Table of Content

15 February 2024, Volume 40 Issue 4

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Treatise

Analysis on influence factors of musculoskeletal disorders of the shoulder and the population attributable risk of workers in an automobile manufacturing company in Shiyan City

QIAN Xiaoyi, XIAO Chunmei, WU Jiabing, CHEN Long, ZHENG Jianru, LI Xiulou

2024, 40(4):  433-437. 

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Objective To investigate the factors and percentage of population attributable risk ratios（PAR%） for shoulder musculoskeletal disorders（MSDS） among workers in automobile manufacturing companies and provide a rationale for screening focused interventions. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from October to November 2022,and workers in an automobile manufacturing enterprise in Shiyan City were selected as the study subjects to investigate the prevalence of shoulder musculoskeletal disorders during the past year among workers using the Chinese Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire（CMQ）.The χ² test was used to compare the differences in the prevalence among different types of population,and the multivariate log binomial regression model was used to calculate the PR value,and the PAR% of occupation influencing factors with statistical significance was further calculated. Results The prevalence of MSDs in shoulders among workers in this automobile manufacturing enterprise was 37.3%.The results of multivariate log binomial regression analysis showed that female workers（PR=1.43,95%CI：1.29-1.58）,aged 30-<40 years（PR=1.73,95%CI：1.30-2.35）,40-<50 years（PR=1.92,95%CI：1.48-2.57）,and ≥50 years（PR=2.10,95%CI：1.62-2.82）,high work pressure（PR=1.17,95%CI：1.05-1.32）,working > 5 days per week（PR=1.11,95%CI：1.01-1.22）,working hours per week >40 h（PR=1.10,95%CI：1.00-1.20）,unsatisfactory work environment（PR=1.43,95%CI：1.31-1.57）,working posture involving wrist flexion（PR=1.26,95%CI：1.04-1.51）,and desk-bound status（PR=1.26,95%CI：1.15-1.37） were all the influencing factors for shoulder MSDs among workers in automobile manufacturing company.The PAR% of the main occupational risk factors were 13.18% of higher work stress,12.04% of working posture involving wrist flexion,and 7.20% for desk-bound working,respectively. Conclusion The prevalence rate of shoulder among workers in this automobile manufacturing company is relatively high. High work stress,working posture involving wrist flexion,and desk-bound working are the key intervention factors for the entriprise to prevent and control shoulder MSDs among workers.

Cross-sectional survey of social capital status among 1 097 rural elderly people

SUN Jing, LI Yahui, DENG Yuchen, HU Tongtong, DENG Wenjing, ZHOU Lihua

2024, 40(4):  438-442. 

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Objective To understand the current situation and its influencing factors of social capital among rural elderly people in Anhui Province. Methods From June to August 2022,a total of 1 097 rural elderly people aged ≥60 from township and communities under the jurisdiction of Ma’anshan City and Xuancheng City in Anhui Province were selected as research subjects by convenience sampling method.The general information questionnaire and social capital scale were used to conduct a cross-sectional survey among the elderly,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of social capital of the elderly was（47.83±6.28）points,and the average score of items was （3.42±0.45）points. The score of family social capital was （3.98±0.72）points,macro social capital was （3.91±0.65）points,community social capital was （3.54±0.68）points,personal social capital was （3.27±0.58）points,and association social capital was （2.01±1.05）points. The differences in the total score of social capital of the elderly with different economic source,frequency of children's visits,whether they took part in physical exercise,whether they had hobbies and self-care ability were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Conclusion Township communities should fully explore the factors that have a positive impact on the social capital of the elderly,and improve the social capital level of the elderly.

Population health benefit evaluation of continuous control of atmospheric PM_2.5 concentration

YOU Anqi, XIAO Ye, HUANG Yanlin, CHEN Zhaoqiong, XIE Hui, YU Lili

2024, 40(4):  443-446. 

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Objective To explore the health benefits of continuous control of atmospheric PM_2.5 concentration. Methods The average daily concentration of atmospheric pollutants,meteorological factors and mortality data in Yibin City from 2015-2020 were collected. Generalized additive models（GAM） were used to analyze the relationship between PM_2.5 concentration and years of life lost（YLL）. The avoidable YLL was calculated assuming that the air quality meet the World Health Organization Air Quality Guidelines（WHO AQG） and China's National Ambient Air Quality Standard Level 2. Gender and age groups were used to identify susceptible populations. Results When the concentration of PM_2.5（lag0） increased by 10 μg/m³,the non-acidental death YLL of residents increased by 0.72（95%CI：0.68-0.76）years,male（lag01） and female（lag03） increased by 0.61（95%CI：0.55-0.67） and 0.91（95%CI：0.84-0.99）years,respectively. At the same time >65（lag02） years old and ≤65（lag0） years old increased by 1.12（95%CI：1.05-1.19） and 0.45（95%CI：0.39-0.50）years,respectively. The YLL that could be avoided when PM_2.5 concentration reached the WHO AQG standard and the national secondary standard was 929.23（95%CI：877.02-981.44） and 124.70（95%CI：117.69-131.71） years,respectively. Conclusions PM_2.5 pollution may increase non-acidental deaths YLL,especially in women and the elderly（> 65 years old）.When PM_2.5 concentrations reach lower concentration thresholds,higher health gains can be achieved.

Study on occupational hazards in an open-pit coal mine at high altitude

ZHANG Haiyun, LI Xiaohong, SHEN Lei

2024, 40(4):  447-450. 

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Objective To investigate the current situation of occupational hazards in a certain open-pit coal mine in high-altitude areas,evaluate the types and degrees of occupational hazards in open-pit coal mines in high-altitude areas,and evaluate the protective effects of the occupational disease prevention facilities（measures） adopted,and propose corresponding protective measures and suggestions. Methods In October 2022,a survey was conducted on the main occupational disease hazards in an open-pit coal mine in Haixi Prefecture of Qinghai Province using occupational health on-site investigation,engineering analysis,and inspection and testing. Results The main occupational hazards of the enterprise were dust（coal dust,silicon dust,welding fumes）,chemical hazards（hydrogen sulfide,ammonia）,and physical factors（noise,high-altitude low oxygen,low pressure,low temperature）. The time-weighted average concentration（C_TWA） of selenium dust at the inspection site was 1.22 mg/m³,and the judgment result was over standard. Conclusion Bases the analysis of detection data,targeted dust and noise prevention engineering protection facilities and institutional management requirements have been proposed for positions exceeding the standard,which has certain guiding significance for occupational health issues in open-pit coal mining in high-altitude areas.

Analysis on characteristics of new occupational diseases in Changsha City from 2016 to 2021

YANG Feng, LI Juanping, CHEN Xiubing, XIE Guohong, WANG Feng, LI Jimeng

2024, 40(4):  451-456. 

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Objective To analyze the newly diagnosed occupational diseases in Changsha City from 2016-2021,determine the main occupational diseases,key occupational disease hazard factors and industries with high incidence of occupational diseases,and provide scientific basis for formulating occupational disease prevention and control measures. Methods Collected the information of new cases of occupational diseases in Changsha City from January 1,2016 to December 31,2021 in the national occupational disease network direct reporting system,and conducted a retrospective analysis on the incidence of occupational diseases. Results From 2016-2021,there were 231 newly diagnosed occupational diseases in Changsha City,including 117 cases of occupational pneumoconiosis（50.6%）,63 cases of occupational noise deafness（27.3%） and 33 cases of occupational poisoning（14.3%）. The number of diagnosed cases was basically consistent from 2016-2018,43（18.6%）,46（19.9%） and 42（18.2%）,respectively. The number of diagnosed cases decreased from 2019-2020,30（13.0%） and 28（18.2%）,respectively. The number of diagnosed cases increased to 42（18.2%） in 2021,with a U-shaped trend,224 males（70%） and 7 females（30%）.The cases aged 40-<50 and 50-<60 were the most,77（33.3%） and 101（43.7%） respectively. The peak incidence of occupational pneumoconiosis and noise deafness was 5-<10 years of exposure,the peak incidence of occupational diseases,occupational chemical poisoning and occupational skin diseases caused by physical factors was 0-<5 years of exposure,and the peak incidence of benzene induced leukemia was ≥20 years of exposure. The areas with more cases were Yuelu District,Liuyang City,Ningxiang City,Tianxin District and Changsha County,with 62,45,33,30 and 31 cases respectively. The areas with less cases were Furong District,Kaifu District,Wangcheng District and Yuhua District,with 3,5,14 and 8 cases respectively. The enterprises with more cases were small enterprises,followed by medium-sized enterprises and large enterprises. The enterprises with less cases were micro enterprises,119（51.5%）,57（24.7%）,45（19.5%） and 10（4.3%） respectively. The top three in pneumoconiosis industry were industrial and mining engineering construction,fireworks and firecrackers product manufacturing,and human resources services. The top three in noise-deafness industry were special equipment manufacturing,cement manufacturing,and human resources services. The top three in occupational poisoning industry were fireworks and firecrackers product manufacturing,paint manufacturing,and human resources services. There were significant differences in the distribution of occupational diseases in different years,sexes,regions and enterprises（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the age of onset and the length of service of different occupational diseases（all P<0.05）. Conclusions From 2016-2021,the key occupational hazard factors in Changsha City are dust,noise,high temperature,methanol,hydrogen sulfide,lead,arsenic and benzene. Therefore,the occupational health supervision of human resources services,industrial and mining engineering construction,special equipment manufacturing,fireworks and firecrackers products manufacturing,cement manufacturing,coating manufacturing,battery manufacturing and other industries should be strengthened.

Analysis on occupational disease hazards of a lead and zinc concentrator plant in Shaanxi Province

LIANG Kai, ZHANG Ningning, SHI Hanwen, ZHANG Mingzhu, QI Baoning, WANG Zhenzhen

2024, 40(4):  457-460. 

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Objective To identify and analyze the occupational hazard factors in the workplace of a lead and zinc concentrator in Shaanxi Province,and provide countermeasures for occupational disease prevention and workers' health. Methods In accordance with the national occupational health standards and relevant work norms,the occupational health field investigation method and detection method was applied to identify,sample,test and analyze the occupational-disease-inductive factors in the workplace of the enterprise in September 2021. Results The main occupational disease inductive factors in the workplace of the enterprise include productive dust（silica dust,lead dust,other dust）,productive toxicants（hydrogen chloride,hydrochloric acid,sulfuric acid,sulfur trioxide）,and physical factors（noise,power frequency electric field）.The time-weighted average allowable concentrations of silica dust（total dust） and silica dust（exhaled dust） in the workplace were 1.40 and 0.84 mg/m³ respectively,exceeding the occupational exposure limits.The exposure levels of productive poisons such as hydrogen chloride,hydrochloric acid,sulfuric acid and sulfur trioxide all met the occupational exposure limits.The 40 h equivalent noise level intensity of crusher,ball grinder,flotation worker,dosifier and dehydrator operator were 91.3,94.5,91.3,89.4 and 86.5 dB（A）,respectively,which exceeds the occupational exposure limit.The measurement result of power frequency electric field intensity of inspection position in the distribution room was 0.053 16 kV/m,which met the requirements of occupational exposure limit. Conclusions The dust and noise of the enterprise exceed the standard,and the occupational hazard is serious.It is suggested to take occupational health protection and remedial measures to protect the health of workers.

Study on drug resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from aquatic animals

LI Xue, WANG Weijie, SUN Tingting, WEI Tongzhu, LEI Lu

2024, 40(4):  461-465. 

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Objective To master the drug resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from aquatic animals in Liaoning Province,explore the correlation between drug resistance gene and phenotype,and further reveal the drug resistance mechanism,so as to provide a theoretical basis for scientific prevention and control of Vibrio parahaemolyticus food poisoning. Methods The drug resistance spectrum of 168 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from aquatic animals was studied by broth dilution method.The minimum inhibitory concentration of the strains against 14 common antibiotics were determined.The minimum bactericidal concentrationof the strains against 4 common antibiotics were determined.7 common drug resistance genes and class I integron inT1 gene were detected by real-time PCR. Results The drug resistance rates of 168 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from aquatic animals in Liaoning province to 14 common antibiotics were 98.21%of penicillin G,70.24% of sulfamethoxazole and 67.85% of ampicillin,respectively.The sensitivity rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from aquatic animals in Liaoning Province to enrofloxacin was the highest（97.62%）.168 strains of VP showed multiple drug resistance with different degrees of drug resistance,and AMP/PG/SMX and PG/SMX were the dominant drug-resistant strains.The dominant genotypes were blaCARB（29.55%）,blaCARB-blaTEM（15.26%） and blaCARB-Sul II（15.26%）.The coincidence rate between drug resistance genes and drug resistance phenotypes was not high. Conclusions Vibrio parahaemolyticus derived from aquatic animals had higher resistance rate to sulfamethoxazole and β-lactam antibiotics,and the highest sensitivity rate to Enrofloxacin.Enrofloxacin had significant bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects,suggesting that Enrofloxacin could be used as the first choice for prevention and treatment of vibrio parahaemolyticus disease.The resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from aquatic animals is severe,and the number of multidrug-resistant strains is increasing.Many factors can affect the antibiotic resistance phenotype of Vibrio parahaemolyticus,and most of the resistance genes can be horizontally transmitted between Vibrio parahaemolyticus,which increases the difficulty of preventing and treating Vibrio parahaemolyticus disease from aquatic animals.It is necessary for relevant departments to strengthen the monitoring of drug resistant phenotypes and genotypes of Vibrio parahaemolyticus,further revealing its drug resistance mechanism,and providing theoretical basis for scientific prevention and control of Vibrio parahaemolyticus disease from aquatic animals.

High risk behaviors and HIV,TP,HCV infection among drug users in Zhenjiang City from 2020 to 2021

LIU Xiaoxia, YE Lu, HU Chengfeng, LIU Chao, LI Xinyan, ZHANG Minghui

2024, 40(4):  466-469. 

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Objective To understand the high-risk behaviors and the infection status of human immunodeficiency virus（HIV）,treponema pallidum（TP） and hepatitis C virus（HCV） among drug users in Zhenjiang City,and to provide basis for the intervention of drug users. Methods s From January 2020 to December 2021,858 people were selected from the managers of compulsory drug treatment centers captured by the Public Security Bureau by stratified sampling,including 805 people who were willing to participate in the survey.After informed consent for testing,demographic and high-risk behavior information was collected,and venous blood was collected for HIV,TP,HCV testing. Results A total of 805 people were surveyed and 785 valid questionnaires were collected,with a response rate of 97.52%.The utilization rates of new drugs and traditional drugs were 82.0%and 18.0%,respectively.The infection rates of HIV,TP and HCV were 2.3%,13.0%and 7.7%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that students or unemployed（OR=3.836,95%CI：2.044-7.497） and income >6 000 yuan/month（OR=2.856,95%CI：1.316-6.469） were more likely to use new drugs.The infection rate of TP using new drugs was higher（OR=3.477,95%CI：1.239-12.840）,while the infection rates of HIV（OR：0.086,95%CI：0.018-0.357） and HCV（OR：0.082,95%CI：0.035-0.188） among traditional drug users were higher（all P<0.05）. Conclusion In recent years,the use of new drugs among drug users in Zhenjiang City is far more than that of traditional drugs,and the risk of syphilis infection among people who take new drugs such as ecstasy and/or K powder is higher than that of traditional drugs.It is necessary to increase the publicity of the harmfulness of new drugs,and focus on monitoring and comprehensive intervention should be carried out for drug users who are young,have low education and have many sexual partners.

Correlation analysis of perceived organizational support and work engagement among teachers in the 10 higher vocational colleges in Tianjin Haihe Education Park

DUAN Duan, LI Minyuan, XU Ran

2024, 40(4):  470-474. 

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Objective To explorethe influence of perceived organizational support on work involvement of teachers in higher vocational colleges,and provide a basis for improving the quality of vocational college teachers' work and the development of vocational colleges. Methods From September to December 2019,a cross-sectional survey method was used to randomly select 2 200 vocational college teachers from 10 higher vocational colleges in Tianjin Haihe Education Park.The current status of perceived organizational support and work engagement of vocational college teachers were investigated by perceived organizational support and work engagement questionnaire.The multiple linear regression model was used to explore the influence of perceived organizational support on the work engagement and its three dimensions among higher vocational college teachers. Results The total score of work engagement of higher vocational college teachers was （4.21±1.46）points,with an average score of （4.18±1.52）,（4.34±1.56） and （4.24±1.44）points for vitality,dedication,and focus.The levels ofvitality,dedication,and work engagement of higher vocational college teachers were mainly at a medium to high level. After controlling the covariates effects of individual characteristics,work,and health status,perceived organizational support was positively correlated with vitality,dedication,focus,and work engagement（β=0.482,0.413,0.440,1.335,all P<0.01）,and their explanatory variables increased by 21.2%,21.9%,20.0%,and 22.7%,respectively. Conclusion The perceived organizational support has a positive effect on the work engagement of higher vocational teachers. Managers of higher vocational colleges should focus on improving the sense of organizational support,enhance the work engagement and work quality of higher vocational teachers,so as to promote the rapid development of higher vocational colleges.

Study on relationship between resilience and work family support and work engagement of obstetricians and gynecologists in tertiary hospitals in Nanchang City

ZHANG Xiqing, PAN Lingyun

2024, 40(4):  475-478. 

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Objective To investigate the resilience status of obstetricians and gynecologists in tertiary hospitals in Nanchang City,and analyze its relationship with work family support and work engagement. Methods From July to October 2022,143 obstetricians and gynecologists from 4 tertiary hospitals in Nanchang City were investigated by convenience sampling methods with general information questionnaire,resilience scale,work family support scale and work engagement scale. Results The resilience score of obstetricians and gynecologists in Nanchang City tertiary hospitals was （58.43±7.95）points,work family support score was （92.14±16.11）points,and work engagement score was （63.05±11.71）points.The results of correlation analysis showed that the resilience of obstetricians and gynecologists in Nanchang City tertiary hospitals was positively correlated with work family support and work engagement（r=0.632-0.939,all P<0.01）.Hierarchical regression analysis showed that marital status,education,years of professional experience,occupational stress,workplace bullying,job satisfaction,sleep quality,family cohesion,work family support and work engagement were the main influencing factors of resilience of gynecologists and obstetricians. Conclusions The resilience of obstetricians and gynecologists in tertiary hospitals in Nanchang City is at a medium level,and is related to work family support and work input.Managers should actively pay attention to their work family support and work input,so as to improve the resilience of obstetricians and gynecologists.

Analysis on correlation between mental health,psychological resilience and sleep quality of pediatric nurses in eight grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province

ZHANG Xin, ZHANG Yan

2024, 40(4):  479-483. 

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Objective To investigate the status of mental health,psychological resilience and sleep quality of pediatric nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province,explore the risk factors affecting sleep quality of pediatric nurses. Methods From July to August 2022,a convenient sampling method was used to investigate 274 pediatric nurses from eight grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province by using general data questionnaire,mental health scale,psychological resilience scale and sleep quality scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The mental health score of 274 pediatric nurses was （12.12±3.95）points,the psychological resilience score was （85.98±21.86）points,and the sleep quality score was （8.45±4.78）points. Among them,224 pediatric nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals had Pittsburgh sleep quality index（PSQI） scores ≥5 points. There were statistically significant differences in the mental health scores among pediatric nurses with different age,marital status,educational background,night shift,physical pain and exercise frequency（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the psychological resilience scores among pediatric nurses with different age,marital status,educational background,years of pediatric work,physical pain and exercise frequency（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the sleep quality scores among pediatric nurses with different characteristics such as age,marital status,length of pediatric work,professional title,night shift,physical pain and exercise frequency（all P<0.05）. The mental health,psychological resilience and sleep quality scores were negatively correlated（r>0,P<0.05）,while the mental health and psychological resilience scores were positively correlated（r>0,P<0.05）. The age,marital status,night shift,occupational somatic pain,exercise frequency,mental health and psychological resilience were the main influencing factors of sleep quality of pediatric nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals（all P<0.05）,which could explain 70.7% of total variance. Conclusion The sleep quality of pediatric nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province,among which mental health and psychological resilience are its protective factors. The nursing managers should take targeted intervention measures to improve the mental health of nurses and improve their physical and mental status,so as to promote the healthy development of medical and health human resources.

Analysis on condom use in high-risk sexual behavior among male floating population in Nanning City from 2017 to 2021

HE Bo, QIN Meiping, NONG Liping, TANG Hongyang, LIU Junhui, HUANG Zhiyong

2024, 40(4):  484-489. 

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Objective To understand the high-risk sexual behavior,condom use and influencing factors of male floating population in Nanning City,and to provide reference for AIDS prevention and control among floating population. Methods Using a combination of epidemiological and serological methods,a questionnaire survey was conducted on male migrants aged 15-65 years old who were not registered in Nanning City at eight construction sites in Yongning District of Nanning City from April to July 2017-2021,and the high-risk sexual behavior,condom use and influencing factors were analyzed. Results A total of 1 739 male floating population were investigated.The total awareness rate of AIDS knowledge and the total incidence of commercial sexual behavior and temporary sexual behavior in the last year were 97.18%（1 690/1 739）,10.75%（1 87/1 739） and 7.42%（129/1 739）,respectively.From 2017 to 2021,the awareness rate of male floating population in Nanning who answered ≥6 questions correctly（the lowest in 2018[92.72%（280/302）]）,commercial sexual behavior（the highest in 2021[27.75%（111/400）],the lowest in 2020[2.62%（9/343）] and temporary sexual behavior（the highest in 2021[16.00%（64/400）],the lowest in 2020[1.17%（4/343）]） fluctuated,and the differences were statistically significant（χ²=39.37,179.96,65.16,all P<0.01）.The total condom adherence rates of each commercial sex act and each temporary sex act in the last year were 87.17%（163/187） and 57.36%（74/129）,respectively.From 2017 to 2021,the condom adherence rates of each commercial sex（lowest in 2019[53.85%（7/13）] and each temporary sex（lowest in 2018[17.65%（3/17）]） also fluctuated,and the differences were also statistically significant（χ²=12.04, 15.18,both P<0.01）.Knowledge of AIDS（OR=0.087,95%CI：0.014-0.551） was a risk factor for male migrant population to adhere to condom use every time of commercial sex.Household registration in other provinces（OR=3.028,95%CI：1.444-6.352） was the protective factor for male migrant population to adhere to condom use every time of temporary sexual behavior. Conclusions The awareness rate of AIDS knowledge among male migrant workers in Nanning City was at a high level from 2017 to 2021,but the incidence of high-risk sexual behavior was still high,and the condom use rate was low.It is still necessary to strengthen the targeted development of AIDS and STD related knowledge,and strengthen prevention and intervention from the perspective of behavior.

Chain mediating effect of resilience and person-organization fit on psychological security and proactive work behavior of clinical nurses

GU Lingling, DING Zuoying, CHU Chengmei, LI Xiaohui, WANG Xu

2024, 40(4):  490-495. 

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Objective To analyze the relationship between psychological security,resilience,person-organization,and proactive work behavior of clinical nurses,and explore the mechanism of resilience and person-organization fit in the relationship between psychological security and proactive work behavior of clinical nurses. Methods From January to April 2023,241 clinical nurses were selected and surveyed using general information survey questionnaire,psychological security scale,resilience evaluation scale for medical staff,nurse person-organization fit evaluation scale,and proactive work behavior performance evaluation scale. SPSS 24.0 was used for statistical analysis,and AMOS 25.0 was used to construct structural equation model. Results The total average score of psychological security among 241 clinical nurses was （3.76±0.49）points,the total average score of resilience was （4.11±0.41）points,the total average score of person-organization fit was （4.06±0.35）points,and the total average score of proactive work behavior was （4.40±0.20）points. Pearson correlation analysis showed that psychological security,resilience,person-organization fit,and proactive work behavior of clinical nurses were positively correlated（all P<0.01）. The structural equation model showed that psychological security had a direct effect on the proactive work behavior of clinical nurses,and resilience and person-organization fit had a chain mediating effect between psychological security and proactive work behavior of clinical nurses,with a chain mediating effect of 0.037,accounting for 22.98% of the total mediating effect. Conclusion Clinical nurses have a high level of proactive work behavior,and resilience and person-organization fit play a chain mediating role between their psychological security and proactive work behavior.

Mediating role of career resilience in the relationship between work stress and work shaping among obstetric nursing staff in the western Guangxi region

NONG Xiaohua, LING Pengfei, LU Jialian, HUANG Jingxia, LUO Xiaoping, ZHANG Ping

2024, 40(4):  496-499. 

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Objective To understand the current situation of work stress,work shaping,and career resilience among obstetric nursing staff in the western Guangxi region,and to analyze the internal influencing mechanisms among the three. Method From January to May 2022,224 frontline obstetric clinical nursing staff from 10 hospitals in Baise City of western Guangxi were selected as the survey subjects.A survey was conducted using the basic information of nurses,the nurse work stress source scale,the work shape scale,and the career resilience questionnaire. And the data were analyzed. Results The work stress score of 224 obstetric nurses was（75.40±14.73）points,the work shaping score was （83.42±13.90）points,and the career resilience score was （121.04±23.98）points.The comparison of work stress scores among obstetric nursing staff with different professional titles,hospital levels,monthly income,and monthly night shifts showed statistical significance（all P<0.05）.The work shaping scores of obstetric nursing staff in different hospital categories,monthly income,and monthly night shifts were compared,and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）.The work stress of obstetric nursing staff was negatively correlated with career resilience and work shaping（r=-0.398,-0.279,both P<0.01）,and career resilience was positively correlated with work shaping（r=0.494,P<0.01）.After adding the mediating variable career resilience to the regression analysis results,the explanatory power of the regression model on work shaping increased from 17.8% to 35.2%.Career resilience played a partial mediating role between work stress and work shaping,with a mediating effect of 25.7%. Conclusion The work stress of obstetric nursing staff in the western Guangxi region is at a moderate to high level,and work stress can directly predict work shaping negatively.However,the relationship between work stress and work shaping is partially mediated by career resilience,which itself has a positive predictive effect on work shaping.

Research on impact of meteorological factors on air pollutants and pollutant change trends in Yining City of Xinjiang from 2017 to 2021

WANG Jiabo, Yiliyasi Abudureyimu, YAN Qi

2024, 40(4):  500-503. 

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Objective To analyze the concentration changes of major air pollutants SO₂,NO₂,inhalable particles（PM₁₀）,fine particulate matter（PM_2.5）,CO,and the relationship between meteorological factors and the concentration of major pollutants in Yining City in recent years,providing a basis for the prevention and control of atmospheric pollution in Yining City. Methods The quality related data on the concentration of main air pollutants,the number of days with good air quality,and changes in meteorological factors in Yining City from 2017 to 2021 were collected for statistical description. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between air pollutants and meteorological factors,and the characteristics of air pollution and meteorological factors in Yining City were evaluated. Results The annual average concentrations of main pollutants SO₂,NO₂,PM₁₀,PM_2.5,and CO in Yining City from 2017 to 2021 ranged from 11.59-23.19,30.05-37.42,66.12-84.14,35.78-55.51,and 1.21-1.81 μg/m³,respectively. The annual average concentrations of main pollutants SO₂ and NO₂ showed a decreasing trend,with the highest in winter and spring and the lowest in summer and autumn. The annual average concentrations of PM₁₀,PM_2.5,and CO had shown a fluctuating trend from 2017 to 2021. The concentrations of SO₂, NO₂, PM₁₀, PM_2.5, and CO in the atmosphere of Yining City were significantly negatively correlated with temperature and wind speed,and significantly positively correlated with air pressure（all P<0.01）. Conclusions The atmospheric environment in Yining City has been improved day by day from 2017 to 2021,with a significant decrease in the concentration of main atmospheric pollutants. There is a significant correlation between meteorological factors and the concentration of major atmospheric pollutants in Yining City,and corresponding control measures can be considered based on the results.

Time series analysis of the influence of air pollutant PM_2.5 on the cause of death in Jiamusi City from 2015 to 2021

CHEN Huixu, KONG Li, LI Shixiang, XIAO Hong, ZHAO Jimin, BAO Mingjia

2024, 40(4):  504-508. 

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Objective To analyze the influence of PM_2.5 on different causes of death in Jiamusi City from 2015 to 2021. Methods The cause of death monitoring data,meteorological data and air pollutant monitoring data from 2015 to 2021 were collected,the Poisson generalized addition model was used to control the influence of confounding factors such as meteorological factors,time trend and other pollutants,and to analyze the influence of PM_2.5 exposure on population mortality risk. Results From 2015 to 2021,the total number of deaths in Jiamusi City was 108 800,and the average annual concentration of PM_2.5 was 29.910 μg/m³. There was a positive correlation between PM_2.5 concentration and death of all diseases（all P<0.05）. The change of PM_2.5 concentration had a lag effect on the risk of death from diseases,and the cumulative lag of 5 days had the greatest effect on total death and death from circulatory diseases,with ER values of 0.053%（95%CI：0.021-0.086） and 0.078%（95%CI：0.035-0.120）,respectively. The 2-day lag concentration had the greatest effect on death from respiratory diseases,with ER value of 0.079%（95%CI：0.004-0.154）. Men and older adults ≥65 were more sensitive,with ER values of 0.061%（95%CI：0.024-0.099） and 0.054%（95%CI：0.024-0.085）,respectively. The pollutant model showed that when PM_2.5 concentration increased by 1μg/m³,the risk of total death,the risk of death from circulatory diseases,and the risk of death from respiratory diseases increased by 0.050%（95%CI：0.020-0.090）,0.080%（95%CI：0.040-0.120） and 0.080%（95%CI：0.010-0.015）. Conclusion The exposure of PM_2.5 in the atmosphere in Jiamusi City from 2015 to 2021 is closely related to the increased risk of death of the population in Jiamusi City,especially for men and the elderly population.

Analysis on current situation and risk assessment of drinking water hygiene in rural schools in Hebei Province from 2018 to 2020

DING Tingting, WANG Suwei, WANG Meilin, AN Yuqin, YUAN Shuhua, LIU Yigang

2024, 40(4):  509-512. 

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Objective To understand the drinking water sanitation status of rural schools in Hebei Province from 2018 to 2020,and assess the health risks of fluoride and nitrate nitrogen in drinking water. Methods From 2018 to 2020,360,365,and 355 schools were selected to collect peripheral water,to analyze and evaluate the conventional water quality indicators and ammonia nitrogen. The health risk assessment model recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency was used to evaluate the chronic non carcinogenic risks of fluoride and nitrate nitrogen in drinking water in rural schools in Hebei Province. Results Public primary and secondary schools accounted for a relatively high proportion of rural monitoring schools in Hebei Province,and accommodation students accounted for more than 50%. From 2018 to 2020,the standard rate of drinking water quality in rural schools in Hebei Province from high to low was 2020 year（82.03%）>2019 year（74.11%）>2018 year（69.83%）,and the difference was statistically significant（χ²=29.041,P<0.01）. The total coliform,bacterial count and fluoride were the main indicators that affected the overall compliance rate of drinking water quality in rural schools in Hebei Province. In 2020,the compliance rate of fluoride indicators was 96.25%,and the non carcinogenic risks of rural students in Hebei Province exposed to fluoride and nitrate nitrogen[M（P₁₀,P₉₀）] through drinking water for 12 years were 0.40（0.12,1.17） and 0.08（0.01,0.51）,respectively,with male and female students at 0.40（0.12,1.19）,0.39（0.12,1.16）,0.08（0.01,0.52）,and 0.08（0.01,0.50）. Conclusions The water quality compliance rate of rural schools in Hebei Province has been increasing year by year from 2018 to 2020. However,it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of microbiological indicators and fluoride,and improve the use of water supply methods,disinfection,and disinfection equipment in schools. Some students in high fluoride areas of rural schools in Hebei Province have certain health risks and should continue to carry out water improvement and fluoride reduction work to ensure the safety of drinking water for students.

Analysis on the prevalence and influencing factors of myopia detection among primary and secondary school students in Xinzhou District of Wuhan City from 2019 to 2021

HU Yongfeng, WANG Shufeng, YU Chunping, HU Wei

2024, 40(4):  513-517. 

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Objective To understand the prevalence and development trend of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Xinzhou District,Wuhan City from 2019 to 2021,and analyze its influencing factors,aiming to provide a scientific basis for formulating targeted intervention measures and prevention and control strategies for myopia among students. Methods A cluster-stratified sampling method was adopted to randomly select 5 schools.For three consecutive years,the eyesight of primary and secondary school students in Xinzhou District was examined by the naked eye far-vision test and dynamic refraction test.The detection rate of myopia（short for myopia rate） and its change trend was analyzed.The students above grade four were investigated by questionnaire to explore the main influencing factors of myopia. Results The myopia rate of primary and secondary school students in Xinzhou District varied from 2019 to 2021,which was 50.50%,58.22% and 50.57% respectively.The overall myopia rate in the three years was 53.15%,of which the myopia rate of primary school,middle school and high school students was 36.22%,73.80% and 86.19%（χ²=601.20,P<0.01）.In 2021,the myopia rate of primary school students was lower than that of the previous two years（χ²=34.77,P<0.01）.The overall myopia rate of junior high school students and senior high school students was similar in three years（P>0.05）.The myopia rate of primary school students rose the fastest,and gradually increased with the rise of grade and age.The average myopia growth rate of primary and secondary school students in each grade was 17.82%,and the annual growth rate was 16.77%.The myopia rate of students in primary school,middle school and high school near the graduation grade and the corresponding age stage increased the fastest.The general myopia rate of girls was higher than that of boys（P<0.05）.The univariate analysis found that,in the daily standard eye exercises ≥2 times,the reading and writing sitting posture standard use of eyes was good,the teacher often reminds the attention to reading and writing sitting posture use of eyes,never/occasionally sitting use of electronic screen and lying reading or electronic screen,never/occasionally walking to read or electronic screen,close use of eyes <30 min rest,daily cumulative duration of outdoor activities in school >2 h,weekend outdoor moderate intensity activities accumulated 1 h at least one day,the length of sleep >8 hours per day,myopia of one or both parents and regular visual examination ≥2 times per year,were all protective factors for myopia（all P<0.01）. Conclusions The overall prevalence of myopia in primary and secondary school students in Xinzhou District is high,but there is a significant decline trend in the post-epidemic period.It is urgent to focus on primary and junior high school students for prevention and intervention and to take further comprehensive measures for related influencing factors to prevent students from being myopia,develop myopia later,or worsen myopia more slowly and lightly as much as possible.

Analysis on current situation of quality of mental life among post-00s vocational college students

LIU Xiangling

2024, 40(4):  518-522. 

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Objective To understand and analyze the current situation of quality of mental life among post-00s vocational college students,and provide empirical evidence for promoting their physical and mental health. Methods From September to October 2021,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 900 students from Changsha Environmental Protection Vocational and Technical College and Hunan Sports Vocational and Technical College using the quality of mental life inventory（QOMLI）.SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results The overall self-rated score of quality of mental life among post-00s vocational college students was （84.95±11.05）points.Among the scores of each dimension,the value judgment score was （4.24±0.48）points,the happiness experience score was （3.83±0.69）points,the quality of life score was （3.70±0.65）points,the psychological growth score was （3.65±0.64）points,and the mental health score was （3.24±0.82）points.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that female college students had lower scores in quality of life and psychological growth（B=-0.175,-0.194,both P<0.01）,art students had lower scores in value judgment and mental health（B=-0.123,-0.697,both P<0.05）,rural students had lower scores in quality of life and happiness experience（B=-0.220,-0.142,both P<0.05）,students who served as class cadres had higher scores in value judgment and quality of life（B=0.098,0.152,both P<0.05）,students with left-behind experience had lower scores in mental health（B=-0.195,P<0.05）,students with romantic experience had higher scores in quality of life（B=0.137,P<0.05）,students with harmonious family atmosphere had higher scores in quality of life and happiness experience,while those with poor family atmosphere had lower scores（B=-0.149,-0.353,both P<0.05）; students with high monthly family income had higher scores in mental health（B=0.251,P<0.05）. Conclusion The quality of mental life of vocational college students who are relatively disadvantaged due to rural areas,multiple children,left-behind experience,low family income,and unharmonious family atmosphere deserves attention,and it is necessary to build a good social support system to improve their quality of mental life.

Current situation and correlation between clinical communication skills and occupational burnout among intern nursing students in a tertiary hospital in Changsha City

CHEN Can, ZHOU Caihong

2024, 40(4):  523-527. 

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Objective To understand the current situation of communication ability and burnout among intern nursing students in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Changsha City,to explore the relationship between clinical communication ability and burnout among nursing students,and to provide a basis for clinical and college to reduce burnout among nursing students. Methods A self-designed general information questionnaire,the clinical nurse communication competency ccale and the burnout scale were used to administer questionnaires to 220 practicing nursing students in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Changsha City from April to October 2022,and the data was analyzed. Results The total score of clinical communication ability of intern nursing students was（84.81±13.41）points,burnout dimensions scores were emotional exhaustion[（40.74±7.46）points],the depersonalization dimension[（20.25±5.53）points] and the personal fulfillment dimension[（31.98±5.30）points].Clinical communication skills of intern nursing students were negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization（both P<0.05）.The differences were statistically significant when the clinical communication ability scores of intern nursing students with different education,place of birth,whether they were only child in their family,whether the school had a course related to interpersonal communication,their relationship with clinical instructors,their attitude toward the nursing profession,and whether they had late night shifts（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The clinical communication skills of intern nursing students in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Changsha City are good but burnout is severe,and their emotional exhaustion and depersonalization dimensions are negatively correlated with nursing students’ clinical communication skills,and targeted measures can be taken to improve nursing students' clinical communication skills and thus improve burnout.

Meta-analysis of the relationship between occupational noise exposure and mental health in China

LIU Xiumei, XIANG Dingtao, ZHANG Yang, MEI Yong

2024, 40(4):  528-531. 

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Objective To systematically evaluate the relationship between occupational noise exposure and mental health in China. Methods Through searching the China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）,Weipu database,Wanfang data resource system,the relevant literature on the relationship between occupational noise exposure and mental health that had been publicly published in China were collected,the quality of the literature was screened and evaluated,and RevMan 5.4 software was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 491 relevant articles were retrieved,and 11 articles were included after screening,with a literature inclusion rate of 2.24%.The statistical results showed that noise exposure could affect nine mental health indicators,including physical discomfort,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,sensitivity to interpersonal relationships,depressive symptoms,hostile emotions,anxiety symptoms,fear,paranoia,and psychotic symptoms.The main impact was manifested as physical discomfort,depressive symptoms,and anxiety symptoms.The standardized mean difference（SMD） after combining physical discomfort was 0.46,with a 95%CI of 0.35-0.57;the SMD after combining depressive symptoms was 0.47,with a 95%CI of 0.36-0.58;and the SMD after combining anxiety symptoms was 0.45,with a 95%CI of 0.38-0.52. Conclusion Occupational noise exposure may have a significant impact on workers' mental health,mainly manifested as depressive symptoms,anxiety symptoms,and physical discomfort.

Investigation and Research

Analysis on incidence of occupatinal diseases in Guilin City from 2001 to 2021

BIN Xiaoyan, LI Ling, WU Xuyun

2024, 40(4):  532-536. 

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Objective To analyze the incidence and change trend of occupational diseases in Guilin City,aiming to provide the basic data for the supervision and law enforcement departments,as well as to provide the basis for the formulation of relevant prevention and control policies. Methods The data of occupational disease cases reported in Guilin City from 2001 to 2021 were collected by "China Disease Prevention and Control Information System",and the types of diseases,basic conditions,industry categories and enterprise scale of the cases were analyzed. Results Totally 216 cases of occupational diseases were reported in Guilin City from 2001 to 2021,including occupational pneumoconiosis and other respiratory diseases（132 cases）,followed by occupational chemical poisoning（50 cases）,occupational eye diseases（17 cases）,occupational otorhinolaryngological diseases（14 cases） and occupational diseases caused by physical factors（3 cases）.The incidence of occupational diseases was significantly different in different regions（P<0.05）. The proportions of occupational diseases in different industries,economic categories and enterprise sizes were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Conclusions The incidence of occupational diseases has decreased in recent years in Guilin City.The supervision and guidance of occupational health in mining industry and manufacturing industry should be strengthen .

Health Management and Research

Research on equity of health human resources in disease control and prevention institutions in Guangdong Province based on HRAD-GIS

GUO Shanshan, WANG Qian, PENG Haosheng, DU Jinlin, ZHAI Fangming

2024, 40(4):  537-542. 

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Objective To analyze the temporal and spatial changes of health human resources in disease control and prevention institutions in Guangdong Province from 2013 to 2021,and to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the allocation of health human resources in disease control and prevention institutions in Guangdong Province. Methods The spatial and temporal distribution changes of health human resources in disease control institutions in Guangdong Province from 2013 to 2021 were evaluated by the relative development rate and agglomeration degree,and visualized by ArcGIS 10.8. Results The total health human resources of disease control and prevention institutions in Guangdong Province increased slightly,but the number of staff in disease control institutions still did not meet the requirements in the staffing（1.75/10 000）.In different periods,affected by economic and policy factors,the growth rate of all kinds of health human resources in each economic region was different,and the allocation differences among the four economic regions were large.The geographical accessibility of health human resources in the Pearl River Delta and the eastern wing was generally better than that in the western wing and mountainous areas,but the relative population allocation was insufficient,while the western wing and mountainous areas were relatively overpopulated. Conclusion Although the health human resources of disease control institutions in Guangdong Province have increased slightly,they still face problems such as the lack of health human resources and the poor fairness of allocation among regions.It is suggested to strengthen the construction of disease control talent team,complement the short board of professional talents,comprehensively consider health resource allocation indicators from multiple angles,and explore a new mode of regional resource allocation.

Correlation analysis between the current situation and needs of ability enhancement training for health personnel in Xinjiang based on PLS-SEM structural equation model

ZHAO Wenjie, LI Yonghong

2024, 40(4):  543-546. 

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Objective To investigate the current situation of the professional ability of health workers in Xinjiang,the demand for ability improvement and the influencing factors,and explore their correlation,so as to provide reference for further improving the construction of the ability improvement system of health workers. Methods From September 2021 to July 2022,a convenient sampling method was used to select 768 health personnel from 7 regions and 42 medical institutions in southern,northern,and eastern Xinjiang from different departments to conduct a questionnaire survey on the "Current Situation and Needs of Health Technical Personnel Ability Improvement Training Questionnaire",and the data were analyzed. Results The current situation of the ability improvement of health personnel was mainly affected by the factors that affect the selection of training and the training content,accounting for 22.6% and 19.7%respectively.The demand for capacity improvement of health personnel was mainly affected by the training content and lecturers,accounting for 27.8% and 22.6% respectively.The current situation of capacity improvement of health personnel had a direct impact on the demand for capacity improvement,and the motivation for capacity improvement of health personnel had an indirect impact on the demand for capacity improvement. Conclusions Health workers in Xinjiang have an urgent need for capacity improvement,and the training content and form need to be enriched.We should be demand-oriented,build a diversified capacity improvement system,and provide talent guarantee for the development of health industry in Xinjiang.

Overview

Research progress on healthy effects of herbicide atrazine exposure on human and other mammal

BAI Yanan, ZHOU Rong, XING Weiwei, YU Yue, DAI Chuanchao, BU Yuanqing

2024, 40(4):  547-553. 

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Objective Atrazine（ATZ） is a triazine herbicide widely used in the world.Residues of ATZ have been detected in water bodies in regions with a history of ATZ use.If it is used in excess for a long time,ATZ and its main degradation substances in the environment will be transferred through the food chain,which has potential toxic effects on the reproductive development,endocrine,nervous,immune and genetic systems of humans and other mammals,and then induce cancer.Therefore,this paper mainly reviews the research progress of ATZ exposure on human and other mammalian reproductive development,endocrine,nervous,immune,genetic system and potential carcinogenicity,and prospects the environmental health risks of ATZ use,and puts forward environmental management suggestions of ATZ,which is of great significance to further strengthen the use of ATZ.

Functions and development direction of traditional occupational health service institutions under the new situation

YANG Jing, HUANG Ji

2024, 40(4):  554-558. 

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Since the promulgation of the law of the People's Republic of China on the prevention and control of occupational diseases,it has undergone four revisions.Each revision will be adjusted and updated according to the prevention and control strategies of occupational diseases in different periods to continuously promote the prevention and control of occupational diseases in China.Since the first revision of the law of the People's Republic of China on the prevention and control of occupational diseases,the administration of work safety has fully taken over the occupational health supervision and management responsibilities of the employer,and then the marketization of occupational health services has prompted a large number of private institutions to rush into the occupational health technology service industry,constantly impacting the traditional occupational health service institutions.This paper summarizes the current situation of the development of traditional occupational health service institutions,summarizes the functions and positioning of traditional occupational health service institutions in China's occupational health service system after the promulgation of the law of the people's Republic of China on the prevention and control of occupational diseases,analyzes the status of traditional occupational health service institutions in the prevention and control of occupational diseases and the new problems they face under the current situation,and explores and studies them in combination with China's basic national conditions,clarify the development direction of traditional occupational health service institutions in the new situation,and put forward a new model of occupational health service system.

Research progress on sense of professional respect of nurses

NING Hongtong, LUO Yazhi, WANG Shanshan

2024, 40(4):  559-562. 

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The continuous advancement of the ‘Healthy China 2030’ strategy has put forward important requirements for the allocation of nurses’ human resources.However，due to the high work pressure and the tense relationship between nurses and patients，nurses are prone to higher job burnout and turnover intention.The sense of professional respect can stimulate nurses to have strong professional development motivation，which plays an important role in maintaining the stability of nursing human resources.This paper reviews the overview，antecedent variables and outcome variables of professional respect，in order to provide reference for improving nurses' professional respect.

Research progress on nurses' job burnout from the perspective of resource conservation theory

HAN Xiaoxuan, ZHANG Chao, LIU Yue, YANG Guodong, XU Cuiping

2024, 40(4):  563-567. 

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Most nurses face pressure issues such as salary,promotion,and workplace violence in their work,which leads to a decrease in work enthusiasm and interference in their psychological resilience.During this process,nurses gradually experience an increase in professional burnout,which in turn affects their work status and nursing quality.The conservation of resources（COR） theory is used to solve conflicts and contradictions in the context of stress.Based on the COR theory,this article reviews the evaluation tools,domestic and foreign situations,antecedent variables,and outcome variables of nurse occupational burnout,analyzes intervention strategies for alleviating occupational burnout in the future,and provides human resource management strategies for hospital managers and relevant departments to improve nurse occupational identity and benefits through theoretical guidance and practice.

Research progress on rapid detection methods for Bacillus cereus

SU Airong, ZHUGE Shiyang, WANG Hong, LAN Lan

2024, 40(4):  568-571. 

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Bacillus cereus is an opportunistic foodborne pathogen that causes food poisoning.Establishing a rapid and accurate detection methods for Bacillus cereus is crucial for the prevention and treatment of foodborne diseases.In recent years,emerging rapid methods such as molecular detection,biosensors,and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry have been rapidly applied to detect Bacillus cereus.This article provides a review of the research progress of these methods,providing a reference basis for further in-depth research.

Research progress on mental health of military personnel from the perspective of positive psychology

WEI Wenwen, ZHANG Lixia, LIU Xufeng, WU Shengjun

2024, 40(4):  572-576. 

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The mental health of military personnel can make a great impact on individual development,military construction,and even national security.Positive psychology,as a subject focusing on individual positive traits and developmental potential,has a more positive protective and promoting effect on the mental health of soldiers.This article provides a new perspective on maintaining the mental health of military personnel by summarizing the role of positive psychology in maintaining their mental health.