职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 35-38.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2023—2024年保定市部分放射工作人员职业健康现状及分析

赵永军1, 张京战2, 李菲1, 刘添洪1   

  1. 1.保定市疾病预防控制中心,河北 保定 071000
    2.河北省疾病预防控制中心,河北 石家庄 050021
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-12 修回日期:2025-06-22 出版日期:2026-01-01 发布日期:2026-02-03
  • 作者简介:赵永军,男,主任医师,主要从事职业卫生和放射卫生工作。

Occupational health status and analysis of some radiation workers in Baoding City from 2023 to 2024

ZHAO Yongjun1, ZHANG Jingzhan2, LI Fei1, LIU Tianhong1   

  1. 1. Baoding Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Baoding,Hebei 071000,China
    2. Hebei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050021,China
  • Received:2025-05-12 Revised:2025-06-22 Online:2026-01-01 Published:2026-02-03

摘要:

目的 分析保定市医疗卫生机构放射工作人员职业健康资料和个人剂量数据,为放射卫生管理提供参考依据。方法 对2023年8月—2024年8月保定市1 204名医疗卫生机构放射工作人员的个人剂量数据及职业健康监护结果进行整理与分析,采用统计方法将白细胞、淋巴细胞绝对值、淋巴细胞百分比、淋巴细胞微核、眼晶状体按照性别、职业年限、不同职业照射种类及受照剂量等进行分析。结果 1204名放射工作人员中,男性697人,白细胞减少异常率为1.72%,女性507人,白细胞减少异常率为4.73%,女性放射工作人员的白细胞减少异常率高于男性(P<0.01);0~<5年职业年限的工作人员淋巴细胞绝对值异常率为6.62%,5~<15年职业年限的工作人员淋巴细胞绝对值异常率为10.44%,≥15年职业年限的工作人员淋巴细胞绝对值异常率为5.47%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);诊断放射学的白细胞减少率为1.32%,核医学为11.11%,放射治疗为4.08%,介入放射学为4.23%,介入放射学的白细胞减少率高于放射诊断学(P<0.01)。介入放射学眼晶状体混浊率为1.76%,核医学眼晶状体混浊率为11.11%,放射治疗学眼晶状体混浊率为1.02%,放射诊断学眼晶状体混浊率为0.38%,介入放射学及核医学高于放射诊断学,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。年受照剂量1~<5 mSv组的眼晶状体浑浊率(5.88%)、淋巴细胞微核率(11.76%)高于MDL~<1 mSv组(均P<0.05)。结论 长期小剂量电离辐射可使机体受到一定的辐射损伤,女性、5~<15年职业年限的人员、从事介入和核医学的工作人员是职业健康监护的重点。

关键词: 放射工作人员, 年受照剂量, 职业健康监护

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the occupational health data and personal dose data of radiation workers in medical and health institutions in Baoding City,and provide reference for radiation health management. Methods The personal dose data and occupational health monitoring results of 1 204 radiation workers in medical and health institutions in Baoding City from August 2023 to August 2024 were sorted out and analyzed,and the absolute value of white blood cells and lymphocytes,lymphocyte percentage,lymphocyte micronucleus,and ocular lens were statistically analyzed according to gender,occupational years,different occupational radiation types,and irradiation dose. Results Among the 1 204 radiologists,697 were males with an abnormal leukopenia rate of 1.72%,and 507 were females with an abnormal leukopenia rate of 4.73%,and the abnormal leukopenia rate of female radiologists was higher than that of males(P<0.01). The abnormal rate of lymphocyte absolute value of 0-<5 years of staff was 6.62%,that of 5-<15 years of staff was 10.44%,that of ≥15 years of staff was 5.47%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The leukopenia rate was 1.32% in diagnostic radiology,11.11% in nuclear medicine,4.08% in radiotherapy,and 4.23% in interventional radiology,and the leukopenia rate was higher in interventional radiology than in diagnostic radiology(P<0.01). The ophthalmic lens turbidity rate was 1.76% in interventional radiology,11.11% in nuclear medicine,1.02% in radiotherapy and 0.38% in diagnostic radiology,and the ophthalmic lens turbidity rate were higher in interventional radiology and nuclear medicine than in diagnostic radiology,and the difference was statistically significant(both P<0.05). The intraocular lens opacity rate(5.88%) and lymphocyte micronucleus rate(11.76%) in the group with an annual irradiation dose of 1-<5 mSv were higher than those in the MDL-<1 mSv group(both P<0.05). Conclusion Long-term small dose of ionizing radiation can cause certain radiation damage to the body,and women,people with 5-<15 occupational years and workers engaged in interventional and nuclear medicine are the focus of occupational health monitoring.

Key words: Radiation workers, Annual irradiation dose, Occupational health monitoring

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