关键词: 综合风险评估, 胶合板企业, 职业病危害, 特征分析

Abstract: Objective Through the comprehensive risk assessment of occupational hazards in six plywood enterprises in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,to understand the characteristics of occupational hazards,explore the advantages and disadvantages of the comprehensive risk assessment methods,so as to provide basis for the classified management of occupational health in enterprises. Methods From April to September 2023,six plywood enterprises in three cities with a high distribution of plywood enterprises in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were selected as the research objects. The types and nature of occupational hazard factors,exposure level,number of contacts and occupational health management status of the enterprises were collected,and the comprehensive risk assessment method of occupational hazard was used for comprehensive assessment. Results Six plywood enterprises all had occupational hazard factors exceeding the standard,and the occupational hazard risk level was assessed as level Ⅲ. The over-standard rate was 9.75%（4/41） for wood dust（hard）,50.00%（11/22） for formaldehyde,50.00%（1/2） for benzene,27.77%（15/54） for noise,and 8.33%（1/12） for high temperature. Six plywood enterprises all had varying degrees of occupational health management deficiencies,of which five enterprises had qualified key items（one or more）,and occupational health management level was evaluated as level C. The results of the comprehensive risk assessment of occupational hazards showed that one enterprise is Class B in comprehensive risk category,and other five enterprises are Class C（high risk） in comprehensive risk category. Conclusions The six plywood enterprises have the characteristics of multiple types of occupational hazards,large number of contacts,long exposure time,and high exposure level. The occupational health monitoring of the six plywood enterprises have different degrees of management problems,and it is impossible to collect complete occupational health monitoring data to accurately verify the comprehensive risk assessment results. The comprehensive risk assessment method of occupational hazards has its own defects. If it is to be applied and promoted,the assessment method should be improved and corresponding supervision and management mechanism should be introduced to ensure the authenticity and reliability of data.

Key words: Comprehensive risk assessment, Plywood enterprises, Occupational hazard, Characteristic analysis