Table of Content

15 June 2023, Volume 39 Issue 12

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Treatise

Analysis on mediating effect of psychological resilience between work-family conflict and job burnout among clinical nurses in agrade-A tertiary hospital in Anhui Province

TANG Wang-qin, LYU Xiao-qing, WU Jing-mei, WANG Jie-yu, SONG Zhen, HONG Jing-fang

2023, 39(12):  1585-1588. 

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Objective To analyze the relationship of psychological resilience,work-family conflict and job burnout among clinical nurses,provide reference basis for effective prevention and intervention of clinical nurses' job burnout. Methods From October 2021 to February 2022,920 clinical nurses were collected from a grade-A tertiary hospital in Anhui Province by the convenience sampling method. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the general situation questionnaire,psychological resilience scale,work-family conflict scale and job burnout scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of psychological resilience,work-family conflict and job burnout in clinical nurses were （60.60±14.91）,（46.15±11.74） and （34.08±12.07）points,respectively. The work-family conflict of clinical nurses was positively correlated with job burnout（r=0.508,P<0.01）,the work-family conflict was negatively correlated with psychological resilience（r=-0.204,P<0.01）,and the psychological resilience was negatively correlated with job burnout（r=-0.420,P<0.01）. The psychological resilience as a mediator in work-family conflict and job burnout,the intermediary effect was 0.069,which accounted for 13.25% of the total effect. The mediating effect significance test showed that the mediating effect of psychological resilience between work-family conflict and job burnout was significant. Conclusion In the group of clinical nurses in agrade-A tertiary hospital of Anhui Province,the work-family conflict not only has a direct effect on job burnout,but also can indirectly affect job burnout through psychological resilience,so the clinical nursing managers can carry out interventions according to work-family conflicts and psychological resilience,so as to effectively prevent and improve clinical nurses' job burnout.

Effects of BDE-47 exposure during pregnancy on adipokines and insulin sensitivity in mice

JIANG Shu-rui, WANG Jia-sui, WANG Yong-zhi, WANG Meng-lin, Zunire·Tuerxun, LIU Zao-ling

2023, 39(12):  1589-1595. 

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Objective To preliminarily investigate the effects of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether（BDE-47） exposure during pregnancy on adipokines and insulin sensitivity in maternal and offspring mice,explore its possible mechanisms. Methods The female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into high,medium,low dose groups and control group,five animals in each group. After being fed for one week,they were caged with healthy adult male mice purchased in the same batch. The female mice were given BDE-47 by intragastric administration for 10 days after successful cage closure. One week after gavage,the maternal mice were treated with glucose tolerance test by intraperitoneal injection. At six weeks after birth,all mice fasted overnight and were killed. The levels of serum insulin,leptin and adiponectin in maternal mice were measured by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay（ELISA）. The mRNA and protein expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ（PPARγ） leptin and adiponectin in the liver tissues of maternal and offspring mice were detected by quantitative real-time PCR（qRT-PCR） and Western blot. Results BDE-47 exposure caused a disturbance of glucose metabolism in maternal mice. The body mass of the offspring mice increased during the early development period after birth,and the liver weight and organ coefficients of the maternal mice and male offspring in the exposure groups were higher than those in the control group（all P<0.05）. Compared with the control group,the mRNA and protein expression of PPARγ in the liver tissue of maternal mice and female offspring in the highdose group decreased,and the mRNA and protein expression of PPARγ in the liver tissue of male offspring in the high dose group increased（all P<0.05）. The mRNA and protein expression of leptin in maternal mice in the high and medium dose groups were lower than those of the control group,the mRNA expression of leptin in female offspring in the high dose group was higher than that of other groups,and the mRNA expression of leptin in the liver tissue of male offsring in the exposure groups was lower than that of the control group（all P<0.05）. The mRNA expression of adiponectin in maternal mice and female offspring in the medium dose group were lower than that of the control group,and the mRNA expression of adiponectin in the liver tissue of male offspring in each dose group were lower than that of the control group（all P<0.05）. Compared with female offspring,the liver organ coefficients of male offspring in the high dose group increased,the mRNA and protein expression of PPARγ increased,the protein expression of leptin in male offspring mice in the medium and high dose groups was higher than that in female offspring mice,and the mRNA expression of adiponectin in male offspring mice in the low and high dose groups was lower than that female offspring mice（all P<0.05）. Conclusion BDE-47 causes glucose metabolism disorder in maternal mice,increases body weight during early development of offspring mice,and affects the expression of PPARγ,leptin and adiponectin genes in mice,and there are gender differences.

Effect of Gastrodia elata polysaccharide on proliferation,invasion and apoptosis of colon cancer cells exposed to arsenic via miR-27a-3p-B7-H3 pathway

YE Wei, ZHANG Xi

2023, 39(12):  1596-1603. 

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Objective To investigate the effect of Gastrodia elata polysaccharide via microRNA-27a-3p（miR-27a-3p）/ homolog 3（B7-H3） on the proliferation,invasion and apoptosis of colon cancer cells exposed to arsenic. Methods The colon cancer cells were divided into SW480 cell group,arsenic（As） exposure group（500 μg/mL As₂O₃ treatment）,low-dose Gastrodia elata polysaccharide group（500 μg/mL As₂O₃ and 500 μmol/mL Gastrodia elata polysaccharide treatment）,and high-dose Gastrodia elata polysaccharide group（500 μg/mL As₂O₃ and 1 000 μmol/mL Gastrodia elata polysaccharide treatment）,the cells of the above groups were set up in six duplicate wells,and the culture time was 72 hours. After the experiment,3-（4,5）-dimethylthiahiazo（-z-y1）-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide（MTT） method was used to measure the proliferation of cancer cells in each group,the transwell method and wound healing test were used to measure the invasion and migration of cancer cells in each group,the flow cytometry was used to measure the apoptosis level of cancer cells in each group,the reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction（RT-qPCR） and Western blotting method were used to determine the levels of miR-27a-3p and B7-H3 in cancer cells of each group. Results Compared with the SW480 cell group,the OD value（0.66±0.03 vs 0.95±0.04）,the survival rate level [（60.01±5.50）% vs（89.74±6.07）%],the number of monoclonal formation（126.69±39.65 vs 1 985.36±398.52）,the number of transmembrane（256.68±86.21 vs 2 472.57±186.52）,migration distance[（256.68±86.21）vs（2 472.57±196.52）μm] and B7-H3 mRNA protein expression level（0.64±0.27 vs 2.89±0.23,0.23±0.28 vs 1.27±0.23） in As exposure group significantly increased,while the apoptosis rate[（20.30±5.89）% vs（3.40±0.97）%] and the expression level of miR-27a-3p mRNA（3.39±0.41 vs 0.66±0.43） significantly decreased（all P<0.01）. Compared with the As exposure group,the OD value（0.95±0.04 vs 0.84±0.03,0.76±0.03）,the survival rate level[（89.74±3.07）% vs（81.03±3.04）%,（63.56±5.05）%],the number of monoclonal formation（1 985.36±398.52 vs 1 025.63±325.66,562.96±105.59）,the number of transmembrane（2 472.57±186.52 vs 1 842.36±165.52,635.20±189.36）,migration distance[（2 472.57±196.52） vs（1 842.36±165.52）,（1 235.20±189.36）μm] and B7-H3 mRNA protein expression level（2.89±0.23 vs 2.01±0.26,1.53±0.24;1.27±0.23 vs 0.89±0.25,0.53±0.24） in low-and high-dose Gastrodia elata polysaccharide group significantly decreased,while the apoptosis rate[（3.40±0.97）% vs（12.30±1.58）（17.70±0.98）%] and the expression level of miR-27a-3p mRNA（0.66±0.43 vs 1.73±0.36,2.65±0.39）significantly increased（all P<0.01）. And OD value,the survival rate level,the number of monoclonal formation,the number of transmembrane,migration distance and B7-H3 mRNA protein expression level in the high-dose Gastrodia elata polysaccharide group were significantly lower than those in the low-dose Gastrodia elata polysaccharide group,while the apoptosis rate and miR-27a-3p mRNA expression level were significantly higher than those in the low-dose Gastrodia elata polysaccharide group（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The Gastrodia elata polysaccharide can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of colon cancer cells colon cancer cells exposed to arsenic and promote their apoptosis,and the mechanism may be related to the fact that Gastrodia elata polysaccharide promotes the expression of miR-27a-3p and then inhibits the expression of B7-H3.

Analysis on clinical value of combined detection of urine β2-MG and γ-GT in diagnosis of renal injury in patients with occupational lead poisoning

ZENG Xiao-yun, CHEN Wei-yang

2023, 39(12):  1604-1607. 

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Objective To explore the clinical value of combined detection of urineβ 2-microglobulin（β2-MG） and γ-glutamyl transferase（γ-GT） in the diagnosis of renal injury in patients with occupational lead poisoning. Methods A total of 98 occupational lead poisoning patientsadmitted to the Jingmen Second People's Hospital from January 2020 to January 2022 were selected as the observation group. Meanwhile,72 individuals with occupational lead exposure but with normal blood lead level were selected as the control group,and 67 individuals without lead exposure history and with normal blood lead level were selected as the healthy group. The levels of blood lead and zinc protoporphyrin（ZPP） in the three groups of subjects were detected. The blood and urine samples were collected to detect the levels of serum uric acid（UA）,creatinine（Cr） and blood urea nitrogen（BUN）,urine β2-MG and γ-GT. The 24h urinary albumin excretion rate（UAER） of 30mg/24h was taken as the golden standard for kidney injury to analyze the performance of β2-MG,γ-GT alone and in combination to diagnose renal injury in patients with occupational lead poisoning using the receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve. Results The blood lead levelin the observation group,the control group and the healthy group was （631.37±113.85）,（70.13±19.62） and （22.59±5.21）μg/L,respectively. The ZPP level was（3.12±0.36）,（2.85±0.29） and （2.51±0.27）μmol/L,respectively. All differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. There were no statistically significant differences levels of blood UA,Cr and BUN among the three groups（all P>0.05）. The urine β2-MG level in the observation group,the control group and the healthy group was（0.93±0.30）,（0.17±0.04） and （0.13±0.02）mg/L,respectively. The γ-GT level was （91.35±10.62）,（32.28±8.15） and （26.13±5.24）U/L,respectively. All differenceswere statistically significant（all P<0.05）. The ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivity,specificity and area under the curve of urine β2-MG combined with γ-GT to diagnose kidney injury in occupational lead poisoning was 95.90%,94.40% and 0.952,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of alone detection of the two,and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The combined detection of urine β2-MG andγ-GT can be used as important indicators of renal injury in patients with occupational lead poisoning,with high diagnostic value in clinical practice.

Analysis on relationship between personality traits and occupational burnout among 1 067 head nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals of Sichuan Province

HE Ting-ting, LIAO Qiao-ling, LI Ling-li, WANG Jing, ZHAO Chun-lin, YANG Xue

2023, 39(12):  1608-1612. 

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Objective To investigate the status quo of job burnout of head nurses ingrade-A tertiary hospitals of Sichuan Province,explore the relationships between head nurses' personality traits and occupational burnout,and provide evidence for head nurses' training and selection. Methods From April to September 2021,1 067 head nurses from 66 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province were selected proportionally as the survey subjects,investigated by the general situation questionnaire,Maslach burnout inventory-human services survey and Chinese big five personality inventory-brief version,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of job burnout among 1 067 head nurses from 66 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province was （31.78±18.22） points. The dimensions in score from high to low were emotional exhaustion[（17.01±10.29）points],low level of personal accomplishment[（10.60±8.18）points],and depersonalization[（4.17±2.97）points]. The neuroticism of personality traits was positively correlated with emotional exhaustion,low level of personal accomplishment and depersonalization（r=0.339-0.605,all P<0.01）,while agreeableness,conscientiousness,and extroverted personality were negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion,low level of personal accomplishment and depersonalization（r=-0.106--0.525,all P<0.01）. The working years,neuroticism,conscientiousness,agreeableness,extroversion and openness were the important factors affecting job burnout of head nurses. Conclusions The head nurses from 66 grade-Atertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province are in mild job burnout. The head nurses with positive personality traits are less likely to experience job burnout,while the head nurses with neurotic personality are more likely to experience job burnout at work. From the perspective of positive psychology,the leaders and nursing managers of grade-A tertiary hospitals should strengthen the cultivation of positive personality of head nurses,reduce job burnout,and ensure the nursing quality and the smooth development of nursing work.

Mediating effect of psychological resilience on work pressure and job burnout of project managers in 13 national project manager online community

LI Meng-wei, FAN Chun-lei, WANG Li-gang, TAO Ting, GAO Wen-bin

2023, 39(12):  1613-1617. 

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Objective To understand the relationship between work pressure,psychologicalresilience and job burnout of project managers. Methods From February to March 2022,221 project managers were selected from 13 national project managers online communities,a questionnaire investigation was performed by the job stress scale,Connor-Davidsonresilience scale（CD-RISC） and Chinese Maslach burnout inventory（CMBI）,and the data were analyzed. Results The score of work pressure,psychological resilience and job burnout of project managers was （70.13±18.56）,（66.23±13.84） and （33.01±15.57）points,respectively.The psychological resilience was negatively correlated with the dimensions of role stress,interpersonal relationship,career development,organizational mechanism and style and work-family conflicts in job stress（all P<0.01）,and negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion,alienation and low sense of job efficacy（all P<0.01）. The psychological resilience had a partial mediating effect between work pressure and job burnout,accounting for 16.83% of the total effect. Conclusions The work pressureof project managersis capable of exerting a direct effect on job burnout and also reducing the degree of job burnout caused by work pressure through the mediating effect of psychological resilience. The organization can give more attention and support to project managers,and the project managers can improve their own professional competent as well leadership,so as to improve their resilience and reduce the occurrence of job burnout.

Investigation on abnormal dose monitoring of some radiation workers in Chongqing

WU Meng-yun, ZHOU Jing-hua, JIN Jing, YUAN Fang

2023, 39(12):  1618-1621. 

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Objective To analyze the abnormal results of individual dose monitoring of interventional radiation workers in Chongqing,investigated typical casescombined with the results of ocular lens monitoring and biological dose detection,,and put forward rectification suggestions for radiation protection. Methods The interventional radiation workers who counted the abnormal results of individual dose and ocular lens dose in the fourth monitoring cycle in Chongqing in 2021 were investigated by biological dose detection and questionnaire,and the data were analyzed. Results In 2021,a total of 49 people with a dose >1.25 mSv in the fourth monitoring cycle in Chongqing,including 18 in interventional radiology,and nine were abnormal due to the increase of workload during wearing.In the same period,there were 130 person-times of ocular lens dose monitoring of interventional personnel,including four person-times of estimated annual dose exceeding 20 mSv and personal dose exceeding 1.25 mSv. The chromosomal aberration analysis were carried out for those with abnormal ocular lens dose and individual dose,two people had dicentric（1）,one had triadial（1）,and one was normal. Conclusion The abnormal results of individual dose monitoring of interventional radiation workers in Chongqing cannot to be ignored,and it is necessary to strengthen the occupational health monitoring of radiation workers,improve the investigation of abnormal personal dose monitoring,popularize dose monitoring in key parts,and improve the occupational health examination items of radiation workers,and improve the occupational protection.

Development of certified reference materials for ethyl acetate and butyl acetate in activated carbon tubes

LIU Wu-bin, ZHANG Chun-min, YANG Yi-na, FENG Jie

2023, 39(12):  1622-1625. 

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Objective To study the development of ethyl acetate and butyl acetate reference materials in activated carbon tube media,which is used for traceability and quality control of ethyl acetate and butyl acetate in the workplace. Methods The standard samples with high and low concentrations were prepared by directly adding standard solution into activated carbon tube. The homogeneity,stability and uncertainty introduced by fixed values of ethyl acetate and butyl acetate reference materials were evaluated by gas chromatography analysis of the samples. Results The relative standard deviation（RSD） of low and high concentration of ethyl acetate samples in activated carbon tube media was 1.1% and 1.4% respectively,and the RSD of low and high concentration of butyl acetate was 1.4% and 1.7% respectively. The RSDs were all <3%,and the ethyl acetate and butyl acetate in the activated carbon tube have good uniformity and can be stored for five months under 4 ℃ cold storage condition. The measured results showed a significant decrease in 5-9 months,with a decrease rate of about 20%. The calibration analysis on reference materials was conducted,the quality value level of the ethyl acetate standard material was （307.0±13.4）μg at low concentration and（629.0±38.2）μg at high concentration,and the quality value level of butyl acetate standard material was （319.5±20.6）μg at low concentration and （638.5±37.6）μg at high concentration. Conclusion The ethyl acetate and butyl acetate reference materials in activated carbon tubes stored under refrigeration conditions can be used in quality control,traceability and analysis of occupational hygiene samples.

Optimization of UPLC-MS/MS detection method and analysis of detection results of 20 pesticide residues in Ganoderma lucidum in Yunnan Province

RUAN Yan-ming, LIN Ji, HUANG Xiao-qin, CHEN Ru-mei, SUN Ming-yue

2023, 39(12):  1626-1632. 

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Objective To monitor the residue status of 20 pesticides in Ganoderma lucidum sold in Yunnan markets,including 3-hydroxycarbofuran,pyrazole carbendazim,aldicarb,aldicarb sulfoxide, methomyl, prochloraz, propionazole, carbendazim, miriamide,pyrimethamine,triadimefon,carbendazole,oxazol,tebuconazole,pheniconazole,enoylmorpholine,carbofuran,aldicarb sulfoxide,propoxur and thiocarbendazim methyl. Methods After a series of pretreatment on Ganoderma lucidum samples,the samples to be tested were separated by T3 chromatographic column of Waters Company in the United States,A：0.1% acetic acid（containing 20 mmol/L ammonium acetate）;B：methanol solution,the flow rate is 0.2 mL/min,gradient elution at the column temperature of 35 ℃. Results The linear range of 20 pesticides was 5-500 μg/kg,the detection limits of 20 pesticides were 0.44-11.00 μg/kg,the highest of which was aldicarb（11.00 μg/kg） and lowest was prochloraz（0.44 μg/kg）.The recovery rates of 20 pesticides were good, and the average recovery rates were above >70%.Among the samples, the 3-hydroxycarbofuran, aldicarb, metalaxyl, prochloraz, carbendazim, pyrimethamine, tebuconazole, carbofuran, aldicarb sulfone and thiocarbendazim methyl were detected to varying degrees, among which the detection rates of prochloraz（19.4%）, carbendazim（50.6%）, tebuconazole（14.4%）, carbofuran（20.0%） and propoxur（51.9%） were significantly higher than those of other pesticides. Conclusions There is no significant regional difference in the detection of 20 pesticides in Ganoderma lucidum sold in 16 prefectures of Yunnan Province,but the pesticides are detected in all prefectures at varying degrees.There are significant differences in different types of pesticides,among which the detection rates of prochloraz,carbendazim,tebuconazole,carbofuran and propoxur are significantly higher than those of other pesticides.

Influence of salary fairness,salary satisfaction and professional identity on turnover intention of nurses in 12 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province

HU Lin-juan, WU Ji-jun, XIONG Xiao-li, RONG Xian, LIU Zhen-fan

2023, 39(12):  1633-1637. 

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Objective To explore the relationship between salary fairness and turnover intention of nurses,and the mediating effect of salary satisfaction and professional identity between the two. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to select 683 nurses from 12 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province from August to October 2021. They were investigated by the general information questionnaire,salary fairness scale,turnover intention scale,salary satisfaction scale and professional identity scale. The data were analyzed by the descriptive analysis,correlation analysis and structural equation model. Results The scores of turnover intention,salary fairness,salary satisfaction and professional identity in 683 nurses were （14.10±2.63）,（49.50±9.30）,（138.10±21.38） and （95.48±14.77）points,respectively. The correlation analysis showed that the salary fairness was negatively correlated with turnover intention（r=-0.181--0.638,all P<0.05）,the salary satisfaction was negatively correlated with turnover intention（r=-0.256--0.628,all P<0.05）,and the professional identity was negatively correlated with turnover intention（r=-0.194--0.634,all P<0.05）. The salary fairness affected the turnover intention of nurses through the mediating effect of salary satisfaction and professional identity,with mediating effects of -0.087 and -0.115 respectively（both P<0.05）. The salary fairness predicted nurses' turnover intention through chain mediating effect of salary satisfaction and professional identity,and the chain mediating effect was -0.045（P<0.05）. Conclusion The level of turnover intention of nurses ingrade-A tertiary hospitals is high,salary satisfaction and professional identity play a chain mediating role in the relationship between nurses' sense of salary fairness and turnover intention,and the improvement of salary satisfaction and professional identity is the internal cause of nurse' reduced turnover intention induced by salary fairness.

Study on relationship between psychological distress,functional somatic symptoms and sleep quality of emergency medical staff in five grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province

LIU Qing, WANG Ying, LYU Fu-rong

2023, 39(12):  1638-1643. 

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Objective To investigate the status of psychological distress,functional somatic symptoms and sleep quality of emergency medical staff in five grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province,explore their correlation. Methods A total of 314 emergency medical workers from five grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province were selected from February to March 2022 by the convenience sampling method. The psychological distress scale,functional somatic symptoms scale and sleep quality scale were used for data collection. The descriptive analysis,correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to explore the relationship between functional somatic symptoms,psychological distress and sleep quality. Results The sleep quality score of 314 emergency medical workers was （7.71±3.68）points,psychological distress score was （27.64±8.67）points,and functional somatic symptoms score was （31.53±10.84）points. The sleep quality score was positively correlated with psychological distress and functional somatic symptoms scores（all P<0.01）. The psychological distress,functional physical symptoms,marital status,monthly shift frequency（times） and exercise were the main influencing factors of sleep quality among emergency medical workers from grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The sleep quality of medical staff in emergency department of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province is poor,and the managers should take targeted interventions to improve the sleep quality of medical staff and improve their physical and mental health according to influencing factors.

Mediating effect of simple coping style in influence of psychological capital on compassion fatigue among psychological counselors

LIU Jin, FAN Chun-lei, WANG Li-gang, TAO Ting, GAO Wen-bin

2023, 39(12):  1644-1648. 

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Objective To explore the relationship between psychological capital and compassion fatigue of psychological counselors and the mediating effect of simple coping style. Methods By using the self-compiled personal basic information questionnaire,psychological capital questionnaire（PCQ）,simplified coping style questionnaire （SCSQ） and compassion fatigue scale for psychological counselors,the psychological counselors were investigated by issuing questionnaires through Wechat from May to June in 2021,and the data were analyzed. Results The psychological capital score was （96.52±18.91）points,the simple coping style score was（11.34±6.33）points,and the compassion fatigue score was （60.34±32.09）points.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the psychological capital was negatively correlated with compassion fatigue in psychological counselors（r=-0.540,P<0.01）,and the psychological capital was positively correlated with simple coping style（r=0.560,P<0.01）.The mediation analysis showed that simple coping style played a partial intermediary role between psychological capital and compassion fatigue（effect quantity=-0.217）,accounting for 40% of the total effect quantity. Conclusion The psychological consultants can effectively cope with compassion fatigue by improving psychological capital level,and the simple coping style partially mediates the effect of psychological capital on compassion fatigue level.

Cross-sectional study on stress perception and coping style of cardiovascular nurses in Guangdong Province

HUANG Jing, WU Yu-qin, CHEN Ling, CUI Hong, SHEN Tie-mei, PAN Xiao-tong

2023, 39(12):  1649-1653. 

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Objective To investigate the current situation of stress perception and coping style of cardiovascular nurses in Guangdong Province,provide reference for formulating management plans to regulate stress and coping style. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 346 cardiovascular nurses from 21 general hospitals in Guangdong Province from April to May 2021,and the data were analyzed. Results The stress perception score of 346 cardiovascular nurses was （41.15±5.57） points,which was at a high level. The general demographic data had no effect on stress perception（loss of control,tension and total score of stress perception） and stress coping score（all P>0.05）. Among the subscale of stress coping,the scores for problem solving and help seeking were low,with M（P₂₅,P₇₅） of 0.83（0.75,0.91） and 0.70（0.60,0.90）points respectively,while the scores of retreat,rationalization,fantasy and self-blame were high,which were 0.50（0.30,0.60）,0.50（0.40,0.60）,0.40（0.20,0.60）and 0.20（0.1,0.4）points,respectively. The tension was negatively correlated with solutions and help-seeking mature coping style,while positively correlated with coping styles of withdrawal,fantasy and self-blame（all P<0.01）. The sense of loss of control was negatively correlated with coping styles such as retreat,rationalization,fantasy and self-blame,while positively correlated with mature coping styles such as solution and help-seeking（all P<0.01）. Overall,the perceived stress was positively correlated with mature coping style（P<0.05）,and negatively correlated with immature coping style（P<0.05）. Conclusions The stress perception level of 346 cardiovascular nurses from 21 general hospitals in Guangdong Province is in the health risk pressure,and the stress perception is higher than that of nurses in other majors,and their overall coping style adopted is relatively immature. In cardiovascular nurses with mature coping style,the greater the pressure,the more mature the coping style. In cardiovascular nurses with immature coping style,the greater the pressure,the less mature the coping style. The relevant managers should pay attention to it,take appropriate measures to alleviate the pressure,give appropriate training to make cardiovascular nurses face the pressure correctly,and explore the methods of cultivating mature pressure coping style.

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Yulin City from 2015-2021

LIU Jian-feng, ZHANG Jie, LIU Yu-xi, ZHANG Jing-meng

2023, 39(12):  1654-1659. 

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Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Yulin City from 2015 to 2021,provide basis for the government to formulate prevention and control strategies and measures in the future. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to statistically analyze the morbidity and mortality of notifiable infectious diseases in Yulin City from 2015 to 2021. Results From 2015 to 2021,69 101 cases of 28 kinds of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Yulin City. No Class A infectious diseases were reported. The annual average reported incidence rate was 367.45/100 000,and the difference in the incidence rate was statistically significant among different years（χ²=2 774.085,P<0.01）. There were 56 death cases,the average annual mortality rate was 0.30/100 000,the case fatality rate was 0.08%,the death cases of AIDS was the most（38 cases）,accounted for 67.86% of the total death cases. The top five diseases with high incidence were tuberculosis（74.20/100 000）,hand-foot-mouth disease（67.34/100 000）,hepatitis B（61.53/100 000）,syphilis（50.81/100 000）,and other infectious diarrhea（31.79/100 000）. There were seasonal epidemics,occurring in summer-autumn and winter-spring respectively. The age groups with higher incidence were 0-<5（26.15%） and 20-<70（54.71%） years old. The average incidence was 416.80/100 000 in males and 312.43/100 000 in females,and there was statistically significant difference in the incidence rate between sex groups（χ²=1 377.599,P<0.01）. Conclusion From 2015 to 2021,the incidence of notifiable infectious diseases in Yulin City shows a wave-like downward trend,and it is necessary to continue to focus on the prevention and control of diseases with high incidence rate,such as tuberculosis,viral hepatitis,hand-foot-mouth disease,syphilis and other infectious diarrhea,at the same time,to strengthen the prevention and control of brucellosis and other diseases with an upward trend in incidence rate,and formulate corresponding prevention and control measures according to the characteristics of different diseases to effectively control the incidence rate of notifiable infectious diseases.

Construction and implementation of water safety plans for water treatment systems in parks

LIANG Si-si, YANG Xiang-dong, ZHANG Xiao-dan

2023, 39(12):  1660-1665. 

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Objective To formulate a water safety plan（WSP） to protect the sanitation and safety of the landscape water and spray cooling water in the parks. Methods A large park in Shanghai was selected as the research object. The park managers and water quality engineers jointly formulated the WSP and established sanitation management files for landscape water and spray cooling water systems. Based on site inspection studies and water sample analysis,the semi-quantitative risk matrix approach was used to carry out the hazard identification and risk assessment. Results In 2019,a total of nine hazardous events were taken into consideration for the risk assessment. The implementation of monitoring measures in four links,including water distribution system,water storage system,disinfection effect and external environment,could effectively prevent the risk of water pollution. After the implementation of WSP in 2021,the qualified rate of landscape water and spray cooling water was 100%（15/15）,which was higher than 60%（12/20） before the implementation,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusions The application of the WSP to parks water systems is expected to improve the sanitation management of water system in the parkand the quality of landscape water and spray cooling water. WSP is applicable to the health management of all water treatment systems,and it can take preventive and control measures for water treatment systems to ensure water safety.

Analysis on coping styles of incivility of nursing interns in a junior collegein Zhaoqing City

TIAN Jing-jing, BI Xiao-jun, CHEN Xiao-xia, XU Li

2023, 39(12):  1666-1669. 

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Objective To understand the coping style of incivility of nursing interns in a junior collegein Zhaoqing City,so as to provide reference for the effective intervention of nursing interns. Methods From March to April 2022,563 nursing interns from a junior college in Zhaoqing City were collected by the convenient sampling method,their coping styles of incivility were investigated by using the self-made incivility questionnaire and the simple coping style scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The average score of the incivility of 563 nursing students was （40.62±10.69）points. 23.27% of nursing interns had a high level of incivility,the score of positive coping was （20.83±6.63）points,and the score of negative coping was （7.58±4.33）points. There were no statistically significant differences in the coping styles of incivility among nursing interns of different gender,age,practice hospital division,practice time and number of practice departments（all P>0.05）.The difference in the positive copingscore was statistically significant among nursing interns in practice hospital level（P<0.05）. The level of practice hospital was the main influencing factor of positive coping style in nursing interns（P<0.05）. Conclusion In view of the common incivility of nursing interns in a junior college in Zhaoqing City,it is necessary to pay more attention to the nursing students with low level in the practice hospital,improve the incivility of nursing interns,and promote them to better adapt to clinical nursing work.

Study on Sleep status of middle school students of Tajik nationality living in high altitude areas and its relationship with mental health

LIU Yong-qing, Mulatibieke

2023, 39(12):  1670-1673. 

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Objective To understand the sleep status of middle school students of Tajik nationality living in high altitude areas,explore its relationship with mental health,and provide references for middle school students in this area to maintain physical and mental health. Methods In 2021,1 004 middle school students of Tajik nationality in Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County of Xinjiang were surveyed on sleep quality and mental health,and the relationship between the two was analyzed. Results The sleep quality scores of middle school students of Tajik nationality living in high altitude were （5.31±2.86）points,and the proportion of students with good,fair and poor sleep quality was 42.03%,37.15% and 20.82%,respectively.The depression score was （38.94±7.46） points,and 47.11% of the students had depression. The anxiety status score was （35.12±7.82）points,and 27.39% of the students had anxiety. There were statistically significant difference in depression and anxiety scores among students with good,fair and poor sleep quality（all P<0.01）. The logistic regression analysis showed that students of girls（OR=1.54,95%CI：1.18-2.03）,smoking（OR=1.56,95%CI：1.02-2.24）,drinking（OR=1.69,95%CI：1.03-2.72）,with fair sleep quality（OR=1.31,95%CI：0.98-1.68） and poor sleep quality（OR=5.72,95%CI：3.97-7.84） had a higher risk of depression（all P<0.01）,while students with drinking（OR=1.92,95%CI：1.18-3.15）,fair sleep quality（OR=2.61,95%CI：1.85-3.69） and poor sleep quality（OR=10.23,95%CI：7.03-14.79） had a higher risk of anxiety（all P<0.01）. Conclusion The sleep quality of middle school students of Tajik nationality living in high altitude areasis not good,and it is associated with depression and anxiety,so it is necessary to continuously improve sleep quality to promote the development of physical and mental health.

Analysis on cognitive status and influencing factors of basic knowledge about SARS-CoV infection among students in medical colleges in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Zulipiye·Maimaitizunong, Ayinigeer·Aizezi, Maierhaba·Ruze, WANG Fei, WEI Jing-jing

2023, 39(12):  1674-1677. 

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Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of cognition of basic knowledge about SARS-CoV infection among medical college students. Methods From November 2021 to December 2021,the students from medical colleges in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were surveyed. A questionnaire investigation was performed among 1 834 college students to survey the cognitive status of basic knowledge about SARS-CoV infection,and the data were analyzed. Results The awareness rate of basic knowledge about SARS-CoV infection among 1 834 medical college students,and the awareness rates of various items were 88.7%-99.7%. There were statistically significant differences in the awareness rates of discovery pathway of SARS-CoV infection,definition of suspected cases and definition of cluster epidemic among medical college students with different demographic characteristics（all P<0.05）. The gender,specialty and grade were the factors influencing the awareness rate of basic knowledge about SARS-CoV infection（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The overall awareness of basic knowledge about SARS-CoV infection among 1 834 students in medical colleges in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is relatively high,indicating that health education on SARS-CoV infection by education authorities and schools is timely and effective.

Study on correlation between early practice stress and professional values of nursing interns

WU Shuang, TAO Mei-yi, LI Jia-ling, QIAN Shu-qin, ZHOU Li-hong

2023, 39(12):  1678-1681. 

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Objective To understand the professional values,practice stress and their correlation of nursing students in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Changsha City,analyze the influencing factors,so as to establish the professional values of nursing students correctly in clinical practice and reduce the pressure of nursing students in practice. Methods From April to July 2021,a convenience sampling method was used to select 410 nursing interns from 19 schools in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Hunan Province,they were investigated by the general information questionnaire,professional values scale and nursing students' practice stress scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The total average score of practice stress in nursing students was （1.34±0.51） points,the total score of professional values was （93.42±15.33）points,and there was a positive correlation between the two（r=0.192,P<0.01）. The professional values,voluntary choice of nursing specialty and personal school achievement were independent influencing factors of practice stress（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The practice stress and professional values of nursing students are at the medium level,and there is a correlation between them,so it is necessary to actively cultivate professional values during nursing practice,while also paying attention to reducing the practice pressure of nursing students.

A meta-analysis of prevalence and influencing factors of late detection of HIV infections/AIDS cases in China

ZHAO Ta-na, ZENG Yin-ru, LI Wen-rui, MA Xiu-juan, HAN Xin-yi, ZHANG Zhi-gang

2023, 39(12):  1682-1685. 

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Objective To systematically evaluate the late detection of people infected with human immunodeficiency virus（HIV）/patients with acquired immuno deficiency syndrome（AIDS） in China and its influencing factors,provide a basis for relevant preventive measures. Methods The CNKI,Wanfang,Weipu,China biomedical literature database,Web of Science,PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library databases were retrievedsystematically,to collect the cross-sectional studies on the influencing factors of late detection of HIV infections/AIDS casesin China. The search time is from database establishment to July 2022,and the meta analysis is carried out using Stata 15.0 software. Results A total of 20 studies with a total sample size of 141 424 were included.The results of meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of late detection of HIV infections/AIDS casesin China was 35%（95%CI：32%-38%. The male（OR=1.444,95%CI：1.266-1.647）,advanced age（OR=3.027,95%CI：2.522-3.634）,married and have a spouse（OR=1.403,95%CI：1.237-1.591）,divorced or widowed（OR=1.350,95%CI：1.236-1.476）,occupation（farmer,migrant worker,worker）（OR=1.411,95%CI：1.107-1.799）,the route of infection is heterosexual transmission（OR=1.390,95%CI：1.219-1.585）,the sample source was an STD clinic（OR=2.068,95%CI：1.141-3.749）,and the sample source was a medical institution（OR=1.975,95%CI：1.627-2.397）were the influencing factors of late detection of HIV infections/AIDS cases in China（all P<0.05）. Conclusions At present,the late detection of HIV/AIDS cases in China is affected by a variety of potential factors. Therefore,the interventions should be given as early as possible for their controllable factors,focusing on high-risk groups,expanding the scope of detection,and achieving early detection,early diagnosis,and early treatment.

Current situation and hotspot analysis of AIDS health education research in China in recent 10 years

QING Yan, LIU Rui, HUANG Xiao-ling, FANG Xin, LIU Lin

2023, 39(12):  1686-1690. 

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Objective To analyze the hotspots and frontiers ofacquired immune deficiency syndrome（AIDS） health education research in China in the past 10 years,provide direction and reference for the future development of this field. Methods By searching China national knowledge infrastructure（CNKI）,Chinese biomedical literature database（CBM）,Wanfang,and VIP databases from January 1,2012 to December 31,2021,the related literature on AIDS health education was visually analyzed using CiteSpace software. Results A total of 1 211 papers were selected from the 3 498 papers after screening. The author who published the most papers is LIU Tong-tong,seven papers altogether. The institution with the largest number of publications is the Center for STD and AIDS Prevention of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,with 27 publications. The research hotspots are mother-to-child transmission,prevention and control,infected persons,students,floating population,peer education,and micro-video. The research frontiers are young students and internet+. Conclusion There is still a need to strengthen cooperation and exchanges between authors and institutions of AIDS health education research,and the researchers should pay attention to research hotspots and focus on research frontiers,so as to promote the further development of the field of health education and the innovation of health education models.

Investigation and Research

Analysis on human brucellosis surveillance results in Yanqi County of Xinjiang from 2019-2021

Ayixiamu·Kkeyoumu, ZHAO Jiang-shan, YU Rong, CHENG Xia, Maimaitijiang·Wumaier, ZHANG Hai-ting

2023, 39(12):  1691-1694. 

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Objective To analyze the epidemic situation and epidemic characteristics of brucellosis in Yanqi County of Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang,provide the epidemiological data for future development of prevention and control measures. Methods The serological testing was performed on high-risk populations for brucellosis in Yanqi County from 2019 to 2021,and the test results were analyzed statistically. Results From 2019 to 2021,a total of 3 525 key people for brucellosis were monitored,and 2 208 serum samples were collected. The average positive rate of blood testing was 11.82% and the average prevalence rate was 6.35%. Thepositive rate of blood testing and prevalence rate decreased gradually in three years（χ²=49.503, 15.539,both P<0.01）.The positive rate of blood testing and prevalence rate in Beidaqu township were the highest,which was 19.21% and 11.33% respectively. There was a positive correlation between the positive rate of blood testing and prevalence rate in townships（r=0.95,P<0.01）. For the occupational distribution,the positive rate of blood testing and prevalence rate were higher in herdsmen and farmers,and lower in students and medical staff（all P<0.01）. Conclusion The human brucellosis epidemic in Yanqi County from 2019 to 2021 show a continuous downward trend,but the epidemic situation of human brucellosisis still relatively serious in some townships,especially the prevalence rate of high-risk occupational groups is relatively high,and monitoring and intervention in key areas and populations should be further strengthened.

Health Management and Research

Investigation on radiation source distribution and health emergency resources in Daxing District of Beijing

FENG Hong-jie, YAO Mei-nan, YUAN Ming, JIANG Xue-song, CUI Li-meng, MA Yong-zhong

2023, 39(12):  1695-1699. 

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Objective To master the existing radiation risk factors and the distribution of health emergency resources in Daxing District of Beijing,provide the basis of health emergency treatment and formulation of prevention and control strategy of radiation accidents. Methods The existing radiation source application units in Daxing District of Beijing were used as the objects of investigation. The current situation of types,places,personnel and radiation protection resources in Daxing District of Beijing was obtained by means of investigation,and the evaluation was carried out according to relevant laws and regulations and technical standards. Results By the end of December 2021,97 radiological work units had radiation risk factors in Daxing District of Beijing,including 269 medical radiation devices and 1 Level-B unsealed source site,and 73 non-medical ray devices with 3 sealed sources. At present,there are 827 radiation workers in the district,and the completion rate of individual dose monitoring and occupational health examination for radiation work were both 100.00%. 99.64% of radiation workers have received training on radiation protection knowledge and laws and regulations,and the certification rate of medical radiation workers was 99.57%. Daxing District of Beijing has established a public health emergency organization system for health emergencies involving emergency response of radiation accident,and is equipped with 85 emergency radiation monitoring devices. Conclusion There are a large number of radiation sources distributed in Daxing District widely,and the points involved in radiation risk factors are complicated and difficult to supervise,therefore,it is necessary to further promote the construction of local radiation accident emergency system.

Overview

Current situation and influencing factors of nurses' disaster nursing competence

ZHOU Yi-fan, ZHANG Yong-qin, ZHANG Shi-yuan, CUI Na, JIANG Guan-hua, NING Jing

2023, 39(12):  1700-1704. 

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With the increasing trend of large-scale and complexity of disaster events,the related research on disaster nursing has been growing,and the disaster nursing competence of nurses has gradually become the focus of people's attention.At present,the level of global disaster nursing competence is seriously unbalanced,and nurses at home and abroad cannot effectively cope with disasters. The paper reviews the present situation and influencing factors of nurses' disaster nursing competence,summarizes them from four aspects：demographic factors,personal factors,career-relatedfactors and social support,and proposes to pay attention to the mental health of nurses,strengthen education,training,and international cooperation efforts,so as to provide reference for formulating countermeasures to improve nurses' disaster nursing competence and implementing disaster nursing teaching and training.

A research review of current status and influencing factors of insomnia among medical personal

WANG Xiao-qing

2023, 39(12):  1705-1708. 

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The insomnia is a common clinical disease,which can cause a variety of acute and chronic diseases. As a special group,medical staff should pay more attention to it. In order to reduce the psychosomatic harm caused by insomnia,we review the current situation,influencing factors and adverse health outcomes of medical staff. It is found that the potential incidence of insomnia among medical staff is constantly increasing,which can induce or worsen multiple systemic diseases such as glucose and lipid metabolism,emotional disorders,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular circulation and gastrointestinal function,and has become a serious public health problem.It is suggested that the adverse environmental factors should be avoided,and the protective factors such as physical exercise should be implemented. At present,there is a lack of systematic intervention programs in the researches on insomniaamong medical staff,and there is a lack of relevant research on traditional Chinese medicine. We should attach importance to and investigate the issues related to insomnia among medical personnel,adhere to the complementary advantages of traditional Chinese and Western medicine,and improve the prevention and treatment of insomnia among medical personnel.

Research progress on spiritual health of nurses

LU Qi, SUN Le-fei, GAO Wei, YAN Chang, DING Xin-shu, LIU De-shan

2023, 39(12):  1709-1713. 

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As an important component of overall health,spiritual health has an impact on nurses' physical and mental state and nursing quality.This paper reviews and summarizes the related concepts and common evaluation tools of spiritual health,analyzes the influencing factors and related research of nurses' spiritual health at home and abroad,and points out that nursing managers need to pay attention to nurses' spiritual health and give reasonable and scientific preventive measures to help nurses maintain a better spiritual health,so as to improve the quality of nursing.

Research of miRNAs in myocardial fibrosis

HUANG Li-li, LI Zhi-qiang, HU Guang-ling, YANG Qiao-fang

2023, 39(12):  1714-1718. 

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The myocardial fibrosis refers to the proliferation of cardiac interstitial fibroblasts and the increase of extracellular matrix components,which lead to myocardial stiffness and diastolic dysfunction,and ultimately lead to cardiac pathological changes of cardiac insufficiency. In recent years,miRNA has been found to play a role in myocardial fibrosis and anti-fibrosis. The miRNA can participate in the pathogenesis of myocardial fibrosis by regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of fibroblasts and other processes. The paper reviews the research progress and current status of miRNA in myocardial fibrosis in recent years,in order to provide reference for related studies.

Research progress of unbalanced data classification and its application in disease diagnosis

ZOU Qiong, WANG Chong

2023, 39(12):  1719-1725. 

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The imbalance of data distribution between different classes is called the imbalance between classes. The number of samples in different categories in unbalanced data varies greatly. In recent years,machine learning algorithm has been a popular choice for diagnosis,analysis and prediction of diseases,because it saves time than traditional diagnosis methods,and can directly predict the relevant factors causing diseases to reduce the harm and reduce the burden of individuals and society. The paper reviews the machine learning methods used in imbalanced data processing in recent years,focusing on their application in predicting cancer,heart disease,diabetes and its complications,and other diseases.

Research progress on occupational stress hazards and influencing factors

WANG Lu

2023, 39(12):  1726-1729. 

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With the accelerated pace of modern life and the increase of pressure in all aspects,the problem of occupational stress is becoming more and more obvious. Although occupational stress will not cause clear occupational diseases,it can affect the body in a non-specific way,and its long-term effect will have a harmful impact on human health.In terms of long-term and wide benefits,it is essential to prevent and alleviate occupational stress. It is of great social significance to recognize,evaluate and prevent occupational stress and ensure the health of all occupational groups.In recent years,the research on occupational stress has attracted more and more attention. By collecting and sorting out the latest relevant research results,this paper summarizes the harm of occupational stress to health and its influencing factors,so as to provide clues for the prevention of occupational stress and achieve the goal of protecting workers' health.