职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (16): 2240-2245.

• 论著—流行病学与预防保健 • 上一篇    下一篇

2005—2024年成都市法定传染病发病趋势分析

涂芷菡, 刘云升, 胡敏, 王瑶, 张双, 刘辉()   

  1. 成都市疾病预防控制中心(成都市卫生监督所)四川 成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-25 修回日期:2026-01-26 出版日期:2026-08-15 发布日期:2026-08-10
  • 通信作者: 刘辉,E-mail:413470376@qq.com
  • 作者简介:涂芷菡,女,主管医师,主要从事传染病监测预警工作。
  • 基金资助:
    成都市科技重点研发支持计划重大及应用示范项目(2021-YF09-00061-SN);中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程(2023-I2M-3-011)

Analysis on incidence trends of notifiable infectious diseases in Chengdu from 2005 to 2024

TU Zhihan, LIU Yunsheng, HU Min, WANG Yao, ZHANG Shuang, LIU Hui()   

  1. Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chengdu Health Supervision Institute)ChengduSichuan 610041, China
  • Received:2025-09-25 Revised:2026-01-26 Online:2026-08-15 Published:2026-08-10
  • Contact: LIU Hai,E-mail:413470376@qq.com

摘要:

目的 分析2005—2024年成都市法定报告传染病发病趋势,为成都市传染病防控措施制定提供参考。方法 收集整理2005—2024年成都市法定传染病数据,采用发病率比(incidence rate ratio,IRR)比较法定传染病发病率差异。通过Joinpoint回归模型分析成都市法定传染病发病率的平均年度变化百分比(average annual percentage change,AAPC)和年度变化百分比(annual percentage change,APC),描述分析法定传染病发病的人群分布和季节特征。结果 2005—2024年成都市累计报告法定传染病37种2 404 292例,年均发病率792.74/10万,报告死亡病例6 528例,死亡率2.15/10万。2005—2024年成都市法定传染病发病率整体呈上升趋势(AAPC=6.82%,95%CI:1.56%~12.19%);传播方式主要以呼吸道传染病为主,发病率整体呈上升趋势(AAPC=13.46%,95%CI:7.87%~20.35%)。法定传染病男性发病率高于女性(IRR=1.191,95%CI:1.187~1.194),且发病以<10岁人群为主。甲乙类传染病发病高峰为春夏季,丙类传染病发病高峰为冬春季。按传播途径划分,肠道传染病在夏季和冬季出现高峰,呼吸道传染病高发于冬春季,自然疫源性和虫媒传染病主要在夏季高发,而血源及性传播传染病则无明显的季节性变化。结论 2005—2024年成都市甲乙丙类法定传染病发病率呈上升趋势,发病以呼吸道传染病为主,男性发病率高于女性,发病人群以<10岁人群为主,呼吸道、肠道及自然疫源性虫媒传染病发病具有明显季节特征。应持续优化并扩大国家免疫规划疫苗的接种策略,从传播环节上有效阻断疫情在儿童集体单位中的扩散与蔓延。

关键词: 成都市, 法定传染病, 趋势分析, 传播途径, 发病率

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the incidence trends of notifiable infectious diseases in Chengdu from 2005 to 2024,and to provide reference for the formulation of infectious disease prevention and control measures in Chengdu. Methods The data of notifiable infectious diseases in Chengdu from 2005 to 2024 were collected,and the difference of incidence rate of notifiable infectious diseases was compared by incidence rate ratio(IRR). The Joinpoint regression model was employed to analyze the average annual percentage change(AAPC) and annual percentage change(APC) in the incidence of notifiable infectious diseases in Chengdu. Descriptive analysis was conducted on the population distribution and seasonal characteristics of the incidence of notifiable infectious diseases. Results From 2005 to 2024,a total of 37 types of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Chengdu,with 2 404 292 cases and an average annual incidence rate of 792.74 per 100 000. There were 6 528 reported deaths,with a mortality rate of 2.15 per 100 000. From 2005 to 2024,the incidence rate of notifiable infectious diseases in Chengdu showed an overall upward trend(AAPC=6.82%,95%CI:1.56%-12.19%).The main mode of transmission was respiratory infectious diseases,and the overall incidence rate showed an upward trend(AAPC=13.46%,95%CI:7.87%-20.35%).The incidence rate of notifiable infectious diseases was higher in males than in females(IRR=1.191,95%CI:1.187-1.194),and the main affected population was those under 10 years old. The peak incidence months for Class A and B infectious diseases were spring and summer,while for Class C infectious diseases,they were winter and spring. By transmission route,intestinal infectious diseases peaked in summer and winter,respiratory infectious diseases were highly prevalent in winter and spring,naturally transmitted and vector-borne infectious diseases mainly had a high incidence in summer,while blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases showed no obvious seasonal changes. Conclusion From 2005 to 2024,the incidence rates of Classes A,B,and C notifiable infectious diseases in Chengdu showed a significant upward trend,with respiratory infections being the predominant disease category. The incidence rate was higher in males than in females,and the main affected population was those under 10 years old. Respiratory,intestinal,and natural foci and vector-borne infectious diseases had obvious seasonal characteristics.It is essential to continuously optimize and expand the vaccination strategy under the National Immunization Program,in order to effectively block the transmission chain and curb the spread of outbreaks in collective child care settings.

Key words: Chengdu City, Notifiable infectious diseases, Trend analysis, Route of transmission, Incidence rate

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