,Wanfang,Web of Science,Embase,and Medline databases for studies on the epidemiology of dental caries among primary and secondary school students in China from January 2020 to September 2024. A meta-analysis was performed on the selected studies that met the predefined criteria,and subgroup analysis were carried out based on gender,educational level,regional distribution,and place of residence. Results A total of 47 articles were included,including 1 961 694 primary and secondary school students and 557 186 cases of dental caries. Meta-analysis results indicated that the composite detection rate of dental caries among primary and secondary school-aged children in China was 41.5%(95%CI:38.0%-45.0%). Subgroup analysis results revealed a combined prevalence of dental caries of 50.6%(95%CI:46.3%-45.8%) among primary school students and 31.6%(95%CI:26.9%-36.4%) among secondary school students,with statistically significant differences between different grades(P<0.05). The difference in different geographical regions were statistically significant(P<0.05),with the highest prevalence of dental caries among primary and secondary school students in Northeast China,at 68.9%(95%CI:66.8%-71.0%),while the lowest prevalence among primary and secondary school students in Central China,at 32.0%(95%CI:21.8%-43.2%). In addition,there were no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of dental caries among primary and secondary school students of different genders and place of residence(both P>0.05). Conclusion Attention should be paid to the prevalence of dental caries among primary and secondary school students in China. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and treatment of dental caries and oral health among primary and secondary school students,and carry out targeted publicity and education.

Key words: Primary and secondary school students, Dental caries, Prevalence, Meta-analysis

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