职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 363-367.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

临床护士心理弹性与工作环境、大五人格、应对方式的关系分析

汪迎春, 张倩, 柳晶, 周晓明, 袁琪, 姜海燕()   

  1. 鄂州市中心医院湖北 鄂州 436000
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-12 修回日期:2025-06-09 出版日期:2026-02-01 发布日期:2026-03-06
  • 通信作者: 姜海燕,E-mail:2862066429@qq.com
  • 作者简介:汪迎春,女,副主任护师,主要从事护理管理工作。

Analysis of the relationship between psychological resilience and work environment,big five personality traits,and coping styles among clinical nurses

WANG Yingchun, ZHANG Qian, LIU Jing, ZHOU Xiaoming, YUAN Qi, JIANG Haiyan()   

  1. Ezhou Central HospitalEzhouHubei 436000,China
  • Received:2025-05-12 Revised:2025-06-09 Online:2026-02-01 Published:2026-03-06
  • Contact: JIANG Haiyan,E-mail:2862066429@qq.com

摘要:

目的 了解湖北省东南地区临床护士心理弹性现况及影响因素,并分析临床护士心理弹性、工作环境和大五人格及应对方式的关系,为制定临床护士的心理弹性干预方案提供循证依据。方法 2023年9—12月,采用横断面研究,选取湖北省东南地区773名临床护士作为调查对象,以环境-个体互动心理弹性模型作为理论指导,采用一般资料调查表、心理弹性量表、大五人格量表、护理工作环境量表、短式应对方式问卷进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 773名临床护士心理弹性总分为(73.59±18.66)分,乐观、力量和坚韧维度得分为(11.70±3.16)、(22.52±5.89)和(37.37±10.38)分。心理弹性及其各维度得分与护理工作环境及各维度之间均呈正相关(均P<0.05);心理弹性及其各维度得分与大五人格特质中的开放性、尽职性、外向性、宜人性维度得分均呈正相关(均P<0.05),与神经质维度呈负相关(P<0.05);心理弹性及其各维度得分与应对方式的2个维度得分均呈正相关(均P<0.05)。大五人格中的神经质、开放性和宜人性,积极应对方式、护理工作环境中的充足人力及责任感均是临床护士心理弹性的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 临床护士心理弹性处于中上水平,护理管理者应关注临床护士的个体人格特征、优化护理工作环境、培养积极的应对方式,构建从个体到环境全方位、多视角科学有效、针对性强的护士心理弹性干预方案,提高临床护士心理弹性,促进护士的心理健康。

关键词: 临床护士, 心理弹性, 工作环境, 大五人格, 应对方式

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of psychological resilience among clinical nurses in the southeastern region of Hubei Province,and analyze the relationships between psychological resilience,work environment,big five personality traits,and coping styles,in order to provide evidence-based support for developing targeted interventions of psychological resilience for clinical nurses. Methods From September to December 2023,a cross-sectional study was conducted on 773 clinical nurses in the southeastern region of Hubei Province. Guided by the environment-individual interaction resilience model,the questionnaire survey were conducted using the general information questionnaire,Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC),the big five personality traits inventory-Chinese version(TIPI-C),practice environment scale of the nursing work index, and simplified coping style questionnaire(SCSQ),and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of psychological resilience was (73.59±18.66)points,with scores of (11.70±3.16),(22.52±5.89) and (37.37±10.38)points in the three dimensions of optimism, strength,and tenacity. The scores of psychological resilience and its various dimensions were positively correlated with the nursing work environment and its various dimensions(all P<0.05). The scores of psychological resilience and its various dimensions were positively correlated with the scores of openness,conscientiousness,extro-version,and agreeableness dimensions in the big five personality traits(all P<0.05),and negatively correlated with the neuroticism dimension(all P<0.05). The scores of psychological resilience and its various dimensions were positively correlated with the scores of the two dimensions of positive coping styles(all P<0.05). Neuroticism,openness,and agreeableness in the big five personality traits,positive coping,adequate staffing,and workplace responsibility were all independent influencing factors of clinical nurses' psychological resilience(all P<0.05). Conclusion The psychological resilience of clinical nurses is at an above average level. Nursing administrators should pay attention to the individual personality traits of clinical nurses,optimize the nursing work environment,cultivate positive coping styles,and construct a comprehensive,multi perspective,scientifically effective,and targeted psychological resilience interventions for nurses from an individual to the environment,in order to improve the psychological resilience of clinical nurses and promote their mental health.

Key words: Clinical nurses, Psychological resilience, Work environment, Big five personality traits, Coping styles

中图分类号: