职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 379-384.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2023年锡林郭勒盟镶黄旗中小学生伤害行为及相关因素分析

刘曜1, 杨佳佳2, 朱培飞1, 郑会秋1, 邢美琪1, 王艳玲1()   

  1. 1.内蒙古医科大学内蒙古 呼和浩特 010059
    2.内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟镶黄旗疾病预防控制中心内蒙古 锡林郭勒 013250
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-12 修回日期:2025-07-01 出版日期:2026-02-01 发布日期:2026-03-06
  • 通信作者: 王艳玲,E-mail:ylwang1624@163.com
  • 作者简介:刘曜,男,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为儿童少年卫生学。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2020MS08041);内蒙古卫生计生项目(202202125)

Analysis of injurious behavior and related factors of primary and secondary school students in Xianghuangqi,Xilin Gol League in 2023

LIU Yao1, YANG Jiajia2, ZHU Peifei1, ZHENG Huiqiu1, XING Meiqi1, WANG Yanling1()   

  1. 1. Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotInner Mongolia 010059,China
    2. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Xilin Gol League and Xianghuangqi Centre for Disease Control and PreventionXilin Gol LeagueInner Mongolia 013250,China
  • Received:2025-05-12 Revised:2025-07-01 Online:2026-02-01 Published:2026-03-06
  • Contact: WANG Yanling,E-mail:ylwang1624@163.com

摘要:

目的 了解锡林郭勒盟镶黄旗中小学生伤害流行现况及其相关因素,为探究儿童伤害行之有效的干预措施提供参考。方法 采用方便抽样的方法,2023年9—12月选取内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟镶黄旗范围内的2所小学、2所初中和1所高中,共计1 252名中小学学生进行伤害相关行为及影响因素的相关调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 1 252名学生中存在伤害相关行为的有749人,发生率为59.8%;伤害相关行为发生率由高到低分别为步行违规(32.7%)、校园欺凌(28.4%)、家庭欺凌(21.2%)、非安全场所游泳(4.2%)。56名调查对象曾发生≥3种伤害相关行为,占4.5%;216名调查对象曾发生2种伤害相关行为,占17.3%;478名调查对象发生过1种伤害相关行为,占38.2%。吸烟(OR=2.524,95%CI:1.223~5.211)、饮酒(OR=2.049,95%CI:1.388~3.024)和被动吸烟(OR=1.290,95%CI:1.009~1.649)均是步行违规的危险因素;在非安全场所游泳中住校(OR=2.482,95%CI:1.244~4.955)和吸烟(OR=4.797,95%CI:1.870~12.304)均为危险因素,学段为初中(OR=0.435, 95%CI:0.217~0.871)和高中(OR=0.293,95%CI:0.109~0.785)均为保护因素;家庭欺凌中,被动吸烟(OR=1.684,95%CI:1.259~2.252)、饮酒(OR=2.766,95%CI:1.797~4.259)均为危险因素,初中(OR=0.629,95%CI:0.461~0.857)、高中学段(OR=0.292,95%CI:0.183~0.467)均为其保护因素;在校园欺凌中学段为高中为保护因素(OR=0.361,95%CI:0.245~0.531)。结论 锡林郭勒盟镶黄旗中小学生伤害相关行为流行率较高,其中步行违规行为发生率最高,并存在多种伤害行为并存现象。对该地中小学生伤害相关行为干预重点对象应放在学段为小学、住校生、吸烟、被动吸烟、饮酒者。

关键词: 中小学生, 伤害相关行为, 影响因素

Abstract:

Objective To understand the current situation and related factors of injury-related behaviors among primary and secondary school students in Xianghuangqi,Xilin Gol League,and provide reference for exploring effective intervention measures for childhood injuries. Methods From September to December 2023,a convenience sampling method was used to select 1 252 primary and secondary school students in Xianghuangqi,Xilin Gol League,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,including 2 primary schools,2 junior high schools,and 1 high school,to conduct a survey on injury-related behaviors and influencing factors,and the data were analyzed. Results Injury-related behaviors were present in 749 of 1 252 students,with an incidence rate of 59.8%. The incidence rates of injury-related behaviors from high to low were walking violation(32.7%),school bullying(28.4%),family bullying(21.2%),and swimming in unsafe sites(4.2%). 56 survey respondents(4.5%) had experienced three or more injury-related behaviors,216 survey respondents(17.3%) had experienced two injury-related behaviors,and 478 survey respondents(38.2%) had experienced one injury-related behavior. Smoking(OR=2.524,95%CI:1.223-5.211),alcohol consumption(OR=2.049,95%CI:1.388-3.024),and passive smoking(OR=1.290,95%CI:1.009-1.649) were the risk factors for walking violations. Residency(OR=2.482,95%CI:1.244-4.955) and smoking(OR=4.797,95%CI:1.870-12.304) were both risk factors for swimming in unsafe sites,while middle school(OR=0.435,95%CI:0.217-0.871) and high school(OR=0.293,95%CI:0.109-0.785) were both protective factors for swimming in unsafe sites. In family bullying,passive smoking(OR=1.684,95%CI:1.259-2.252) and alcohol consumption(OR=2.766,95%CI:1.797-4.259) were both risk factors,while middle school(OR=0.629,95%CI:0.461-0.857) and high school(OR=0.292,95%CI:0.183-0.467) were both protective factors. In school bullying,high school was the protective factor(OR=0.361,95%CI:0.245-0.531). Conclusion The prevalence of injury-related behaviors among primary and secondary school students in Xianghuangqi,Xilin Gol League is high,with the highest incidence of walking violations and the coexistence of multiple injurious behaviors. Injury-related behavior interventions for primary and secondary school students in this area should be focused on primary school students,resident students,smokers,passive smokers,and alcohol drinkers.

Key words: Primary and secondary school students, Injury-related behaviors, Influencing factors

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