Table of Content

15 July 2023, Volume 39 Issue 14

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Treatise

Application of analytic hierarchy process in determiningweight coefficients of index system for occupational hazard risk assessment

SU Ying, LUO Lei, LI Jimeng, HUANG Shaoling, XU Mingzhong, XIAO Fang

2023, 39(14):  1873-1880. 

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Objective To analyze the indexes of the occupational hazard risk assessment system in the workplace,screen the key assessment elements,and provide technical basis for the supervision of health administration departments and the prevention of employers. Methods From August to December 2020,a questionnaire survey was conducted among the occupational disease prevention and control medical personnel,occupational health management personnel of the employer and key workers exposed to occupational hazards in Hunan Province. The analytic hierarchy process was performed to establish the hierarchical structure of occupational hazard risk assessment,construct a pairwise comparison judgment matrix,and conduct a consistency test on the judgment matrix,in order to determine the weight coefficients of index at all levels. Results The index system of occupational hazard risk assessment can be divided into nine first-level indices and 59 second-level indices. All these index weights satisfied the consistency test. The weight coefficients of the first-level indexes were ranked from high to low as follows：the medical personnel of occupational disease prevention and control paid most attention to occupational health monitoring（0.196 9）,the occupational hazard protection facilities（0.169 6）,the characteristics of chemical poisons（0.165 6）,the occupational health management personnel of the employer attached great importance to occupational health monitoring（0.198 3）,the investigation of public health emergencies （0.152 5）, the emergency rescue measures（0.135 0）,exposed workers paid most attention to emergency rescue measures（0.167 3）,the occupational health surveillance（0.154 9）,and the protective facilities for occupational hazards（0.148 1）. Conclusion It is scientific and feasible to determine the weight of index system for occupational hazard risk assessment by using analytic hierarchy process,which is conducive to screening key indexes of occupational hazard risk assessment and providing technical basis for occupational hazard risk management,prevention and control.

Value of serum miR-135a-5p and TRPC1 levels in prognostic assessment of occupational asthma

LIU Wei, HUANG Qingtian, LIU Juan

2023, 39(14):  1881-1885. 

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Objective To study the predictive value of serum microRNA-135a-5p（miR-135a-5p） and transient receptor potential channel 1（TRPC1） in the prognosis of occupational asthma. Methods From January 2019 to March 2021,96 occupational asthma patients admitted to Laiwu Central Hospital of Shandong Yiyang Health Group were regarded as the observation group,and were grouped into mild group,moderate group and severe group according to the severity of the disease. The patients were grouped into a recurrence group and a non-recurrence group according to whether there was recurrence within 1 year of follow-up after treatment. 92 healthy subjects served as the control group.The level of serum miR-135a-5p was detected by quantitative real-time PCR（qRT-PCR）.The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to detect serum levels of TRPC1 and airway inflammatory markers interleukin（IL）-4,IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）.The forced expiratory volume in one second （FEV1） forced vital capacity（FVC）,and maximum expiratory flow（PEF） were detected by spirometry,and FEV1/FVC was calculated. The correlation of serum miR-135a-5p and TRPC1 with pulmonary function indexes and airway inflammation indexes in occupational asthma patients was analyzed by Pearson correlation.The factors affecting the recurrence of occupational asthma were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.The value of serum miR-135a-5p and TRPC1 alone and in combination in predicting recurrence in patients with occupational asthma was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve. Results The level of serum miR-135a-5p in the observation group was obviously lower than that in the control group（P<0.05）,and the level of TRPC1 was obviously higher than that in the control group（P<0.05）.With the increase of disease severity,the level of serum miR-135a-5p decreased and the level of TRPC1 increased（all P<0.05）.The levels of serum miR-135a-5p,FEV1/FVC,PEF,and IL-12 in the recurrence group were obviously lower than those in the non-recurrence group（P<0.05）,and level of TRPC1,IL-4 and TNF-α were obviously higher than those in the non-recurrence group（all P<0.05）. The serum miR-135a-5p in patients with occupational asthma was positively correlated with FEV1/FVC,PEF and IL-12（r=0.492,0.486,0.487,all P<0.05）,and negatively correlated with IL-4 and TNF-α（r=-0.479,-0.491,all P<0.05）. The TRPC1 was negatively correlated with FEV1/FVC,PEF and IL-12（r=-0.504,-0.494,-0.504,all P<0.05）,and positively correlated with IL-4 and TNF-α（r=0.481,0.495,all P<0.05）.The miR-135a-5p was a protective factor for 1-year recurrence in occupational asthma patients,and TRPC1 was an independent risk factor for 1-year recurrence in occupational asthma patients（P<0.05）. The area under the curve（AUC） of serum miR-135a-5p and TRPC1 levels alone and in combination to predict recurrence in occupational asthma patients was 0.849,0.777 and 0.881,respectively. Conclusion The combined detection of serum miR-135a-5p and TRPC1 can effectively predict the prognosis of occupational asthma.

Expression of inflammatory factors related to kidney injury and FGF21 in mice induced by natural inhalation of PM_2.5

WANG Meng, WANG Ying, ZHANG Min, ZHANG Zhong, LI Shuyin, WANG Xuguang

2023, 39(14):  1886-1890. 

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Objective To investigate the expression of inflammatory factors and fibroblast growth factor 21（FGF21） in the kidneys of mice induced by fine natural inhalation of particulate matter 2.5（PM_2.5）,inferwhether FGF21 is expected to be a potential biological indicator in kidney damage caused by natural inhalation of PM_2.5. Methods According to the random number table method,52 healthy male mice aged 6 weeks were randomly divided into the control group（natural inhalation of air） and the experimental group（PM_2.5 exposure group）,with 26 mice in each group. The experimental group naturally inhaled PM_2.5 aerosol for 28 weeks. HE staining was used to observe the pathological morphology of the mouse kidneys. The immunohistochemical method was used to detect the protein expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）,interleukin 1β（IL-1β）,interleukin 6（IL-6）and fibroblast growth factor 21（FGF21）.And the correlation between FGF21 and TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 was analyzed. Results Compared with the control group,the kidneys of the mice in the experimental group had obvious pathological damage,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Compared with the control group,the expression levels of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 in the kidney of mice in the experimental group increased,while the expression level of FGF21 decreased,and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. The FGF21 was negatively correlated with TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6（all P<0.05）. Conclusions The natural inhalation of PM_2.5 can cause significant kidney damage in mice,inhibit the expression of FGF21 in the kidney,and promote the inflammatory factor TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 expression. The FGF21 is negatively correlated with TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6.It is speculated that FGF21 may become a potential biological indicator in kidney damage caused by natural inhalation of PM_2.5.

Application of four occupational health risk assessment methods in laboratory of a chemical enterprise in Langfang City

WANG Fengjiao, TIAN Haixia, GUO Hang, WANG Dan

2023, 39(14):  1891-1896. 

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Objective To explore the applicability of four occupational health risk assessment methods to the laboratory of chemical enterprises. Methods From November to December 2021,an occupational health survey was conducted in the laboratory of a chemical enterprise in Langfang City.The occupational health risk of chemical poisons exposed to laboratory workers was assessed by the semi quantitative risk assessment method for occupational exposure to chemical poisons of Singapore ministry of manpower （MOM）,the assignment quantitative method and matrix method of occupational health risk assessment method of the international council on mining and metals（ICMM）,and the occupational health risk assessment method of the international chemical control toolki（ICCT）. Results By the MOM method,the exposure risks level of laboratory workers were as follows：petroleum ether was medium risk,aromatic solvent oil,xylene,diethylene glycol methyl ether and diesel oil were low risk,and others were negligible risk.By the assignment quantitative method of the ICMM,the exposure risks level of laboratory workers were as follows：aromatic solvent oil,xylene,crude oil,petroleum ether,diethylene glycol methyl ether and isooctanol were high risks,and ethanol and diesel oil were tolerable risks.By the matrix method of the ICMM,the laboratory workplace had no or very low risks.By the ICCT method,petroleum ether in the laboratory was more likely to cause occupational hazards,and other workplaces were less likely to cause occupational hazards. Conclusions The four risk assessment methods are applicable to laboratory assessment.The laboratory gives priority to MOM risk assessment method,followed by ICMM assignment quantitative method.The ICCT assessment method and ICMM matrix method are simple to operate and can guide the laboratories of small and medium-sized enterprises to quickly carry out occupational health risk assessment.

Current situation assessment of occupational hazards in a salt chemical engineering of Ya'an City

TAN Wenzhu

2023, 39(14):  1897-1900. 

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Objective To evaluate the current situation of occupational hazards in a salt chemical enterprise in Ya'an City,put forward improvement measures for occupational disease prevention and control. Methods From September to November 2021,a comprehensive evaluation was conducted using the occupation health investigation and on-site monitoring of occupational disease hazards in the workplace. Results The noise and dust were the main occupational hazards of the enterprise. The noise intensity range was 74.1-84.2 dB（A）,and the dust concentration range was 0.5-2.1 mg/m³. The chlorine,hydrogen chloride,sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate were detected in one post respectively,and none of them were detected,with a pass rate of 100%. In the occupational health examination,the abnormal hearing was found in five workers and abnormal chest radiograph was found in four workers,and no occupational contraindication or suspected occupational disease was found. Conclusion The protective measures against the occupational hazards are effective and feasible,and the occupational health monitoring needs to be further improved to meet the requirements of the relevant laws and standards.

Analysis on characteristics of new pneumoconiosis cases in Ganluo County of Liangshan Prefecture from 2009-2021

LONG Yiqian, WAHG Xiaolin, MENG Qingchun

2023, 39(14):  1901-1904. 

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Objective To understand the characteristics of new pneumoconiosis cases in Ganluo County of Liangshan Prefecture,provide basis for the prevention and control of occupational diseases in the county. Methods The information of newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis patients from 2009 to 2021 was collected from the "occupational disease and health hazard monitoring information system". According to the national classification of pneumoconiosis and the national economic industry classification,its epidemic characteristics were analyzed using relevant statistical software. Results From 2009 to 2021,1 064 new cases of pneumoconiosis were reported in Ganluo County of Liangshan Prefecture,99.91% of them were male and 99.44% cases were silicosis.The number of new pneumoconiosis cases peaked in 2011,and then showed a downward trend.The scale of enterprises was mainly small enterprises. The industry was mainly mining industry,98.21% distributed in non-ferrous metal mining and dressing industry,and 73.97% were rock drillers.55.64% of pneumoconiosis patients had been exposed to dust for 5-<10 years,and all of them were silicosis patients. The median（M） of onset age of pneumoconiosis in each stage was 44.0,44.0 and 43.5 years old,respectively,which tended to be the consistent. The median（M） of dust exposureduration was 6.08,6.29 and 7.25 years,respectively.The pneumoconiosis became more severe with the increase of dust exposure duration（correlation coefficient G=0.219,P<0.01）. There was statistically significant difference in dust exposure duration between rock drillers and blasting workers（P<0.01）. Conclusions The new pneumoconiosis cases in Ganluo County of Liangshan Prefecture is generally characterized by short dust exposure duration,young onset age,and mass cases. Although the incidence rate has significantly decreased in recent years,the occupational health examination rate is low,the occupational health work is not comprehensive,and the overall situation is grim. Therefore,it is necessary to pay more attention to it and strengthen occupational health management.

Analysis of correlation between psychological capital,workplace violence and job burnout in nurses

HE Taotao, HUANG Jing, SONG Caini, LIU Jia, PI Xifeng

2023, 39(14):  1905-1910. 

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Objective To explore the relationship between psychological capital,workplace violence and job burnout in nurses,provide a theoretical basis for managers to develop targeted strategies to reduce nurses' job burnout. Methods From April to May 2022,1 541 nurses from 11 hospitals in Hunan Province were selected by convenience sampling method,the survey was performed on them using a general information questionnaire,workplace violence questionnaire,psychological capital scale,and occupational burnout scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of psychological capital,workplace violence and job burnout in 1 541 nurses was （88.71±17.08）,（2.00±2.35） and （49.08±13.78）points,respectively.The psychological capital of nurses was negatively associated with workplace violence,negatively associated with emotional failure and cynicism,and positively associated with low achievement（r=-0.252,-0.357,-0.313,0.277,all P<0.01）.The workplace violence was positively associated with emotional exhaustion,cynicism,negatively associated with low sense of achievement,and negatively associated with psychological capital（r=0.297,0.277,-0.090,-0.252,all P<0.01）.The related factors affecting nurses' job burnout were place of birth,hospital,total number of late night shifts,and matching between salary and labor intensity. Conclusions Improving nurses' psychological capital is beneficial to reduce the occurrence of workplace violence and job burnout.It is suggested that nursing managers should pay attention to the cultivation and improvement of nurses' psychological capital,so as to reduce workplace violence,promote nurses' professional identity,reduce job burnout and turnover rate,and stabilize the nursing talent team in the hospital.

Analysis on monitoring results of elements in poultry liver in parts of Yunnan Province in 2021

LI Guangming, YANG Zaiying, ZHANG Ting, YANG Ping

2023, 39(14):  1911-1915. 

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Objective To investigate the content of elements in the liver of fresh and frozen poultry in some areas of Yunnan Province,and analyze the differences,so as to provide reference for reasonable diet of residents. Methods From June to November 2021,40 samples of fresh and frozen poultry livers in supermarkets and farmers' markets in 10 regions with large consumption in Yunnan Province were collected. The 15 elements of aluminum（Al）,arsenic（As）,barium（Ba）,cadmium（Cd）,chromium（Cr）,copper（Cu）,mercury（Hg）,lithium（Li）,manganese（Mn）,nickel（Ni）,lead（Pb）,antimony（Sb）,selenium（Se）,tin（Sn）,and vanadium（V） in avian liver were detected by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）.The differences of elements content in poultry livers from different species and different producing areas were analyzed,and the correlation between elements content was evaluated. Results The detection rate of 15 elements was 93%（14/15）,among which the detection rates of trace elements Cu,Se,Mn,and Cr were 100%（40/40）,and the detection rate of V,Sn and Ni was 90%（36/40）,35%（14/40） and 7.5%（3/40）,respectively. The detection rates of other heavy metals ranged from 0 to 100%（Sb,0/40,Cd,40/40）.There were statistically significant differences in the contents of eight elements（Pb,Cu,Se,Cd,Cr,Li,Mn,Ni） among different poultry livers（all P<0.05）,while differences in the contents of other seven elements were not statistically significant（all P>0.05）. Conclusions There are statistically significant differences in the contents of elements between fresh and frozen poultry liver in some areas of Yunnan Province（P<0.05）,and the differences in the contents of Pb,Cd,Cu,Se,Mn are the most obvious,with the highest coefficient of variation.The impact of different origins and breeding methods on the elemental content of poultry liver is not obvious,and the differences are not statistically significant（P>0.05）.The content of trace elements in poultry liver is rich,and heavy metal elements such as Pb do not exceed national standards.

Analysis on application value of combined detection of urinary RBP,β2-MG and NAG in early diagnosis of occupational lead poisoning with renal injury

ZENG Fansi, LIU Lu

2023, 39(14):  1916-1920. 

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Objective To explore the application value of combined detection of urinary retinol binding protein（URBP）,β2-microglobulin（β₂-MG） and β-N-acetylglucosidase（NAG） in the early diagnosis of occupational lead poisoning with renal injury. Methods Totally 63 cases of patients with occupational lead poisoning admitted to Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Central Hospital from January 2018 to June 2021 were selected as the poisoning group,60 health examination people with a history of occupational lead exposure during the same period but with normal blood lead level were selected as the normal group,and 50 cases of healthy people with health examination who had no occupational lead exposure history and had normal blood lead level were enrolled as the control group. The observation and comparison were performed on blood lead,urinary lead,erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin（ZPP）,blood urea nitrogen（BUN）,creatinine（Cr）,uric acid（UA）,cystatin C（CysC）,urinary RBP,β₂-MG and NAG.The correlation of urinary RBP,β₂-MG,NAG with blood lead and urinary lead was analyzed.The receiver operating characteristic curve（ROC） was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of urinary RBP,β₂-MG,NAG alone and in combination on early renal injury. Results The levels of blood lead,urinary lead and ZPP in the poisoning group were higher than those in the normal group and the control group（all P<0.05）,and the levels in the normal group were higher than those in the control group（all P<0.05）.There were statistically significant differences in the levels of renal function indicators such as BUN,Cr,UA and CysC among the three groups（all P>0.05）.The levels of urinary RBP,β₂-MG and NAG were higher in the poisoning group than those in the normal group and the control group（all P<0.05）. The levels of urinary RBP,β₂-MG and NAG in the normal group were higher than those in the control group（all P<0.05）. The urinary RBP,β₂-MG and NAG were positively correlated with blood lead and urinary lead（all P<0.05）.The area under the curve,sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of early lead poisoning with renal injury were 0.875,84.13% and 78.33% by URBP（P<0.05）,were 0.950,90.48% and 90.00% by β₂-MG（P<0.05）,were 0.565,77.78% and 35.00% by NAG（P>0.05）,and were 0.991,93.65% and 98.33% of combined diagnosis by combined diagnosis.The combined diagnosis had the best efficiency on diagnosis of early lead poisoning with renal injury（P<0.05）. Conclusion The combined detection of urinary RBP,β2-MG and NAG can be used as an important early detection indicator for people with occupational lead poisoning complicated with renal injury,and it is worthy of clinical promotion.

Study on auxiliary hypoglycemic function of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

ZHANG Li, GUAN Tong, LI Min, ZHANG Dalong, ZHANG Jing, QIAN Zhiyong

2023, 39(14):  1921-1924. 

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Objective To study the auxiliary hypoglycemic effect of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii on alloxan-induced insulin-resistant glucose/lipid metabolism metabolism disorder model rats. Methods Totally 75 Wistar rats were fed with a high-calorie diet supplemented with intraperitoneal injection of alloxan[105 mg/（kg·bw）] to establish an insulin-resistant glucose/lipid metabolism disorder model.The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii powder was orally administered at doses of 0.5,1.0 and 2.0 g/（kg·bw·d） for 33 consecutive days,and the fasting blood glucose and glucose tolerance index,serum cholesterol（CHO）,triglyceride（TG） and insulin resistance index were measured,to investigate the auxiliary hypoglycemic effect of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in rats.At the same time,20 Wistar rats were divided into a dose group[2.0 g/（kg·bw·d）] and a control group.They were orally given Chlamydomonas reinhardtii powder for 33 consecutive days and fed with common feed,and the fasting blood glucose was measured,to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in normal rats. Results For insulin resistance glucose/lipid metabolism disorder model rats,the area under the blood glucose curve of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii powder[2.0 g/（kg·bw·d）] was lower than that of the model control group（P<0.05）,and the result of glucose tolerance index was positive.Compared with the model control group,the blood lipid CHO and TG of each dose group had no significant increase（P>0.05）. The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii powder had no effect on fasting blood glucose of normal rats. Conclusion The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has an auxiliary hypoglycemic effect on insulin-resistant glucose/lipid metabolism disorder rats.

Analysis on internal exposure to arsenic and selenium in residents of central and western Yunnan in 2017

LI Yang, YANG Jianbin, LI Jianyun, DI Juan, ZHANG Xuhui, ZHANG Ruixian

2023, 39(14):  1925-1928. 

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Objective To grasp the internal exposure to arsenic（As） and selenium（Se） in the permanent residents in central and western Yunnan,as well as regional and population distribution characteristics. Methods The multi-stage complex sampling,proportional probability sampling,and stratified random sampling were adopted to determine the monitoring points,survey units and respondents in Yunnan Province.In accordance with the principle of informed consent,the peripheral venous blood and urine samples of the subjects were collected,packed,transported,and tested of As and Se in the laboratory.Microsoft Excel,SPSS 25.0 and GraphPad Prism 8 were using for data sorting and analysis. Results A total of 720 permanent residents incentral and western Yunnan Province were surveyed in 2017,then the number of valid blood samples and urine samples were 709 and 719,respectively.The median of As in blood and urine was 2.40 and 19.38 μg/L respectively,while that of Se was 82.40 and 14.56 μg/L respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the concentrations of blood As,urine As,blood Se and urine Se among residents in different regions,and between urban and rural residents（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the concentrations of blood As and urine Se among residents in different age and gender（all P<0.05）. The urine Se concentration of males was lower than that of females（P<0.01）. Conclusion The regional and population distribution differences of internal exposure to As and Se are found among the permanent residents in central and western Yunnan,and the blood As and Se of the residents in central Yunnan are higher than those in western Yunnan.

Relationship between structural empowerment,innovative behavior,self-efficacy and career success among cardiology nurses from six grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province

WANG Lei, WANG Xiaoxia, JIN Xiaoling, SHU Jiong, LI Jia

2023, 39(14):  1929-1934. 

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Objective To investigate the status quo of empowerment,innovative behavior,self-efficacy and career success among cardiology nurses from six grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province,analyze the mediating role of innovative behavior and self-efficacy between structural empowerment and career success. Methods Using the convenience sampling method,a total of 219 nurses in department of cardiology from six grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province were investigated by general information scale,innovation behavior scale,self-efficacy scale and career success scale from February to April 2022,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of structural empowerment,innovative behavior,self-efficacy and career success of cardiology nurses from six grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province were （63.76±14.28）,（21.42±6.84）,（27.59±7.43） and （35.73±9.87）points,respectively.The structural empowerment,innovative behavior and self-efficacy were positively correlated with career success（all P<0.05）. The innovation behavior and self-efficacy played a partial mediating role between structural empowerment and career success of nurses in cardiology department,and the indirect effect accounted for 42.75% of the total effect. Conclusions The career success of nurses in the cardiology department from six grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province is at a medium level.The career success is closely related to structural empowerment,innovative behavior and self-efficacy.The nursing managers should provide nurses with opportunities to obtain professional knowledge,create a good working environment,enhance nurses' sense of empowerment,and achieve high-level career success.

Study on effect of psychological resilience and compassion fatigue on turnover intention of oncology nurses in 12 grade-A tertiary hospitals in western China

XIAO Kaimei, LUO Xi, WEI Jun

2023, 39(14):  1935-1939. 

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Objective To investigate the status of psychological resilience,compassion fatigue and turnover intention of oncology nurses in 12 grade-A tertiary hospitals in western China,explore the risk factors of turnover intention in oncology nurses. Methods Using convenience sampling method,286 oncology nurses from 12 grade-A tertiary hospitals in western China were investigated with psychological resilience scale,compassion fatigue scale and turnover intention scale from April to May 2022.The mediating effect was analyzed by AMO 24.0. Results The scores of psychological resilience,compassion fatigue and turnover intention of nurses in the oncology department of grade-A tertiary hospitals were （61.32±12.17）,（55.96±10.14） and （11.03±3.94）points,respectively.The univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the scores of psychological resilience,compassion fatigue and turnover intention among oncology nurses with different gender,marital status,educational level,professional title,length of service in oncology department,health status,and attitude towards nursing（all P<0.05）.The correlation analysis showed that the total score of psychological resilience and the scores of each dimension were negatively correlated with the total score of turnover intention and the scores of each dimension（r=-0197--0.597,all P<0.05）,the total score and each dimension score of psychological resilience were negatively correlated with the total score and each dimension score of compassion fatigue（r=-0.205--0.558,all P<0.05）,and the total score of compassion fatigue and the scores of each dimension were positively correlated with the total score of turnover intention and the scores of each dimension（r=0.167-0.445,all P<0.05）.The mediating effect analysis showed that compassion fatigue had a partial mediating effect on the psychological resilience and turnover intention of oncology nurses（β=0.286,P<0.01）,and the mediating effect accounted for 21.35% of the total effect. Conclusions The turnover intention of oncology nurses in 12 grade-A tertiary hospitals in western China is prominent,and the psychological resilience is the protective factor.The nursing managers should take targeted intervention strategies according to the influencing factors to improve the psychological resilience of oncology nurses and reduce compassion fatigue,so as to promote their physical and mental health and reduce turnover intention.

Effect of perfectionism personality on procrastination and autonomous learning ability of clinical nurses in naval hospital

XU Sijia, ZHANG Man, HU Shanbo, PENG Yujie, LIU Qin

2023, 39(14):  1940-1945. 

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Objective To explore the influence of perfectionism personality on the procrastination behavior and autonomous learning ability of clinical nurses in naval hospital,provide evidence forcultivating the consciousness of autonomous learning,and comprehensively improving the comprehensive ability of clinical nurses. Methods From November to December 2021,505 clinical nurses in a navy hospital were collected by cluster convenience sampling method,the cross-sectional survey was conducted by general information questionnaire,FROST multidimensional perfectionism scale,AITKEN procrastination questionnaire and nursing staff autonomous learning ability evaluation scale using the Questionnaire Star,and the data were analyzed. Results The score of perfectionism personality characteristics in clinical nurses was （83.65±18.30）points,of which the level of non-adaptive perfectionism was higher. The score of autonomous learning ability was （128.01±21.15）points. The score of procrastination tendency was （45.05±10.64）points. The correlation results showed that the perfectionism was positively correlated with autonomous learning ability and procrastination behavior（all P<0.05）. The results of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the model fit was better when the autonomous learning ability was taken as the dependent variable and the total score and dimensions of perfectionism were taken as the independent variables.Worrying about errors negatively predicted learning ability,while action doubt,personal standards and organization positively predicted learning ability. In regression analysis with procrastination as the dependent variable,non-adaptive perfectionism positively predicted procrastination（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The clinical nurses generally have perfectionism personality characteristics,and their independent learning ability is average,so it is feasible to encourage nurses to carry out autonomous learning and improve clinical nursing skills through psychological counseling,atmosphere construction and procrastination intervention.

Correlation analysis of occupational commitment,perceived stress and work engagement among nurses in operating room of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Nanchang City

JIANG Yuting, ZHANG Xiaoling, LIU Wenxia, WAN Genhua, JIANG Xinyan

2023, 39(14):  1946-1949. 

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Objective To understand the correlation between occupational commitment,perceived stress and work engagement of nurses in operating room of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Nanchang City. Methods From January to June 2022,154 nurses in operating room of three grade-A tertiary hospitals in Nanchang City were investigated by the general information questionnaire,occupational commitment scale,perceived stress scale,and work engagement scale. Results Totally 129 operating room nurses scored （73.19±12.84）points in occupational commitment,（42.53±6.49）points in perceived stress and （64.72±12.62）points in work engagement. The results of correlation analysis showed that the occupational commitment of operating room nurses was negatively correlated with perceived stress（r=-0.969,P<0.01）,and positively correlated with work engagement（r=0.980,P<0.01）. The results of multivariate analysis indicated that age,education level,organizational support,family support,social support,perceived stress,and work engagement were all influencing factors for the occupational commitment of operating room nurses（all P<0.01）. Conclusion The occupational commitment of operating room nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Nanchang City is at a medium level,and improving the perceived stress and salary investment level can enhance the professional commitment level of operating room nurses.

Analysis on health literacy level of the elderly in rural areas of Shanxi Province in 2021

GENG Hui, YANG Zhilan, DUAN Lizhen, CAO Xiaoxia

2023, 39(14):  1950-1954. 

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Objective To analyze the health literacy level and influencing factors of the elderly in rural areas of Shanxi Province in 2021. Methods From January to May 2021,992 permanent elderly residents over 60 years old in rural areas of Shanxi Province were selected to conduct a health literacy questionnaire survey,and the status quo and influencing factors of their health literacy level were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 992 people were surveyed,including 523 males and 469 females. The health literacy rate of elderly people in rural areas of Shanxi Province was 12.20%,including 13.38% for males and 10.87% for females.The logistic regression analysis showed that age,education level,occupation and access to health-related guidance were the main influencing factors of residents' health literacy level（all P<0.05）.The residents who have college/bachelor degree or above （OR=5.929）,and formerly employed as civil servants/public institution personnel/teachers or other enterprise personnel（OR=3.564-5.320） tended to have higher health literacy. The age of 66-<76（OR=0.280-0.533） and lack of access to health-related guidance（OR=0.234） were risk factors for health literacy. Conclusions The health literacy level of the elderly in rural areas of Shanxi Province is low,and age,education level,previous occupation and access to health-related guidance are the main influencing factors. On the basis of improving the health literacy of the elderly in rural areas of Shanxi Province,it is suggested that the health education should focus on the older and less educated farmers.

Correlation analysis on self-disclosure and work engagement of nurses in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Shaanxi Province

CAI Yuna, CAO Jingjing, YAO Jie, HUANG Xixi, LI Xiaowei

2023, 39(14):  1955-1958. 

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Objective To investigate the status quo of self-disclosure and work engagement of nurses in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Shaanxi Province,analyze the relationship between the two. Methods From July to August 2022,nurses in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Shaanxi Province were selected as subjects by the convenient sampling method. A total of 215 nurses were assessed using the general information questionnaire,the distress disclosure index（DDI） and the Utrecht work engagement scale（UWES）. Results The total score of self-disclosure in the nurses was （39.00±6.63）points. The total score of work engagement was （29.26±8.74） points,the vigor score was （9.84±4.05）points,the dedication score was （10.31±4.63）points,and the absorption score was （9.12±3.79）points. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of self-disclosure among nurses in different department,educational background,professional title and monthly average income（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of work engagement among nurses with different educational background,monthly average income,and number of night shifts（all P<0.05）. The self-disclosure was positively correlated with work engagement,vigor,dedication and absorption（r=0.181,0.154,0.211,0.165,all P<0.05）. The work engagement and monthly average income were the influencing factors for nurses' self-disclosure（all P<0.05）. Conclusions The self-disclosure of nurses in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Shaanxi Province needs to be improved,and the level of self-disclosure in nurses in the emergency department,intensive care unit and operating roomis low.Nursing management personnel should actively encourage nurses to make self-disclosure,so as to improve the level of work engagement.

Study on occupational well-being and its influencing factors among medical staff in 21 medical and nursing institutions of Guizhou Province

LYU Baokun, HU Yuanxia, ZHANG Jin, PENG Jia, CAO Yu

2023, 39(14):  1959-1963. 

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Objective To examine the current status and influencing factors of occupational well-being of medical staff in 21 medical and nursing institutions of Guizhou Province,provide scientific reference for stabilizing the talent team of medical and nursing institutions. Methods The convenience sampling method was used to select 257 medical workers from 21 medical and nursing institutions in eight cities and states of Guizhou Province from January to March 2022 as the research object,and a survey was conducted using the general situation questionnaire and medical worker's occupational well-being scale.The descriptive analysis of general data characteristics and occupational well-being scores of medical workers was performed,the univariate factor analysis was performed using t-test and analysis of variance,and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to analyze influencing factors. Results The total score of occupational well-being of medical workers from 21 medical and nursing institutions was （81.75±18.63）points. The univariate factor analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in occupational well-being among medical staff in different gender,workload,self-rated health status and whether the unit provided mental health guidance（all P<0.05）.The multiple regression analysis showed that gender,age,economic income,educational level,self-rated health status and whether the unit provided mental health guidance were the main influencing factors of occupational well-being of medical staff in medical and nursing institutions（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The occupational well-being of medical staff in 21 medical and nursing institutions of Guizhou Province needs to be further improved,and institutional managers should pay attention to key groups according to the influencing factors of occupational well-being,provide support and help to improve their occupational well-being.

Study on relationship among psychological capital,self-control ability and occupational delay of gratification in nurses from four grade-A tertiary hospitals in Xianyang City

REN Kunwei, LIU Lixiu, YAN Qian, LIU Ying, FAN Juanni, LI Hui

2023, 39(14):  1964-1969. 

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Objective To understand the correlation among self-control ability,psychological capital and occupational delay of gratification of nurses ingrade-A tertiary hospitals,explore the relationship among self-control ability,psychological capital and occupational delay of gratification of nurses. Methods In April 2022,the convenience sampling method was used to select the nurses in the grade-A tertiary hospitals of Xianyang City as the research object. The nurse self-control ability questionnaire,the nurse psychological capital scale and the occupational delay of gratification scale were used to conduct a questionnaire survey,and the data were analyzed. Results The total average score of psychological capital,self-control ability and occupational delay of gratification among nurses in the grade-A tertiary hospitals was （4.23±0.49）,（3.92±0.66） and （3.11±0.68）points,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the score of psychological capital among nurses with different educational background,nursing age,employment type and monthly income（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the score of self-control ability among nurses with different employment type and monthly income（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the score of occupational delay of gratification among nurses with different employment type and monthly income（all P<0.05）. The self-control ability of nurses was positively correlated with psychological capital and occupational delay of gratification（r=0.742,0.833,both P<0.01） and the psychological capital was positively correlated with occupational delay of gratification（r=0.750,P<0.01）. The self-control ability played a part of mediating role between nurses' psychological capital and occupational delay of gratification,the mediating effect was 0.77,accounting for 63.11% of the total effect. Conclusions The psychological capital,self-control ability and occupational delay of gratification of nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals are closely related,and the self-control ability plays a partial mediating role between psychological capital and occupational delay of gratification. Improving nurses' psychological capital and self-control ability has a positive effect on the occupational delay of gratification,and is conducive to the stability and development of the nursing team.

Status of adversity quotient and its correlation with coping style,social support and perceived organizational support among male nurses in Anhui Province

GE Liuna, LIU Gang, ZHU Minghua, LIU Zhining, GU Yimei

2023, 39(14):  1970-1974. 

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Objective To investigate the current situation of adversity quotient in male nurses,and explore the influencing factors of adversity quotient from the two aspects of intrinsic personality and external support,so as to provide a reference for formulating a reasonable intervention plan. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 257 male nurses in 10 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Anhui Province by using general information questionnaire,simplified coping style questionnaire,social support questionnaire,organizational support scale and adversity quotient scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of male nurses' adversity quotient was（138.24±23.42）points. The total score and dimension scores of adversity quotient in male nurses were positively correlated with positive coping style,social support and perceived organizational support（r=0.280-0.448,all P<0.01）,and negatively correlated with negative coping style（r=-0.138--0.177,all P<0.05）.The age,household registration,department,coping style,social support,and perceived organizational support were the main influencing factors of male nurses' adversity quotient（all P<0.05）,which could explain 33.0% of the variance. Conclusions The adversity quotient of male nurses in Anhui Province is at the middle level and is affected by many factors. The nursing managers should formulate targeted interventions to improve the level of adversity quotient of male nurses according to the influencing factors of adversity quotient as the entry point,so as to promote the stability of the clinical nursing team.

Analysis on intervention effect of 20-meter round-trip running combined with resistance exercise on college students' psychological capital and mental health and social adaptation

LIU Yuefeng, CAI Xiaodi

2023, 39(14):  1975-1979. 

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Objective To understand the intervention effect of 20-meter round-trip running combined with resistance exercise on college students' psychological capital and mental health and social adaptation. Methods From April to June 2021,240 eligible college students were randomly recruited through the Internet and posters and randomly divided into four groups,namely the control group,the cardiorespiratory endurance intervention group,the resistance exercise intervention group,and the cardiorespiratory endurance combined resistance exercise intervention group,and they were given 10 weeks of exercise intervention.Before and after intervention,the survey was conducted using symptom checklist,psychological capital scale and adaptation scale,and the results were analyzed. Results Before the intervention,there were no statistically significant differences in the factor scores and total score of self-reporting inventory（SCL-90）,psychological capital questionnaire（PCQ） and college student adaptability inventory（CSAI） among four groups（all P>0.05）.After the intervention,except the paranoid and hostile factors of SCL-90 and the occupational choice factor of CSAI,the differences in other factor scores and total score were statistically significant（all P<0.05）.Before and after the intervention,except each factor in the control group and some dimensions of the other three groups,there were statistically significant differences in other factors（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The cardiorespiratory endurance,resistance exercise,and cardiorespiratory endurance combined with resistance exercise are beneficial to the improvement of college students' psychological capital,health level and social adaptation level,but the cardiorespiratory endurance combined with resistance exercise group has the best intervention effect.

Secondhand smoke exposure and influencing factors among Chinese non-smoking LGB college students

LIU Xiaoling, LI Huijun, ZENG Siyuan, LUO Xiaofeng

2023, 39(14):  1980-1984. 

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Objective To analyze the prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure and associated factors among non-smoking lesbian,gay and bisexual（LGB） college students in China,provide a basis for colleges and universities to develop targeted smoking control measures. Methods From May to September in 2021,1 512 non-smoking LGB college students in 142 colleges and universities of 31 provinces in China were selected by the snowball sampling method. Their demographic characteristics,behavioral and psychological characteristics,and secondhand smoke exposure were investigated,and the data were analyzed. Results The prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure among non-smoking LGB college students was 36.24%. of those who were exposed to secondhand smoke,the proportion of "exposure 1-3 days per week" was the highest,accounting for 69.34%.The bisexual females had lower risk of secondhand smoke exposure than lesbians（OR=0.65,95%CI：0.46-0.92）. The undergraduate（OR=0.60,95%CI：0.37-0.97） and master's degree or above（OR=0.53,95%CI：0.28-1.00） students reported lower prevalence than college degree students.The risk of second-hand smoke exposure for third grade and above students was 1.68 times that of first grade students（95%CI：1.20-2.36）,the risk of students majoring in humanities and social sciences was 1.36 times as many as those majoring in science,engineering,and agriculture（95%CI：1.08-1.72）,and the risk of current drinkers was 1.49 times that of non-current drinkers（95%CI：1.20-1.86）.The higher the score of school bullying experiences（OR=1.02,95%CI：1.00-1.05） and depression（OR=1.02,95%CI：1.01-1.03）,the higher the risk of secondhand smoke exposure. Conclusion At present,non-smoking LGB college students in China take serious risks of secondhand smoke exposure,and schools should effectively implement tobacco control policies,strengthen health education tailored for key subgroups,and actively explore targeted tobacco control strategies.

Evaluation on intervention effect of Maxi Laifu aerobics combined with dietary intervention on glucose and lipid metabolism and cardiopulmonary function in simple obese middle school students

WANG Qian, LIANG Qiuli, ZHANG Huan, YANG Chaofeng

2023, 39(14):  1985-1989. 

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Objective To understand the intervention effect of Maxi Laifu aerobics combined with dietary intervention onthe morphological function,glucose and lipid metabolism,cardiovascular function and cardiopulmonary function of simple obese middle school students,provide theoretical support for the physical and mental health development of simple obese middle school students. Methods A total of 89 simple obesity middle school students from Future Star Summer Health Enhancement Training Camp and a junior high school in Urumqi in 2021 were selected as intervention objects and divided into the control group and the intervention group. They received eight weeks of Maxi Laifuaerobics combined with dietary intervention.The morphological function,glucose and lipid metabolism,cardiovascular function and cardiopulmonary function were measured before and after the intervention. Results In the intervention group,there were statistically significant differences in the body mass index（BMI）,waist circumference,hip circumference,vital capacity,waist-to-height ratio,waist-to-hip ratio,triglyceride（TG）,total cholesterol（TC）,low density lipoprotein（LDL-C）,high density lipoprotein（HDL-C）,fasting plasma glucose（FPG）,fasting insulin（FINS）,homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance（HOMA-IR）,aspartate transaminase（AST）,alanine aminotransferase（ALT）,serum urea nitrogen（BUN）,creatinine（Cr）,uric acid（UA）,reactive hyperemia index（RHI）,vasodilationand systolic factors,atherosclerosis index（AI） between before and after the intervention（all P<0.05）,all indexes has been optimized to a certain extent.In the control group,the differences in all indexes were not statistically significant（all P>0.05）. Conclusion After eight weeks of Maxi Laifuaerobics combined with dietary intervention,the morphological function,glucose and lipid metabolism,cardiovascular function and cardiopulmonary function of simple obese middle school students have been improved.

Investigation on information literacy of medical students in Xiamen Medical College

LIU Qinglin, HONG Yankun, HONG Xiaomei, CHEN Weixiang, LI Huanhuan, TANG Siyu

2023, 39(14):  1990-1994. 

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Objective To understand the status of information literacy of medical students,analyze relevant influencing factors,and provide reference for medical students' information literacy needs and education. Methods From February to March 2022,the simple random sampling method was used to carry out the questionnaire for medical students in Grade 1 and Grade 2 of Xiamen Medical College by the questionnaire on information literacy of medical students,and SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The total score of information literacy among medical students in Grade 1 and Grade 2 of Xiamen Medical College was （69.99±14.16） points.The univariate analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the information literacy level among undergraduate medical students in different grade,major,growth environment,and examinee source（all P>0.05）.There were statistically significant differences in the information literacy level among undergraduate medical students in different gender,academic level,learning consciousness,computer operation level,information literacy education and participation in innovation and entrepreneurship activities（all P<0.05）.The multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing medical students' information literacy level were gender,learning consciousness,computer operation level,information literacy education and participation in innovation and entrepreneurship activities（all P<0.05）. Conclusions The information literacy level of medical students in Grade 1 and Grade 2 of Xiamen Medical College is at the middle level,and it is necessary to further strengthen the learning of information knowledge and skills for medical students.The information literacy level is affected by many factors,and corresponding measures can be implemented according to the influencing factors. The need for information literacy education is diversified,and the high percentage of information literacy education need should be paid attention to.

Study on relationship between college students' kindness personality,online altruistic behavior and online interpersonal trust

ZHOU Xihua, CAO Ruiying

2023, 39(14):  1995-1998. 

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Objective To explore the influence of college students' kindness personality on online altruistic behavior,investigate the mediating role of online interpersonal trust between them. Methods In November 2021,363 undergraduate students from a university in Shaanxi Province were randomly sampled and investigated using kindness personality questionnaire,online altruistic behavior scale and online interpersonal trust scale. The HAVES was used to develop SPSS macro program PROCESS plug-in to test the mediating effect of online interpersonal trust on the relationship between college students' kind personality and online altruistic behavior. Results The total scores of college students in Shaanxi Province for kindness personality,online altruistic behavior and online interpersonal trust were （136.69±21.13）,（56.92±16.08） and （24.02±4.26）points,respectively.There was a significant positive correlation between kindness personality and online altruistic behavior（r=0.307,P<0.01）,a significant positive correlation between kindness personality and online interpersonal trust（r=0.107,P<0.05）,and a significant positive correlation between online altruistic behavior and online interpersonal trust（r=0.187,P<0.01）.The kindness personality had a significant direct effect on online altruistic behavior,the effect value was 0.280,and the relative effect value was 94.28%.Moreover,the online interpersonal trust played a mediating role between the kindness personality and the online altruistic behavior,the mediating effect value was 0.017,and the relative effect value was 5.72%. Conclusion The kindness personality not only has a direct positive influence on college students' online altruistic behavior,but also indirectly influences online altruistic behavior through online interpersonal trust.

Literature review on PM₁₀ health problems of centralized air conditioning and ventilation system

ZHANG Yujing, LIU Yao, LIAO Yan, YE Dan, YAN Xu, PAN Lijun

2023, 39(14):  1999-2002. 

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Objective To analyze the national situation,standard limit value and health influence of inhalable particle matter （PM₁₀） in centralized air conditioning and ventilation system in public places in China,provide reference for the establishment of PM₁₀ index of air conditioning ventilation system. Methods The literature on the sanitary status or standards or health effects of centralized air conditioning in public places in China from January 1,2001 to April 31,2022 was collected and analyzed by literature analysis. Results A total of 38 articles of centralized air conditioning and ventilation systemin public places,five current standards and 13 articles of epidemiological investigation on health effects were retrieved. In the literature,42.1% of the central air conditioning and ventilation system had 100% of qualified rate in supply air PM₁₀,and 42.1% of the central air conditioning and ventilation system had 90%-<100% of qualified rate in supply air PM₁₀. The standard PM₁₀ limit issued by the Ministry of Health was 150 μg/m³,and the local standard in Jiangsu Province and Shanghai was 120 μg/m³. There was the most literature on the relationship between centralized air conditioning and ventilation system in public places and human respiratory symptoms. Conclusion The level of PM₁₀ in supply air of centralized air conditioning and ventilation system in public places in China is decreasing steadily,the limit standard of supply air PM₁₀ of air conditioning should be more strict,at the same time,the systematic research on the impact of air conditioning supply air PM₁₀ on human health should be strengthened.

Prevalence and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with pneumoconiosis：A meta-analysis

REN Yuan, WANG Yiru, ZHANG Xinri, KONG Xiaomei, PANG Min

2023, 39(14):  2003-2008. 

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Objective To systematically evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of pneumoconiosis complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）. Methods The literature related to the prevalence and risk factors of pneumoconiosis complicated with COPD was searched in PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Sciencee（WOS）,CBM,CNKI,Wanfang Database from the establishment of the library to July 2022. Two researchers screened the literature,extracted valid data and evaluated the quality of the included studies independently. Meta-analysis was carried out using STATA 16.0. Results A total of 25 studies,including 10 882 participants and 4 141 patients with pneumoconiosis complicated with COPD were included.The meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of pneumoconiosis complicated with COPD was 41.36%,95%CI was 33.41%-49.31%. The age（OR=1.83,95%CI=1.28-2.60）,dust-exposure duration（OR=1.97,95%CI=1.12-3.45）,pneumoconiosis stage（OR=2.64,95%CI=2.16-3.23）,smoking history（OR=1.92,95%CI=1.65-2.23）,smoking index（OR=1.98,95%CI=2.12-3.49）,living environment（OR=2.55,95%CI=1.64-3.97）,education level（OR=1.42,95%CI=1.04-1.93） and family history of respiratory diseases（OR=2.63,95%CI=1.78-3.89） were risk factors for pneumoconiosis complicated with COPD. The body mass index（OR=1.63,95%CI=0.86-3.11） was not statistically correlated with pneumoconiosis patients complicated with COPD. Conclusions The prevalence of pneumoconiosis complicated with COPD is high. Age,dust-exposure duration,pneumoconiosis stage,smoking history,smoking index,messy living environment,lower education level,and family history of respiratory diseases are risk factors for pneumoconiosis with COPD,among which the risk factor of pneumoconiosis stage is the strongest association with the occurrence of pneumoconiosis complicated with COPD. Identifying many risk factors is of great help to prevent the occurrence of pneumoconiosis complicated with COPD.

Overview

Research progress on recovery experience of nurses

LUO Yazhi, NING Hongtong, WANG Shanshan

2023, 39(14):  2009-2012. 

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At present,the allocation of nursing staff in China is seriously insufficient,which leads to the increasing work pressure of clinical nurses,and will seriously affect the physical and mental health and work quality of nurses. The recovery experience is a positive perception experience obtained by individuals when they participate in activities during non-working hours,which helps individuals relieve work pressure and obtain energy and resources. Therefore,the paper reviews the concept,theoretical basis,evaluation tools,influencing factors,outcome variables and intervention strategies of recovery experience,aiming to provide reference for improving nurses ' recovery experience.

Research advances in care of elderly frail patients

LAI Jin, ZHANG Yulian, WANG Dan, YU Jianjiao

2023, 39(14):  2013-2016. 

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With the increase of human life expectancy and the decrease of birth rate,the absolute number of elderly population has increased dramatically worldwide. Aging frailty has become one of the major public health problems in China,which not only leads to multiple impairments in physiological,psychological,social,and cognitive functions of the elderly,but also increases the burden on caregivers and the healthcare service system. A number of national policies have called for active attention to the health of the elderly from both macro and micro perspectives to address the health problems of the elderly. At present,there is a lack of standardized management procedures for frailty,and a large number of frail patients are in an unmanaged state. Therefore,the care management of frail patientsis crucial. This study reviews the current development status of major caregivers and care management models for frail elderly people at home and abroad,and discusses the types of frail caregiver populations and the advantages and disadvantages of care management models,aiming to provide a basis for group organizations that carry out care for frail elderly patients.