关键词: 中小学生, 视力不良, 影响因素, 回归分析, 干预措施

Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of primary and middle school students' poor eyesight in Longwen District of Zhangzhou,in order to provide a scientific basis for further effective prevention and control of students' poor eyesight. Methods In 2022,a stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1 826 primary and secondary school students from 6 schools for questionnaire survey and visual acuity examination,and the data were analyzed. Results The overall rate of poor eyesight among 1 826 primary and middle school students was 77.27%, with a higher rate among girls（83.13%） than boys（71.57%）（χ²=34.744,P<0.01）. The rates of poor eyesight among primary school students,junior high school students,and senior high school students were 62.92%,75.14%,and 91.70%,respectively,with statistically significant differences（χ²=151.402, P<0.01）. The rate of poor eyesight,myopia and the severity of poor eyesight were gradually increased with the rise of grade（χ²_trend=162.149,258.824,191.239,all P<0.01）. Frequently or consistently reading and writing with eyes more than one foot away from the book（OR=0.689,95%CI：0.540-0.879）,daily outdoor activity duration ≥ 1 hour（1-<2 h OR=0.614,95%CI：0.446-0.845;≥2 h OR=0.685,95%CI：0.475-0.985） were the protective factors for poor eyesight,while girl（OR=2.174,95%CI：1.701-2.778）,junior high school and above（junior high school OR=1.579,95%CI：1.164-2.141;senior high school OR=5.894,95%CI：3.928-8.844）,spending ≥1 h on homework after school（1-<2 h OR=1.644,95%CI：1.193-2.267;≥2 h OR=1.564,95%CI：1.085-2.254） and at least one parent had myopia（single parental myopia OR=2.010,95%CI：1.516-2.666;double parental myopia OR=5.833,95%CI：2.938-11.578） were the risk factors for poor eyesight. Conclusion In 2022,the problem of poor eyesight among primary and middle school students in Longwen District of Zhangzhou City is prominent. Students' eyesight is affected by genetic factors,bad eye habits and duration,etc. It is recommended to strengthen the cooperation among families,schools,society and other parties,establish a comprehensive prevention and control system in terms of rational use of eyes and outdoor activities,focus on prevention and control of key groups,in order to comprehensively and accurately prevent and control the problem of students' poor eyesight and thus improve the visual condition of students.

Key words: Primary and middle school students, Poor eyesight, Influencing factors, Regression analysis, Intervention measures