职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 312-316.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海市金山区不同行业工作场所苯系物监测分析

吴云, 姚莉弘, 周雪松, 吴晓斌, 叶玉龙()   

  1. 上海市金山区疾病预防控制中心上海 200540
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-05 修回日期:2025-07-16 出版日期:2026-02-01 发布日期:2026-03-06
  • 通信作者: 叶玉龙,E-mail:yeyulong99@163.com
  • 作者简介:吴云,男,主管技师,主要从事卫生检验工作。

Monitoring and analysis of benzene series compounds in workplaces of different industries in Jinshan District of Shanghai City

WU Yun, YAO Lihong, ZHOU Xuesong, WU Xiaobin, YE Yulong()   

  1. Shanghai Jinshan District Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghai 200540,China
  • Received:2025-06-05 Revised:2025-07-16 Online:2026-02-01 Published:2026-03-06
  • Contact: YE Yulong,E-mail:yeyulong99@163.com

摘要:

目的 了解上海市金山区工作场所苯系物浓度水平,掌握不同行业工作场所苯系物种类和浓度特点,为制定职业病防控策略提供依据。方法 对2023—2024年金山区涉苯系物40家企业进行定点与个体采样,气相色谱法检测,比较定点与个体采样结果,分析不同行业苯系物的种类和浓度特点。结果 共监测40家企业,2023年合格率为70.0%,2024年合格率为75.0%(P>0.05)。在定点采样中,甲苯合格率(99.3%)高于二甲苯合格率(82.4%)(P<0.05);在个体采样中,4种苯系物全部合格。苯与甲苯的个体采样检出率高于定点采样,化学品制造业、家具制造业、金属制品业、汽车制造业、橡胶和塑料制品业定点采样浓度比个体采样高。超标采样点主要分布在化学品制造业、汽车制造业。在所有监测行业中甲苯、乙苯与二甲苯检出率较高。医药制造业只有甲苯检出率较高;汽车制造业、家具制造业二甲苯浓度较高;橡胶和塑料制品业甲苯浓度较高;医药制造业、印刷业所有苯系物浓度均较低。苯检出率低于其他3种苯系物,所有行业苯浓度均较低。结论 上海市金山区苯系物监测个体采样合格率100.0%,劳动者苯系物职业暴露风险低。超标结果均来自定点采样数据,应加强企业定点采样监测,重点关注化学品制造业,并根据不同行业特点制定监测方案。

关键词: 苯系物, 工作场所, 定点采样, 个体采样, 行业

Abstract:

Objective To understand the concentration levels of benzene series substances in workplaces in Jinshan District of Shanghai City,and to grasp the types and concentration characteristics of benzene series substances in different industries' workplaces,providing a basis for formulating occupational disease prevention and control strategies. Methods Fixed-point and individual sampling were conducted in 40 enterprises involving benzene series substances in Jinshan District from 2023 to 2024,and the substances were detected by gas chromatography. The results of fixed-point and individual sampling were compared,and the types and concentration characteristics of benzene series substances in different industries were analyzed. Results A total of 40 enterprises were monitored. The pass rate was 70.0% in 2023 and 75.0% in 2024(P>0.05). In the fixed-point sampling,the pass rate of toluene(99.3%) was higher than that of xylene(82.4%)(P<0.05). In the individual sampling,all four benzene series substances were qualified. The detection rate of benzene and toluene in individual sampling were higher than that in fixed-point sampling. The concentration of fixed-point sampling in the chemical manufacturing industry,furniture manufacturing industry,metal products industry,automotive manufacturing industry,and rubber and plastic products industry were higher than that of individual sampling. The over-standard sampling points were mainly distributed in the chemical manufacturing industry and automotive manufacturing industry. Among all the monitored industries,the detection rates of toluene,ethylbenzene and xylene were relatively high. Only toluene had a relatively high detection rate in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. The concentration of xylene was relatively high in the automotive manufacturing industry and furniture manufacturing industry,while the concentration of toluene was relatively high in the rubber and plastic products industry. The concentration of all benzene series substances was relatively low in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry and printing industry. The detection rate of benzene was lower than that of the other three benzene series substances,and the concentration of benzene was relatively low in all industries. Conclusion The qualified rate of individual sampling for benzene series monitoring in Jinshan District of Shanghai City is 100.0%,and the occupational exposure risk of benzene series in workers is low. The results of exceeding the standard are all from the fixed point sampling data,so the fixed point sampling and monitoring of enterprises should be strengthened. Focus on the chemical manufacturing industry and develop monitoring programs according to the characteristics of different industries.

Key words: Benzene series, Workplace, Fixed-point sampling, Individual sampling, Industry

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