职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 107-112.

• 论著 • 上一篇    

社会支持与心理弹性在工作场所欺凌和实习护生心理健康的链式中介作用

李金萍1,2, 谭亦周1, 程楠1, 刘祥英1, 段佳佳1   

  1. 1.武汉科技大学医学院,湖北 武汉 430065
    2.职业危害识别与控制湖北省重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430065
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-25 修回日期:2025-04-25 出版日期:2026-01-01 发布日期:2026-02-03
  • 作者简介:李金萍,女,讲师,主要从事护理教育工作。

Chain mediation of social support and resilience in workplace bullying and nursing interns' mental health

LI Jinping1,2, TAN Yizhou1, CHENG Nan1, LIU Xiangying1, DUAN Jiajia1   

  1. 1. School of Medicine,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430065,China
    2. Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control,Wuhan,Hubei 430065,China
  • Received:2025-02-25 Revised:2025-04-25 Online:2026-01-01 Published:2026-02-03

摘要:

目的 探讨工作场所欺凌对实习护生心理健康的影响,分析社会支持和心理弹性在其关系间的链式中介作用。方法 于2022年6—9月,采用一般资料问卷、中文版负面行为问卷-修订版、社会支持评定量表、Connor-Davidsion心理弹性量表、12项一般健康问卷对武汉市3所三级甲等医院的353名实习护生进行调查,构建并检验链式中介模型。结果 实习护生工作场所欺凌得分为(33.08±11.61)分,心理健康得分为(1.73±2.00)分,社会支持得分为(33.59±5.75)分,心理弹性得分为(89.50±19.69)分。实习护生心理健康总分与工作场所欺凌得分呈显著正相关(r=0.206,P<0.01),与社会支持、心理弹性得分均呈显著负相关(r=-0.251、-0.390,均P<0.01)。社会支持和心理弹性在工作场所欺凌与心理健康间的中介效应成立,通过2条路径发挥中介作用:工作场所欺凌→心理弹性→心理健康;工作场所欺凌→社会支持→心理弹性→心理健康。效应值分别为0.010、0.004,占总效应值的24.4%、9.8%。结论 工作场所欺凌不仅可以直接影响心理健康,还可以通过心理弹性的中介作用及社会支持和心理弹性的链式中介作用间接影响心理健康。

关键词: 实习护生, 工作场所欺凌, 心理弹性, 社会支持, 心理健康

Abstract:

Objective To explore the impact of workplace bullying on mental health of nursing interns,and analyze the chain mediating effects of social support and resilience between them. Methods With convenience sampling,353 nursing interns from three grade-A tertiary hospitals in Wuhan were selected as research objects from June to September 2022. General information questionnaire,Chinese negative behavior questionnaire-revised,social support rating scale,Connor-Davidsion resilience scale and 12-item general health questionnaires were used for investigation,and a chain intermediary model was constructed and tested. Results The scores for workplace bullying,mental health,social support,and resilience among nursing interns were (33.08±11.61),(1.73±2.00),(33.59±5.75) and (89.50±19.69)points,respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between nursing interns' mental health scores and workplace bullying scores(r=0.206,P<0.01),and significant negative correlations with social support and resilience scores(r=-0.251,-0.390,both P<0.01). Social support and resilience played an intermediary role between workplace bullying and mental health through two paths:workplace bullying→resilience→mental health,workplace bullying→social support→resilience→mental health. The effect values were 0.010 and 0.004,respectively,accounting for 24.4% and 9.8% of the total effect values. Conclusion Workplace bullying can not only directly affect mental health,but also indirectly affect mental health through the intermediary role of resilience and the chain intermediary role of social support and resilience.

Key words: Nursing interns, Workplace bullying, Resilience, Social support, Mental health

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