基于健康中国战略构建公共卫生医师岗位胜任力模型

职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 1104-1108.

基于健康中国战略构建公共卫生医师岗位胜任力模型

欧阳孔鹏¹^,², 林晓转¹^,³, 郭红辉¹()

¹ 广东医科大学，广东东莞 523808
² 东莞市大朗镇社区卫生服务中心，广东东莞 523770
³ 东莞市大朗医院，广东东莞 523770

收稿日期:2025-05-08 修回日期:2025-05-19 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-05-18
通信作者: 郭红辉，E-mail：guohh1999@gdmu.edu.cn
作者简介:欧阳孔鹏，男，医师，主要从事疾病预防控制工作。
基金资助:
广东省研究生教育创新计划项目(2021JGXM057)

Establishment of a competency model for public health physicians based on Healthy China Strategy

OUYANG Kongpong¹^,², LIN Xiaozhuan¹^,³, GUO Honghui¹()

¹ Guangdong Medical University， Dongguan， Guangdong 523808， China
² Dalang Community Health Services Center， Dongguan， Guangdong 523770， China
³ Dalang Hospital， Dongguan， Guangdong 523770， China

Received:2025-05-08 Revised:2025-05-19 Online:2026-04-15 Published:2026-05-18
Contact: GUO Honghui，E-mail：guohh1999@gdmu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的建立能够满足健康中国战略需要的公共卫生医师岗位胜任力模型，为高层次应用型公共卫生人才培养提供参考。方法以公共卫生医师为对象，运用文献研究法、问卷调查法及主成分分析法，对岗位胜任力要素进行分析，构建公共卫生医师岗位胜任力模型。调查问卷收集的时间为2022年11月1日—12月18日，有效问卷506份。结果构成要素包括6个公因子，并将其分别命名为个人素质、公共卫生实践技能、公共卫生知识、卓越技能、科研技能、媒体应对与思考能力，KMO统计量为0.955，Bartlett球形检验χ² 值为26 752.187，自由度为1 326，显著性P<0.05，累计贡献率为70.38%。结论公共卫生医师岗位胜任力模型具有优质的拟合度，能够在公共卫生医师队伍的培养、组建过程中，给予新的视角，为公共卫生执业医师准入考核、公共卫生机构招聘、人才培养、人员晋升与绩效考评、薪酬设计和人才激励提供参考依据。

关键词: 公共卫生医师, 岗位胜任力, 主成分分析

Abstract:

Objective To establish a competency model for public health physicians that meets the needs of the Healthy China Strategy，provide a reference for cultivating high-level applied public health professionals. Methods The research analyzed the core competencies factors of public health physician using public health physicians as subjects. It is based upon literature study，questionnaire method and principal component analysis to construct a model of the competencies for public health physician. The questionnaires were collected from November 1，2022 to December 18，2022，and 506 valid questionnaires were obtained. Results There were six common factors of the model，including personal qualities，public health practice skills，public health knowledge，excellent skills，scientific research skills，media response and thinking ability. The KMO value was 0.955，the Bartlett sphericity test χ² value was 26 752.187，the degree of freedom was 1 326，the significance was P<0.05，and the cumulative contribution rate was 70.38%. Conclusion The competency model for public health physicians has a high degree of fit，which can provide new perspectives in the training and formation process of the public health physician team，and provide reference for the admission assessment of public health practitioners，recruitment of public health institutions，talent cultivation，personnel promotion and performance evaluation，salary design，and talent incentives.

Key words: Public health physician, Competency, Principal component analysis

中图分类号:

R192

欧阳孔鹏, 林晓转, 郭红辉. 基于健康中国战略构建公共卫生医师岗位胜任力模型. [J]职业与健康, 2026, 42(8): 1104-1108.

OUYANG Kongpong, LIN Xiaozhuan, GUO Honghui. Establishment of a competency model for public health physicians based on Healthy China Strategy. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2026, 42(8): 1104-1108.

图/表 3

参考文献 25

[1]	中华人民共和国国务院. 国务院关于实施健康中国行动的意见[EB/OL].(2019-06-24)[2025-03-24]. https://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2019/content_5416157.htm.
[2]	中共中央, 中华人民共和国国务院.中共中央国务院印发《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》[EB/OL].(2019-06-24)[2025-03-24]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2016-10/25/content_5124174.htm.
[3]	中华人民共和国国务院. 国务院办公厅关于印发“十四五”国民健康规划的通知[EB/OL].(2022-04-27)[2025-03-24]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2022-05/20/content_5691424.htm.
[4]	中华人民共和国国务院. 关于进一步完善医疗卫生服务体系的意见[EB/OL].(2023-03-23)[2025-03-24]. https://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2023/content_5750620.htm.
[5]	MCCLELLAND D C. Testing for competence rather than for "intelligence"[J]. Am Psychol, 1973, 28(1):1-14. DOI PMID
[6]	李延萍. 公共卫生体系建设面临挑战更迎来转机[J]. 中国卫生, 2020, 26(3):85-86.
[7]	常文娟. 天津市公共卫生医师岗位胜任力模型构建研究[D]. 天津: 天津医科大学, 2018.
[8]	Council on Linkages Between Academia and Public Health Practice. Core Competencies for Public Health Professionals[EB/OL].(2014-06-26)[2025-03-24]. http://www.phf.org/resourcestools/Documents/CoreCompetenciesforPublicHealthProfessionals2014June.
[9]	NED-SYKES R, JOHNSON C, RIDDERHOF J C, et al. Competency guidelines for public health laboratory professionals:CDC and the association of public health laboratories[J]. MMWR Suppl, 2015, 64(1):1-81.
[10]	D'ANDREA E, LUCARONI F, PARENTE P, et al. What are the competencies that public health physician should have today? A proposal for a shared training program at three Hygiene and Preventive Medicine residency training schools in Rome[J]. Ig Sanita Pubbl, 2016, 72(2):107-117.
[11]	SUAREZ CONEJERO J E, LISTOYSKY G, MAGANA VALLADARES L, et al. Core competencies for public health teaching:regional framework for the Americas[J]. Rev Panam Salud Publica, 2023, 47(11):e137.
[12]	SHI L, FAN L, XIAO H, et al. Constructing a general competency model for Chinese public health physicians:a qualitative and quantitative study[J]. Eur J Public Health, 2019, 29(6):1184-1191. DOI URL
[13]	刘丹丹, 白丽, 崔光成. 突发公共卫生事件背景下基层公共卫生人才岗位胜任力模型构建[J]. 医学与社会, 2021, 34(2):62-67.
[14]	樊立华, 陈振康, 石磊, 等. 中国公共卫生执业医师岗位胜任力模型构建与应用探讨[J]. 中国公共卫生管理, 2019, 35(1):1-9.
[15]	陈振康, 孙涛, 刘新研, 等. 中国公共卫生医师岗位胜任力要素研究[J]. 中国公共卫生管理, 2017, 33(1):37-40.
[16]	杨晨希. 实践技能教学改革与执业医师考试接轨的思考[J]. 岳阳职业技术学院学报, 2016, 31(6):48-51.
[17]	韦雨露, 漆光紫, 李卓昕. 预防医学本科生公共卫生执业医师技能和知识培训需求及必要性分析[J]. 预防医学论坛, 2018, 24(10):725-727.
[18]	杜志成, 张志杰, 姜庆五. 医疗大数据分析技术研究进展[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2022, 34(5):1-5.
[19]	黄国铭, 彭洁, 周康, 等. 大数据分析在预防医学中的应用研究[J]. 信息与电脑, 2023, 35(18):14-16.
[20]	中华人民共和国中央人民政府. 高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜为全面建设社会主义现代化国家而团结奋斗—在中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会上的报告[EB/OL].(2022-10-16)[2025-03-24]. https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2022-10/25/content_5721685.htm.
[21]	中华人民共和国国务院办公厅. 国务院办公厅关于印发《公共企事业单位信息公开规定制定办法》的通知[EB/OL].(2020-12-07) [2025-03-24]. https://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2021/content_5578532.htm.
[22]	罗金娣. 突发公共卫生事件网络舆论失范及其应对策略研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨师范大学, 2023.
[23]	国家卫生健康委人事司. 国家疾病预防控制局职能配置、内设机构和人员编制规定[EB/OL].(2022-02-16)[2025-03-24]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/renshi/s7745/202202/ce8b3af5ab234dfd88bde1a496959e25.shtml.
[24]	国家卫生计生委. 国家卫生计生委关于印发疾病预防控制中心岗位设置管理指导意见的通知[EB/OL].(2015-10-20)[2025-03-24]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/cms-search/xxgk/getManuscriptXxgk.htm?id=ca6c2e622a4741c4b6c819b251ec35b4.
[25]	李长明, 董燕敏. 国家基本公共卫生服务规范[M].3版. 北京: 金盾出版社, 2017:1.