Table of Content

15 May 2025, Volume 41 Issue 10

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Treatise

Construction of structural equation model of noise annoyance,emotional labor and job burnout of nurses in operating room

ZHANG Yizhi, GUO Qingjiao, RAO Jiaqin, LUO Shasha, OUYANG Jing, GU Ying

2025, 41(10):  1297-1302. 

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Objective To investigate the current status of noise annoyance,emotional labor and burnout among operating room nurses,explore the relationship between noise annoyance,emotional labor and burnout among them. Methods The nurses in the operating room of 11 tertiary hospitals in Guizhou Province were investigated through the general information questionnaire,the noise annoyance scale,the emotional labor scale and the job burnout scale from March to July 2023,and the data were analyzed by constructing a structural equation model. Results The average score[M（P₂₅,P₇₅）] of the noise annoyance measurement scale among 827 operating room nurses was 2.80（2.00,3.00）points,the score of average score of the emotional labor scale items was 3.50（3.00,4.00）points,and the total score of job burnout was 67.00（60.00,76.00）points. The Cronbach's α coefficient of each dimension of the scale was >0.789,the combined reliability value was >0.78,the average variance extraction value was >0.5,and the square root of the average variance extraction value was greater than the correlation coefficient between the variable and other latent variables,and the model fit was excellent. The noise annoyance had a direct positive impact on emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,surface behavior,and natural emotional expression（β=0.339,0.198,0.463,0.300,all P<0.01）,and a direct negative impact on deep behavior（β=-0.117,P<0.01）. The surface behavior directly and positively affected emotional exhaustion and depersonalization（β=0.437,0.466,both P<0.01）,and directly and negatively affected personal sense of achievement（β=-0.134,P<0.05）. The deep behavior had a direct negative impact on depersonalization and a direct positive impact on personal achievement（β=-0.296,0.390,both P<0.01）.The emotional labor of operating room nurses played a mediating role between noise annoyance and occupational burnout. The direct predictive effect of noise annoyance on emotional exhaustion accounted for 62.20% of the total effect,while the indirect effect accounted for 37.80% of the total effect. The direct effect on depersonalization accounted for 42.86%,while the indirect effect accounted for 57.14%. Conclusion The nursing managers can improve the occurrence of negative emotional labor strategies and burnout by reducing noise annoyance,which provides references for hospital managers from a new perspective to stabilize the nursing team in the operating room of the hospital and improve the quality of care.

Network analysis of the relationship between perceived social support and psychological resilience in patients with pneumoconiosis

WANG Meichang, ZHANG Huan, LIU Qifen, ZENG Xiaoli, LI Jingzhi

2025, 41(10):  1303-1308. 

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Objective To explore the network characteristics between perceived social support and psychological resilience in patients with pneumoconiosis,and statistically analyze key symptoms,so as to provide theoretical basis for improving the mental health and adaptability of patients to a greater extent. Methods From June 2023 to June 2024,240 pneumoconiosis patients in a certain occupational disease prevention and treatment hospital in Guangdong Province were investigated using the perceived social support scale and the simplified version of the psychological resilience scale. SPSS 26.0 was used for descriptive statistics and one-way analysis,and R 4.3.2 software was used for the estimation of the network model and the calculation of related indexes. Results The results of the perceived social support and psychological resilience network showed that there was the strongest correlation between "C2（dealing withanything） and P4（family emotional help and support）","C3（positively facing the problem） and P8（discussing difficult problem with family）",with edge weight values of 0.091 and 0.075,respectively. P9（Sharing moods with friends） was the node with the highest centrality of strength in the network,at 1.509.P11（family assistance in making judgements） had the highest strength of bridges at 0.215. In the network,the accuracy of the edge weights was high,and the stability coefficient of the expected influence of the nodes was 4.38,which was within an acceptable range. Conclusion P9（sharing mood with friends） is the most core node of the network,and P11（family assistance in making judgements） is the key bridge node of the network. Targeting these key nodes as the main target may greatly improve patients' mental health and adaptability,and enhance their resilience and recovery in coping with the disease.

Mediating role of post-traumatic stress disorder on rumination thinking and job burnout in surgical nurses

FENG Jingyi, LIU Yaping, CHEN Qiuxia

2025, 41(10):  1309-1314. 

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Objective To explore the correlation between rumination thinking and job burnout in surgical nurses,analyze the mediating role of post-traumatic stress disorder between the two. Methods Using a multi-stage sampling method,the general information questionnaire,rumination response scale（RRS）,post traumatic stress disorder checklist civilian version（PCL-C）,and Maslach burnout inventory general survey（MBI-GS） were applied to investigate 318 surgical nurses in four grade-A tertiary hospitals in western Hubei,northern Hubei,central Hubei and eastern Hubei from September to December 2023.The correlation of rumination,post-traumatic stress disorder and job burnout among nurses was analyzed by Pearson correlation.AMOS 23.0 was used to establish a structural equation model to examine the mediating effect of post-traumatic stress disorder on the relationship between rumination and burnout in surgical nurses. Results A total score of 318 surgical nurses was（45.50±14.95）points on the RRS scale,（39.89±12.98）points on the PCL-C scale,and（75.26±20.91）points on the MBI-GS scale. The ruminative thinking and post-traumatic stress disorder were positively correlated with job burnout in surgical nurses（r=0.72,0.80,both P<0.01）. The post-traumatic stress disorder played a complete mediating role in the relationship between ruminative thinking and job burnout in surgical nurses（β=1.017,P<0.01）,the mediating effect accounted for 95.9% of the total effect,and the mediating effect Bootstrap 95%CI was 0.885-1.143. Conclusion The nursing managers should pay attention to the risk groups of surgical nurses' ruminative thinking,identify and regularly evaluate their level of ruminative thinking,focus on the counseling and psychological support of the risk groups,formulate personalized interventions,reduce the impact of post-traumatic stress disorder on surgical nurses,and take corresponding measures to alleviate the ruminative thinking of nurses,alleviate the job burnout of surgical nurses,and stabilize the nursing team.

Impact of workplace communication stress and psychological capital on job burnout among surgery room nurses

PENG Yan, HAN Fang, ZHANG Xiuhua, LIU Hui, HE Wenqiong, LIU Jing

2025, 41(10):  1315-1319. 

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Objective To investigate the impact of workplace communication stress and psychological capital on job burnout of surgery room nurses,provide Objective evidence for improving the job burnout of surgery room nurses. Methods From October to December 2023,a total of 182 surgery room nurses from six tertiary general hospitals in Urumqi were randomly selected as the research subjects. The workplace communication stress,psychological capital and job burnout scales were used to assess the scores of workplace communication stress,psychological capital and job burnout. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between workplace communication stress,psychological capital and job burnout. The mediation effect model was used to analyze the strength of the mediating effect of psychological capital on workplace communication stress and job burnout. Results The scores of workplace communication stress,psychological capital and job burnout of surgery room nurses were （22.48±4.86）,（90.27±15.76） and（62.36±13.58）points,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of workplace communication stress,psychological capital and job burnout among surgery room nurses with different ages years of work,professional title,marital status,monthly performance income,average weekly working hours and average monthly night shifts（all P<0.05）.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the job burnout was positively correlated with workplace communication stress（r=0.627,P<0.01）,while workplace communication stress and job burnout were negatively correlated with psychological capital（r=-0.596,-0.695,both P<0.01）. The mediation effect model showed that the psychological capital of surgery room nurses had a high mediating effect between workplace communication stress and job burnout,with the mediating effect of 0.191,accounting for 39.14% of total effect. Conclusions The psychological capital of operating room nurses in six tertiary general hospitals in Urumqi has a high mediating effect between workplace communication stress and occupational burnout. Improving their psychological capital is conducive to reducing their workplace communication stress level and thus reducing their occupational burnout level. The hospital nursing managers should pay attention to the cultivation and development of nurses' psychological capital.

On site investigation and critical control point analysis of occupational hazards during the mixed production process of 10 000 ton emulsion explosives in a civil explosive company in Yulin City

WANG Wei, HE Yupeng, XU Dandan, WU Ruixian, LIU Miao, DONG Guoqiang

2025, 41(10):  1320-1323. 

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Objective To understand the distribution and exposure level of occupational disease hazards generated during the production process of emulsion explosives mixing and assembling,and to determine the key control points of occupational disease hazards in the production process of this industry. Methods From May to June 2023,the on-site mixed production process of 100 00 ton emulsion explosives in a civil explosive company in Yulin City was selected as the investigation object. According to the national occupational health sampling analysis standard specifications,comprehensive research methods such as occupational health on-site investigation,system engineering analysis,and occupational health testing were used to conduct on-site investigation and testing,and the data were analyzed. Results The main occupational hazard factors generated during the on-site mixed production process of the emulsion explosive wereother dusts（ammonium nitrate dust）,nitrogenoxides,ammonia,dieselandnois.The concentration of ammonia in the workplace during the on-site mixing process of emulsion explosives was 0.4-1.2 mg/m³,the concentration of nitrogenoxides was <0.02 mg/m³,and the concentration of other dusts was 1.9 mg/m³,and the qualified rate were 100.0%.The sound level of work site noise was 70.6-89.9 dB（A）,and the qualified rate was 85.7%. Conclusion The key control positions of this emulsion explosives on-site mixing production process are feeder and emulsifier,and the key control points are ammonium nitrate feeding and emulsification preparation process. Production enterprises should optimize protective measures for high noise,high toxicity,and dust workplaces,ensure proper receive and management of personal protective equipment,and regularly conduct occupational health examination for employees.

Analysis on health status of dust exposed workers in Wuhu City from 2017 to 2022

CAO Wei, FAN Lei

2025, 41(10):  1324-1329. 

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Objective To understand the dust hazards and health status of workers exposed to dust in Wuhu,and to provide scientific basis for formulating corresponding prevention and control measures. Methods The health examination data of dust exposed workers from occupational health examination institutions in Wuhu from 2017 to 2022 were collected and established into a database by Excel 2007,and analyzed statistically by SPSS 19.0. Results A total of 22 131 occupational health examination data of dust exposed workers were collected during the on-the-job period. Among the physical examination personnel,11 cases of suspected occupational diseases and 68 cases of occupational contraindications were found,and the total abnormal rate of health examination was 0.36%. The abnormal rate of hypertension was 23.45%,and the abnormal rate of hypertension in men was higher than that in women,which was statistically significant（χ²=47.841,P<0.01）. The abnormal rate of hypertension in the population aged 55 and above was higher than that in other age groups,the abnormal rate of hypertension in the population with more than 10 years of work experience was higher than that in other work experience groups,and the abnormal rates of small and micro enterprises were 30.49% and 39.82%,respectively. The abnormal rate of electrocardiogram（ECG） was 19.14%,with a higher abnormality rate in males than females（χ²=78.188,P<0.01）. The abnormal rate of ECG in dust exposed workers aged 55 and above was 27.84%,and there were statistically significant differences in the abnormal rate of ECG in different age groups（χ²=179.587,P<0.01）. The detection rate of pneumoconiosis like change was 0.29%,and the pneumoconiosis like change rate in chest radiograph of dust exposure workers aged 55 and above was 0.53%. There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of pneumoconiosis like changes between different age groups（χ²=4.942,P>0.05）. The abnormal rates of forced vital capacity（FVC）,forced expiratory volume in one second（FEV₁） and FEV₁/FVC were 12.30%,4.03% and 2.54%,respectively. The abnormal rate of FVC% and FEV₁ in dust exposed workers aged ≥55 were higher than those of other dust exposed workers,and the abnormal rate of FVC% in dust exposed workers with more than 10 years of service was the highest. Conclusion The health condition of workers exposed to dust in Wuhu City should be taken seriously. The risk is higher in men than in women,and older and long-serving workers have higher abnormal rates of various indicators. The occupational hazards of workers in small and micro enterprises are more serious and should be the key supervision object.

Study on mediating role of emotion regulation between self-denial tendency and occupational burnout in emergency department nurses

ZHANG Junleng, LU Aihong, LI Guojuan, HUANG Xuehong, GUAN Xiaoyan, SU Fengmei

2025, 41(10):  1330-1334. 

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Objective To investigate the status of self-denial tendency among emergency department nurses,analyze the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationship between self-denial tendency and occupational burnout,in order to reduce the risk of occupational burnout of emergency department nurses. Methods From January to April 2024,a total of 184 nurses from the emergency departments of five tertiary general hospitals in Shanghai were selected as survey subjects by convenience sampling. The survey was conducted using the self-ability negation tendency scale,emotion regulation scale,and occupational burnout scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The score of self-ability negation tendency among emergency department nurses was（47.56±14.34）points,emotion regulation score was（45.64±9.82）points,and occupational burnout score was（62.88±12.76）points.There were statistically significant differences in the scores of self-ability negation tendency,emotion regulation,and occupational burnout among emergency department nurses of different ages,years of work experience,professional titles,personal monthly income,and monthly night shifts（all P<0.05）. There was a positive correlation between the self-denial tendency of emergency department nurses and occupational burnout（r=0.608,P<0.01）,while a negative correlation between emotion regulation and occupational burnout（r=-0.581,P<0.01）,and a negative correlation between self-denial tendency and emotion regulation（r=-0.618,P<0.01）. Emotion regulation partially mediated the relationship between self-denial tendency and occupational burnout among emergency department nurses,with a mediation effect of 0.262,accounting for 42.81% of the total effect. Conclusion Emotion regulation plays a mediating role between self-denial tendency and occupational burnout among emergency department nurses,and improving the level of emotion regulation is beneficial for reducing nurses' occupational burnout level.

Impact of workplace violence and psychological resilience on occupational burnout among emergency department nurses

ZHANG Jing, LU Aihong, HUANG Xuehong, XIAO Xiaolan, LI Guojuan, YANG Xuan

2025, 41(10):  1335-1339. 

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Objective To explore the impact of workplace violence and psychological resilience on occupational burnout among emergency department nurses in Shanghai. Methods From November to December 2023,a random sampling method was used to select 176 nurses from the emergency departments of six tertiary hospitals in Shanghai as survey subjects,and they were investigated and analyzed by the workplace violence scale,mental toughness scale and occupational burnout scale. Results The scores of workplace violence,psychological resilienceand occupationalburnout of emergency department nurses were （6.12±1.28）,（84.28±14.37） and（61.55±12.43）points,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in scores of workplace violence among emergency department nurses with different gender,age,working years,professional and technical qualifications,marital status and monthly income（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in scores of psychological resilience and occupational burnout among emergency department nurses with different age,working years,professional and technical qualifications,and monthly income（all P<0.05）.The workplace violence score of emergency department nurses was positively correlated with the occupational burnout score（r=0.662,P<0.01）,the psychological resilience score was negatively correlated with the occupational burnout score（r=-0.586,P<0.01）,and the workplace violence score was negatively correlated with the psychological resilience score（r=-0.528,P<0.01）. The hierarchical regression analysis found that workplace violence and psychological resilience jointly explained 35.80% of the total variation in occupational burnout. Conclusion The workplace violence and psychological resilience of emergency department nurses in Shanghai are closely related to occupational burnout,and it is necessary to take targeted measures to reduce the incidence of workplace violence and improve psychological resilience to reduce their level of occupational burnout.

Determination of 20 elements in blood by ICP-MS with directly dilution

CAI Xiaoxuan, LI Siyan, MA Zheng, XIONG Jinguang, CHEN Manlian, CHEN Huipeng

2025, 41(10):  1340-1345. 

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Objective To establish a determination method by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry（ICP-MS） for 20 elements in blood which was direct diluted with matrix modifier,and apply in the detection of the general population,occupational population,and poisoned population. Methods The blood samples were diluted 20-fold with 0.50% nitric acid（HNO₃）-0.10% Triton X-100. The mixed normal human blood was added with different concentrations of mixed standard solution to prepare standard sequences. The internal standard solution of yttrium（Y） and lutetium（Lu） at the concentration of 10 μg/L was simultaneously injected.ICP-MS with standard（STD） and kinetic energy discrimination（KED） mode was used to determine the content of the samples by internal standard correction method. Results In the linear range of 0.100-100.000 μg/L,the linear relationship of the 20 elements was ≥0.999. The limit of detection was 0.001-0.096 μg/L and the lower limit of quantitation was 0.003-0.320 μg/L. The relative standard deviation（RSD） within and between batches was 0.4%-4.6% and 1.5%-4.9%,respectively.The recovery rate was 80.9%-111.2%. Conclusion This method is easy to operate,fast,with high recovery rate,good reproducibility and strong practicality,it is suitable for the detection of 20 elements in blood samples of the general population,occupational population and poisoned population,providing a new method for blood metabolomics analysis.

Study on liver injury induced by sodium arsenite in mice based on repeated measurements

DING Wenmeng, HUANG Fei, WEI Zequn, WU Shunhua

2025, 41(10):  1346-1350. 

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Objective To explore the interactive effects of arsenic exposure concentration and exposure duration on arsenic-induced liver injury in mice,and to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of arsenic-induced liver injury. Methods A total of 96 SPF-grade male Balb/c mice with standard body weight were randomly divided into four groups,each consisting of 24 mice,using a random number method. They were chronically exposed to sodium arsenite through oral consumption of water,with arsenic concentrations in the control,low,medium,and high dose groups being 0,10,20,and 40 mg/L,respectively. The exposure period was 9 months,during which 8 mice from each group were treated at 3,6,and 9 months. The body weight and liver weight of the mice were measured,as well as the serum liver function indicators alanine aminotransferase（ALT）,aspartate aminotransferase （AST）,and albumin（ALB）. The effects of time and arsenic on liver injury in mice were investigated through repeated measurements. Masson staining results showed fibrosis in mouse liver tissue. Results There was a statistically significant differences in mouse body weight at different exposure times（P<0.05）. At 6 and 9 months of exposure,there were statistically significant differences in liver weight,liver organ coefficient,and lgALT among mice in different arsenic exposure groups（all P<0.05）. At 3 months of exposure,there was a statistically significant difference in lgAST among mice in different arsenic exposure groups（P<0.05）. Repeated measures ANOVA results showed that in within-subject effect analysis,mice body weight,liver organ coefficient,and ALB showed a time-dependent trends（F_within-group=287.315,8.620,10.156,all P<0.05）. The interaction analysis showed that there was an interaction between arsenic exposure concentration and exposure time of mice body weight and liver weight（F_interaction=3.005,3.205,both P<0.05）. The inter-subject effect analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in body weight,liver weight,liver organ coefficient,lgALT,and lgAST among mice exposed to different concentrations of arsenic（F_{between-groups}=8.221, 19.084,5.995,11.445,6.290,all P<0.05）. The results of Masson staining showed that the fibrosis status of mouse liver tissue was positively correlated with arsenic exposure concentration and time. Conclusion Chronic arsenic exposure can cause liver injury and fibrosis in mice,which is closely related to the exposure concentration and duration of arsenic,and the interaction between arsenic exposure concentration and time was found in body weight and liver weight indicators,which provides a new thought for the prevention and treatment of endemic arsenism.

Determination of oxybenzone in drinking water by SPE-HPLC-MS

ZHANG Wenjiao, HE Yuandong, LI Ming, YAO Yuqin, SHI Ying

2025, 41(10):  1351-1355. 

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Objective To establish a solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （SPE-HPLC-MS/MS） method for the determination of oxybenzone residues in domestic drinking water,and to detect the residual oxybenzoneinactual domestic drinking water. Methods HPLC-MS/MS method was established by using SPE for sample pretreatment,a C₁₈ column,methanol and ultrapure water as the mobile phases,a binary high-pressure gradient elution,multi-reaction monitoringmode for monitoring,and electrospraying+mode for determining. Results The linear range of oxybenzone was 0.200-500 μg/L with the regression equation of y=26 578x-4882,r=0.998 8,the relative standard deviation was 3.44%,and the limits of detection of the method were 0.005 0 ng/L,the limits of quantification were 0.017 ng/L,and the recoveries of the spiked standards ranged from 79.9 to 101.0%. Oxybenzone residues were detected in water samples taken in Chengdu,with average concentration of 6.43 ng/L. Conclusion The established method is sensitive,rapid,and can meet the requirements for the detection of oxybenzone residue in drinking water,and can provide an experimental basis for the subsequent study of oxybenzone residue detection.

Analysis of five pollutant element content in takeaway fast food and risk assessment of dietary exposure

LIU Ting, LIN Li, ZHOU Ruize, ZHAO Xixi, QI Yunxiao, WANG Linlin

2025, 41(10):  1356-1360. 

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Objective To analyze the content of lead,arsenic,mercury,cadmium,and aluminum in the popular takeaway fast food in Beijing in February 2024 and conduct a preliminary dietary exposure risk assessment. Methods The samples were homogenized and freeze-dried,and the elemental contents were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）,combined with estimated weekly intake/provisional tolerable weekly intake（EI/PTWI） method and margin of exposure（MOE） method for exposure risk assessment. Results The content of the five elements in the samples were highly dispersed,with a CV ranging from 73.5%（Pb） to 422%（Cd）,and the overall contamination level was low,with the average content of Pb and Hg below the limit of detection（LOD）,and the average content of arsenic,cadmium,and aluminum at 0.018,0.028,and 9.8 mg/kg,respectively. The average intake of lead,arsenic,mercury,cadmium and aluminum for the whole population was 14.4,27.5,0.85,42.8 μg/d and 4.39 mg/d,respectively. Conclusion The overall exposure risk of lead,arsenic and mercury elemental is relatively low,but there is still some exposure risk in highly contaminated samples in the lower age group. The exposure risks of cadmium and aluminum were closely related to the sample types. The whole population,especially the underage population,should be concerned about the risks associated with the long-term intake of takeaway meals and pay attention to adjusting the dietary structure and balanced diet.

Study on relationship between emergency response capacity and work input,professional values among 605 nurses in Xinjiang

YAN Xuemei, YANG Fengqin, SONG Yuxia, LIU Fang

2025, 41(10):  1361-1366. 

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Objective To investigate the current situation of specialized alliance nurses' ability to respond to public health emergencies of respiratory infectious diseases in Xinjiang,provide reference for improving the public health emergency system. Methods From October to December 2022,the nurses in respiratory department,infectious department and critical care department were selected from medical institutions at all levels within a specialized alliance in Xinjiang,and a questionnaire survey was conducted using the emergency capability scale,work engagement scale,and occupational values scale. Results The total score of emergency capability scale among 605 nurses in medical institutions at all levels within a specialized alliance in Xinjiang was （215.80±27.78）points,the score of nurses' professional values scale was （117.78±16.07）points,the score of job involvement scale was（31.72±11.22）points. The emergency response ability was positively correlated with job involvement and occupational values（r=0.375,0.700,both P<0.01）. The results of univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the nurses in age of 20~<30 years old,N1 energy level,participated in other emergency rescue,such as earthquake,fire,emergency treatment experience had the highest score of emergency ability. Conclusions The ability to respond to public health emergencies of respiratory infectious diseases among 605 nurses within a specialized alliance in Xinjiang is at a high level,and their professional values and job involvement positively predict their emergency response ability. The nursing administrators need to pay more attention to nurses' professional values and understand nurses' work engagement status,so as to improve nurses' emergency response ability in a specialty alliance in Xinjiang.

Chain mediating effects of workplace spirituality and proactive behavior on occupational calling and occupational plateau of clinical front-line nurses

QIAN Xuemei, GU Yongmei, YAO Xiling, SHEN Yujie

2025, 41(10):  1367-1372. 

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Objective To understand the current status and relationship of workplace spirituality,proactive behavior,occupational calling and occupational plateau among clinical front-line nurses. Methods From November 2023 to February 2024,a total of 479 front-line clinical nurses from six tertiary general hospitals in Nantong City were selected as survey subjects by convenience sampling method. The questionnaire star,which includes self-made data questionnaire,occupational calling scale,workplace spirituality scale,proactive behavior evaluation form and occupational plateau scale were used for the survey and the data were analyzed. Results The occupational calling score of clinical front-line nurses was （37.78±5.47）points,the workplace spirituality score was （108.39±10.62）points,the proactive behavior score was （36.43±3.58）points and the occupational plateau score was （54.75±9.53）points. Correlation analysis showed that occupational calling,workplace spirituality and proactive behavior were negatively correlated with occupational plateau（all P<0.01）. Workplace spirituality played a partial mediating role between occupational calling and occupational plateau,and the mediating effect was -0.127,accounting for 19.4% of the total effect. Proactive behavior played a partial mediating role between occupational calling and occupational plateau,and the mediating effect was -0.110,accounting for 16.8% of the total effect. Workplace spirituality and proactive behavior had a chain mediating effect between occupational calling and occupational plateau,and the chain mediating effect was -0.076,accounting for 11.6% of the total connection effect. Conclusion Occupational calling can not only directly affect the occupational plateau of clinical front-line nurses,but also indirectly affect the occupational plateau through the chain mediation effect of workplace spirituality and proactive behavior.

Chain mediating role of mindfulness and educational anxiety between social-oriented perfectionism and parental burnout among parents of primary and secondary school students

SHI Congcong, ZHAO Mei

2025, 41(10):  1373-1378. 

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Objective To investigate the current state of parental burnout among elementary and middle school students' parents,analyze the impact of different dimensions of perfectionism on parental burnout among these parents,and test whether mindfulness and educational anxiety establish a chain mediating effect between social-oriented prescribed perfectionism and parental burnout. Methods From June to July 2023,a convenience sampling method was applied in ten elementary and middle schools in Dongying City and Tai'an City of Shandong Province,and a questionnaire survey was conducted using the Hewitt multidimensional perfectionism scale（HMPS）,parental burnout assessment（PBA）,mindfulness attention awareness scale（MAAS）,and the educational anxiety scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores for social-oriented perfectionism,parental burnout,mindfulness,and educational anxiety among parents of elementary and middle school students in ten schools across two cities in Shandong Province were （25.81±6.04）,（51.02±31.32）,（68.15±14.70） and （47.10±15.37）points,respectively. The incidence rate of parental burnout among mothers of elementary and middle school students in this group was 7.19%,and among fathers,it was 4.44%. The social-oriented perfectionism was significantly positively correlated with parental burnoutand educational anxiety（r=0.336,0.245,both P<0.01）,and significantly negatively correlated with mindfulness（r=-0.302,P<0.01）. The parental burnout was significantly positively correlated with educational anxiety（r=0.294,P<0.01）,and significantly negatively correlated with mindfulness（r=-0.636,P<0.01）. The mindfulness was significantly negatively correlated with educational anxiety（r=-0.259,P<0.01）. Both mindfulness and educational anxiety served as mediators between social-oriented perfectionismand parental burnout,with the former's mediating effect being 0.186,accounting for 51.667% of the total effect,and the latter's mediating effect being 0.017,accounting for 4.722% of the total effect. The mindfulness and parental burnout also had a chain mediating effect between social-oriented perfectionism and parental burnout with a chain mediating effect value of 0.009,accounting for 2.500% of the total effect. Conclusion The social-oriented perfectionism among parents of elementary and middle school students indirectly influences parental burnout through the chain mediating effects of mindfulness and educational anxiety,which can positively predict parental burnout.

Current situation and correlation of organizational support,psychological capital and job involvement among vocational college teachers

ZHANG Wen, LIU Linfeng, CAO Jun, WANG Hongyan, HAN Yuxin, DENG Qingchuan

2025, 41(10):  1379-1383. 

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Objective To investigate the current situation and correlation of organizational support,psychological capital and job involvement of vocational college teachers,and to provide reference for vocational colleges to carry out teacher team reform. Methods From September to December 2023,a convenience sampling method was used to survey 282 teachers from 5 vocational colleges in Sichuan Province using a general information questionnaire,organizational support scale,psychological capital scale,and job involvement scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The score of organizational support for vocational college teachers was （3.36±0.39）points,the score of psychological capital was （4.10±0.49）points,and the score of job involvement was （3.52±0.54）points,and there was a positive correlation among the three factors（r=0.943,0.884,0.898,all P<0.01）. Organizational support and psychological capital had a direct positive effect on teachers' job involvement,and psychological capital had a partial mediating effect between organizational support and job involvement（18.05%）. Conclusion The organizational support,psychological capital and job involvement of vocational college teachers are at the medium level,and psychological capital and organizational support have positive effects on teachers' job involvement. Vocational colleges should further strengthen the organizational support and psychological capital investment level for teachers,enhance their sense of professional value and mission,and promote the continuous improvement of vocational education and teaching quality.

Analysis of the current status and influencing factors of career aspiration of internal medicine medical staff in 10 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province

XIAO Kaimei, QIN Jing

2025, 41(10):  1384-1389. 

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Objective To explore the status quo of career aspirations of internal medicine medical staff in grade-A tertiary hospitals and its relationship with sources of hope and social support,so as to provide reference for enhancing the career aspiration of internal medicine medical staff. Methods From June to August 2023,a multi-stage sampling method was used to select 327 medical staff from 10 grade-A tertiary hospitals in 5 regions of Sichuan Provinceas survey subjects. The career aspiration scale,hope source scale and social support scale were used to conduct a questionnaire survey on the subjects,and the data were analyzed. Results The score of career aspirations of 327 internal medicine medical staff in grade-A tertiary hospitals was （61.38±12.96）points,the score of hope source was （53.96±13.31）points. And the score of social support was （54.26±12.06）points. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of career aspirations of internal medicine medical staff with different gender,highest academic qualifications,contract categories,job categories,professional titles,health status,organizational atmosphere,family support, exposure to workplace violence,and medical complaints/disputes（all P<0.05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total score of career aspirations of internal medicine medical staff in grade-A tertiary hospitals was positively correlated with the total score of hope source and the scores of each dimension（r=0.298-0.645,all P<0.05）,and positively correlated with the total score of social support and the scores of each dimension（r=0.265-0.702,all P<0.05）. The total score of hope source and the scores of each dimension were positively correlated with the total score of social support and the scores of each dimension（r=0.267-0.694,all P<0.05）. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the highest education level,department atmosphere,health status, exposure toworkplace violence,medical complaints/disputes,source of hope and social support were the main influencing factors of career aspirations of internal medicine medical staff（all P<0.05）,which explained 68.2% of the total variables. Conclusion The career aspirations of internal medicine medical staff in grade-A tertiary hospitals are at a medium level,and there is a significant positive correlation between hope sources and social support and career aspirations. Hospital managers can improve their career aspirations by improving the hope source and social support level of medical staff.

Trend analysis and prediction of varicella incidence among children in Yantian District of Shenzhen City from 2009 to 2023

LIN Kai, LIU Yawen, LI Biao, XU Zhendong, HUANG Renzhan, LI Xuemei

2025, 41(10):  1390-1394. 

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Objective To explore the trend in varicella incidence among children in Yantian District of Shenzhen City from 2009 to 2023,analyze the effect of age,period,cohort,and immunization strategy on the incidence. Methods The Joinpoint regression model was used to explore the incidence trend and the age-period-cohort model was established to analyze the effects of age,period,and cohort effect on varicella incidence,and GM（1,1） model was established to predict incidence from 2024 to 2026. Results The annual incidence rate of varicella among children in Yantian District of Shenzhen City was 850.02/100 000 from 2009 to 2023. The Joinpoint regression showed a decreasing trend in varicellaincidence rate from 2009 to 2023（AAPC=-15.28,P<0.01）,with a turning point in 2019.The age-period-cohort model revealed that the overall incidence rate of varicella in children showed a decreasing trend（net drift value <0）. The incidence rates of 0-<5 years old and 5-<10 years old showed a decreasing trend（local drift value <0）,while the incidence rate of 10-<15 years old showed an increasing trend（local drift value >0）. The factors of age,period and cohort all had an impact on the incidence of varicella. The incidence of varicella trended upward and then downward with age,with the highest incidence rate（1 352.28/100 000） at 5~<10 years old of age. The period effect showed the lowest incidence risk during 2019-2023,and the cohort effect found the lowest incidence risk in 2015-2019 birth cohort.GM （1,1） model prediction showed a decreasing trend in incidence from 2024 to 2026. Conclusions There is a decreasing trend in varicella incidencea mong children in Yantian District of Shenzhen City from 2009 to 2023,with a significant age-period-cohort effect. A significant decrease in incidence is found after the implementation of the immunization strategy of a free 2-dose varicella vaccine in 2019,which should be continued to further reduce the varicella morbidity transmission risk.

Potential correlation between epidemiological characteristics and meteorological factors of heatstroke in Wuhan from 2018 to 2023

HE Fang, ZHANG Cheng, CHEN Zhenlong, LIANG Jiaojun

2025, 41(10):  1395-1400. 

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Objective To study the epidemic characteristics of heatstroke in Wuhan,and provide a basis for monitoring and early warning. Methods Describe the basic distribution of heatstroke cases in Wuhan from 2018 to 2023,study the relationship between heatstroke and meteorological factors,and reveal the patterns of heatstroke. Results From June to September 2018 to 2023,a total of 4 156 cases of heatstroke were reported in Wuhan,including 53 deaths,the mortality rate was 1.3%,showing a gradually decreasing trend. Age ≥65 years old and high temperature days were risk factors for severe heatstroke（both P<0.05）,while females,severe heatstroke,and ≥65 years old were risk factors for heatstroke death（all P<0.05）. Age played a crucial role in the occurrence of heatstroke,severe heatstroke,and death. Heatstroke occurred most frequently in July-August,and the peak of cases occurred at the beginning of the heatwaves. High temperature exposure could quickly cause heatstroke. The risk of heatstroke significantly increased during the heatwave period compared to the reference period（RR>1）,and the cumulative risk of heatstroke increased with the duration of the heatwave. The cases of heatstroke were positively correlated with daily average temperature （r=0.855,P<0.01）,daily maximum temperature（r=0.812,P<0.01）,and number of days with high temperatures（r=0.667,P<0.01）,and negatively correlated with daily relative humidity（r=-0.379,P<0.01）. The thresholds for heatstroke caused by daily maximum temperature and daily average temperature were 34.49 ℃（95%CI：33.92-35.13,R²=0.554） and 30.66 ℃（95%CI：29.47-31.70,R²=0.666）,respectively. After breaking the above thresholds,the number of heatstroke cases increased significantly. Conclusion High temperature days and age ≥65 years old are risk factors for severe heatstroke,while females,severe heatstroke,and ≥65 years old are risk factors for heatstroke death. The thresholds for heatstroke caused by daily maximum temperature and daily average temperature are 34.49 and 30.66 ℃,respectively. The risk of heatstroke significantly increases during high temperature heatwaves.

Analysis on sleep quality status and influencing factors of medical students in Guizhou Province

LI Dan, ZHOU Xing, CAO Youqin, YANG Juanhua, CHENG Yuanfen, CAO Yu

2025, 41(10):  1401-1406. 

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Objective To investigate the current situation of sleep quality of medical students in Guizhou Province,find out the main factors affecting their sleep,and provide scientific reference for improving students' sleep quality and mental health level in medical colleges and universities. Methods From April to June 2023,a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 9 266 medical students from six medical colleges and universities in Guizhou Province. Pittsburgh sleep quality index （PSQI） was used to investigate their sleep quality,and logistic regression analysis was used to carry out multivariate analysis of all data. Results The total PSQI score of medical students in Guizhou Province was （4.76±3.10）points,and the detection rate of sleep disorders was 19.18 %（1 777/9 266）. The scores of PSQI and each dimension were positively correlated with the scores of stress,anxiety,depression and negative coping style（all P<0.01）. The influencing factors of sleep disorders of medical students in Guizhou Province were low school stage,high grade,sick leave,low self-rated health status,negative emotions,and tendency to use negative coping styles（all P<0.05）. Conclusions The sleep quality of medical students in Guizhou Province is at a general level,and the detection rate of sleep disorders is high. It is necessary to add courses related to sleep management and negative emotion regulation,increase the attention of medical students to sleep and mental health,collaborate with the mental health department to provide corresponding consultation and assistance to medical students,so as to improve their sleep problems,and enhance their psychological resilience.

Analysis on current situation and influencing factors of attitude and confidence towards oral health care among nursing students in Hangzhou City

CHEN Xuancheng, CHEN Yangyi, ZHU Xuejiao, XIE Yuhuan

2025, 41(10):  1407-1412. 

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Objective To understand the attitudes and confidence of nursing students towards oral health and analyze the influencing factors,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the relevant departments of government and schools to develop related policies to improve the oral health literacy of nursing students,and establish correct attitudes and confidence in oral health care. Methods The convenience sampling was used to select 457 undergraduate nursing students from nursing college of a university in Hangzhou in March 2024 as the research subjects. The general information questionnaires,the short-form of health literacy in dentistry（HeLD-14） and the attitude and confidence with oral healthcare among nursing students scale（ACORN） were used to survey nursing students. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between nursing students' attitudes and confidence in oral health care and their oral health literacy. The multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify the influencing factors of nursing students' attitudes and confidence in oral health care. Results The total score of the Chinese version of the ACORN scale was （127.91±20.24）points,with attitude towards the role of nurses in oral health care at （47.13±8.14）points,confidence in providing comprehensive oral health care at （20.79±4.50）points,confidence in undertaking basic oral health assessment at （31.20±6.38）points,and confidence in undertaking advanced oral health assessment at （28.78±7.36）points.Pearson correlation analysis results showed a positive correlation between nursing students' attitudes and confidence in oral health care and their oral health literacy（r=0.556,P<0.01）.The multiple linear regression results indicated that self-rated oral health status and oral health literacy were influencing factors of nursing students' attitudes and confidence in oral health care（all P<0.05）. Conclusions The nursing students in nursing college of a university in Hangzhou City exhibit moderate attitudes and confidence in oral health care,with their oral health literacy falling below a moderate level. The nursing students with a high level of oral health literacy tend to have better attitudes and confidence in oral health care,while those who rate their oral health as good tend to have poorer attitudes and confidence in oral health care. The government and school-related departments can develop targeted improvement strategies based on the influencing factors to enhance the oral health literacy of nursing students and improve their attitudes and confidence in oral health care.

Investigation on psychological status of postgraduate students enrolled in a Traditional Chinese Medicine University in Guangzhou

DING Ru, WU Jing, XIANG Yuxuan, LU Yongmei

2025, 41(10):  1413-1417. 

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Objective To understand the current situation of mental health of graduate students in medical schools,and to provide reference for society,government and universities to provide intervention for graduate students' mental health problems. Methods A convenience sample of 310 postgraduate students enrolled in a Traditional Chinese Medicine University in Guangzhou City was selected from April to July 2023,a general information questionnaire,Beck anxiety inventory（BAI）,center for epidemiological studies depression scale（CES-D）,and symptom self-assessment scale（SCL-90） were used to investigate,and the data were analyzed. Results The mental health status score of postgraduate students enrolled in Chinese medicine colleges was （126.82±42.78）points.There were statistically significant differences in the scores of mental health status among postgraduate students enrolled in different grades,family economic status,alcohol consumption,and sleep status（all P<0.05）. The SCL-90 scale scores of postgraduate students enrolled in Traditional Chinese Medicine University in terms of obsessive-compulsive symptoms,interpersonal sensitivity,hostility,phobia,psychoticism and total mean scores were higher than those of the Chinese normal adult norm,and the differences were all statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the anxiety status,depression status and mental health status of postgraduate students enrolled in Traditional Chinese Medicine Colleges were positively correlated（r=0.778,0.948,0.655,all P<0.01）. The scores of anxiety status and depression status were positively correlated with the SCL-90 scale and 9 factors scores（all P<0.01）. Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that anxiety status and depression status were important influencing factors on the mental health status of postgraduate students in Traditional Chinese Medicine colleges（both P<0.01）. Conclusion The overall condition of mental health of postgraduate students in Traditional Chinese Medicine colleges is good,with anxiety and depression as the main influencing factors. It is suggested that the country and society should pay more attention to postgraduate students in medicine,offer mental health courses in colleges and universities,organize lectures on a regular basis,and provide psychological assessment and necessary psychological interventions.

Meta-analysis of influencing factors of blood-borne exposure caused by sharp instrument injury in medical staff in China

ZHONG Zhongci, CHE Yizhan, BIAN Jia, HUA Chengfeng, DONG Lijuan

2025, 41(10):  1418-1424. 

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Objective To understand the influencing factors of sharp instrument injuries among clinical medical staff in China,and to provide reference for the prevention and intervention of sharp instrument injuries among clinical medical staff in China. Methods The Chinese biomedical database（CBM）,VIP database,Wanfang database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）,Web of Science（WOS）,Cochrane,PubMed,Embase and other Chinese and English databases were searched from the establishment of the database to April 2024.The relevant research on sharp instrument injuries of clinical medical staff in China was independently screened by two analysts,and the literature was extracted and the quality of the literature was evaluated.RevMan 5.4 software was used to systematically evaluate the literature. Results A total of 38 articles were included,with a total sample size of 84 456 people,and 14 influencing factors were extracted.The results of meta-analysis showed that nurses（OR=1.55,95%CI：1.01-2.35）,overwork（OR=1.61,95%CI：1.40-184）,operating without gloves（OR=1.33,95%CI：1.01-1.76）,working environment（OR=1.99,95%CI：1.13-3.51）,working years（OR=1.23,95%CI：1.10-1.39）,department（surgical department）（OR=1.23,95%CI：1.10-1.39）,age 0-<30 years old（OR=1.96,95%CI：1.26-3.06）,frequent contact with sharp（OR=2.26,95%CI：1.75-2.91）,educational education（OR=0.85,95%CI：0.73-0.98）,professional title（OR=1.26,95%CI：1.03-1.55）,frequent participation invocational training（OR=0.50,95%CI：0.44-0.57）,strict compliance withoperation requirements（OR=0.73,95%CI：0.62-0.86）,whether hospitals have taken protective measures（OR=1.30,95%CI：1.12-1.51） were the influencing factors of sharp instrument injuries among medical staff in China（all P<0.05）. Conclusion Nurses,overloaded work（overtime）,operating without gloves,working environment,working years,department（surgical department）,age 0-<30 years old,frequent contact with sharp instruments,educational background and professional title are risk factors for sharp instrument injuries in medical staff,while frequent participation in vocational training,awareness of sharp instrument injuries and strict compliance with operational requirements are protective factors for sharp instrument injuries in medical staff.Hospitals and relevant departments can pay close attention to the above factors and do early prevention work to reduce the possibility of sharp instrument injuries among medical staff.

Investigation and Research

Analysis on monitoring results of drinking water quality in Yanshi District of Luoyang City from 2019 to 2023

ZHANG Xianghong, LI Yaqiong, GUO Panpan, REN Junxia

2025, 41(10):  1425-1429. 

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Objective To understand the basic situation of drinking water hygiene in Yanshi District of Luoyang City,grasp the dynamic trend of water quality changes,and provide scientific basis and technical support for the government to formulate drinking water safety management strategies. Methods Collect water quality monitoring data for all domestic drinking water within the jurisdiction of Yanshi District of Luoyang City from 2019 to 2023. From 2019 to 2022,conduct testing and evaluation in accordance with the GB/T 5750-2006 "Standard Testing Methods for Domestic Drinking Water and the GB/T 5749-2006 "Hygienic Standard for Domestic Drinking Water". In 2023,conduct testing and evaluation in accordance with the GB/T 5750-2023 "Standard Testing Methods for Domestic Drinking Water" and the GB 5749-2022 "Hygienic Standards for Domestic Drinking Water". Results From 2019 to 2023,a total of 3 795 samples of drinking water were tested,with a total qualification rate of 85.6%. There was a statistically significant difference in the overall qualification rate between different years of high and low water periods（χ²=32.195,P<0.01）,but there was no statistically significant difference in the qualification rate between the finished water and the terminal water（χ²=1.735,P>0.05）. The qualification rate in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas（χ²=105.568,P<0.01）. The detected unqualified items included total bacterial count,total coliform,Escherichia coli,nitrate（measured in N）,total hardness,sulfate,fluoride,and turbidity. Conclusion The quality of drinking water in Yanshi District of Luoyang City is good,but efforts are still need to be made to improve the water treatment facilities and disinfection equipment of rural village level water supply projects,and protect the environment of small-scale centralized water supply sources in rural areas.

Overview

Research process on fatigue risk management system in nursing work system

PI Rong, LIU Yunfang, LI Suyun

2025, 41(10):  1430-1435. 

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With the increasing demand for public health,the issue of nurses' work-related fatigue has become increasingly prominent,becoming an important factor affecting patient safety and nurses' own health. To address this challenge,the fatigue risk management system（FRMS）,which is a data-driven system,has been widely adopted to effectively manage the risks associated with workplace fatigue.The evolution of FRMS in the nursing field is an ongoing process of development and refinement. This paper presents a comprehensive review of FRMS,including its overview,fatigue monitoring methods,the progression of FRMS in the nursing domain,and insights gained from the construction and implementation of FRMS in foreign countries. The aim is to provide reference for the construction and implementation of a nurse FRMS in China,as well as for nursing management departments to formulate policies to reduce nurse fatigue,thereby enhancing the stability of the nursing workforce and improving overall nursing services and patient safety levels.

Research progress on returning to work of head and neck cancer survivors

WANG Wei, GE Hongxia, WANG Xiangyuan, LI Shuotao, WANG Wenzi

2025, 41(10):  1436-1440. 

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Returning to work is an important indicator to measure whether head and neck cancer survivors have fully recovered and successfully integrated into society. This article reviews the concept of returning to work,related measurement tools,influencing factors and intervention measures of returning to work for head and neck cancer survivors,aiming to provide reference for promoting the research on returning to work for head and neck cancer survivors in China.