Table of Content

01 September 2023, Volume 39 Issue 17

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Treatise

Correlation between occupational musculoskeletal disorders and nursing practices in ICU nursing staff

YAN Xinxue, QIAO Mengyuan, WANG Haiyan

2023, 39(17):  2305-2309. 

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Objective To explore the relationship between the occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders（WMSDs） in intensive care unit（ICU） nursing staff and nursing operation items,and to provide basis for the development of intervention measures. Methods From March to June 2021,132 ICU nursing staff in a Grade A hospital in Urumqi were measured by quick exposure check（QEC） to assess the correlation between 15 routine nursing practices and WMSDs,as well as the nursing staff's back,shoulder/arm,hand/wrist and neck exposure levels,and the data were analyzed. Results Due to the difference of ICU working environment,operation content and operation posture,the risk levels of different nursing operations were different. Among the 15 routine nursing operations,carrying patients（60.04%）,assisting patients to change their positions（55.79%）,and disposing of cadaveric bodies（53.63%） were in the high risk level,while object surface disinfection（43.10%） was in the medium risk level. The nursing staff's back（dynamic）（33.90±6.21） exposure proved at a high level,and the neck（8.07±2.75）,work rhythm（3.01±1.35） and work pressure（3.02±1.46） exposure proved at a medium level. Conclusions ICU nursing staff have the highest level of back（dynamic） ergonomic load,and their bodies are exposed to a high level when they carry patients,assist in changing positions,and dispose of corpses. It is suggested to conduct training on operation procedures and exertion methods of high-risk operation items to improve their awareness and ability of WMSDs protection.

Time series association analysis of air pollutants and lung cancer incidence in some regions of Xinjiang from 2015-2021

CHAO Xiaoqin, ZHANG Rong, Adila Sulidan, Xiamusiye Muyiduli, LU Ying, WANG Xijiang

2023, 39(17):  2310-2317. 

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Objective To explore the correlation between air pollutants and lung cancer incidence in multiple regions of Xinjiang and the lag effect of pollutants on lung cancer incidence,and analyze the effect differences between regions. Method The data of fine particles（PM_2.5）,inhalable particles（PM₁₀）,NO₂,SO₂,CO,ozone daily maximum 8-h average concentration（O_{3-8 h}）,meteorological factors and lung cancer incidence of residents in Urumqi,Karamay and Hotan from January 1,2015 to December 31,2021 were collected. The generalized additive Poisson regression model of time series was used to control the long-term trend after the influence of meteorological factors and day of the week effect,the correlation between air pollutants and lung cancer incidence in single pollutant model and two pollutant model was quantitatively analyzed. Results In the single pollutant model,the maximum effect value of PM₁₀ on lung cancer incidence was 1.30%（95%CI：0.56%-2.05%） in Urumqi with a cumulative lag of 2 days（lag 02）,while the maximum effect value of NO₂ was 15.40%（95%CI：8.33%-22.94%） in lag 04,and the maximum effect value of CO was 23.84%（95%CI：7.29%-42.94%） in lag 02;The effect value of PM₁₀,O_{3-8 h} exposure on the daily incidence of lung cancer in karamay was 1.89%（95%CI：0.12%-3.70%） and 5.93%（95%CI：0.46%-11.69%） when lag 6 and 2 days（lag 6 and lag 2）;The lag effect of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ exposure on lung cancer incidence in Hotan was the largest on the lag day and lag 05,with 1.72%（95%CI：0.14%-3.32%） and 0.68%（95%CI：0.23%-1.14%）. In the two pollutant model,PM₁₀,NO₂ and CO in Urumqi had synergistic effects with the other five pollutants on lung cancer incidence. PM₁₀,PM_2.5,NO₂ and O_{3-8 h} in Karamay had a synergistic effect on the incidence of lung cancer,which was not affected by SO₂ and CO;O_{3-8 h} had synergistic effect with the other five pollutants. PM_2.5 and SO₂,NO₂ and CO in Hotan had a synergistic effect on the incidence of lung cancer,while adjusting PM₁₀ and O_{3-8 h},the effect of PM_2.5 on lung cancer disappeared;PM₁₀,PM_2.5,O_{3-8 h} had a combined effect,which was not affected by SO₂,NO₂ and CO. Conclusion Exposure to air pollutants can lead to an increase in the risk of lung cancer among residents,and this risk varies among different regions.

Analysis on current situation and influencing factors of occupational stress and job burnout among petrochemical workers

TANG Huiyu, LIU Shanhe, HAN Jinke, JIN Lei, ZHAO Chanjuan, YAN Zhen

2023, 39(17):  2318-2321. 

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Objective To evaluate the occupational stress,job burnout and influencing factors among petrochemical workers,and to provide theoretical guidance for promoting the physical and mental health of petrochemical workers. Methods From June to July 2021,front-line workers in 4 petrochemical enterprises in Hainan were selected as research objects by random cluster sampling method,and the work content questionnaire based on job demand control model（JDC） and effort-reward imbalance model（ERI） and the Maslach burnout inventory-general survey were used for investigation,and the data were analyzed. Results Completed questionnaires were received from 434 petrochemical workers,of whom 32.3% had a high level of burnout. The detection rates of job JDC and ERI occupational strain were 51.2% and 68.4%,respectively. The total burnout scores of petrochemical workers in the group with occupational stress based on ERI model were higher than those in the group without occupational stress（P<0.05）. Occupational stress based on ERI model was positively correlated with burnout（P<0.05）. Gender,education,alcohol consumption and occupational strain based on ERI model were considered as significant factors for burnout（all P<0.05）. Conclusion Petrochemical workers suffer from a certain degree of occupational stress and burnout,and burnout will increase as the pay-reward imbalance of workers increases.

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of occupational pneumoconiosis in Changzhou City from 1963-2020

WANG Guohai, CAO Xuelin, LU Minxia, FU Qiang, JIN Song, HAN Lei

2023, 39(17):  2322-2326. 

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Objective To understand the case number,survival status and epidemiological characteristics of occupational pneumoconiosis cases in Changzhou City in order to provide evidence for the prevention and control of pneumoconiosis. Methods The total number of occupational pneumoconiosis patients diagnosed in Changzhou were investigated,and the survival,stage,region and disease distribution were analyzed. Results A total of 784 cases of occupational pneumoconiosis were diagnosed from 1963-2020 in Changzhou,including 708 males and 76 females. 370 cases survived,including 214 cases in Wujin District（57.84%）,86 in Liyang City（23.24%）,413 died and 1 lost to follow-up. 446 cases（56.89%） had stage Ⅰ pneumoconiosis,225（28.7%） had stage Ⅱ pneumoconiosis and 113（14.41%） had stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis. There was no significant difference in the gender composition with different stages of pneumoconiosis cases（χ²=0.003,P>0.05）,there was significant difference in the composition of survival and death of different stages of pneumoconiosis cases（χ²=31.560,P<0.05）,and there was significant difference in trend chi-square test（χ²=31.519,P<0.05）. The survival rate of stage Ⅰ pneumoconiosis cases was significantly higher than that of stage Ⅱ pneumoconiosiscases（χ²=11.433,P<0.05） and stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis cases（χ²=27.039,P<0.05）,and the survival rate of stage Ⅱ pneumoconiosis cases was significantly higher than that of stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis cases（χ²=5.995,P<0.05）. Non-metallic mining and beneficiation industry（214 cases,27.30%） and public management,social security and social organizations（135 cases,17.22%） were the main industries. 435 cases（55.48%） were in Wujin District,173（22.07%） in Liyang City and 97（12.37%） in Zhonglou District. There were 601 cases of silicosis（76.66%）,76 foundry pneumoconiosis（9.69%）,and 42 welder pneumoconiosis（5.36%）. Among the surviving patients,209（56.49%） were aged ≥70 years,67（18.11%） were aged 60-<70 years,and 94（25.41%） were under 60 years old.There was no significant difference in age composition between the surviving populations of different sexes（P>0.05）. There was no significant difference in age composition among survivors at different stages（P>0.05）. Conclusions Occupational pneumoconiosis in Changzhou city is mainly in stage I,and the disease type is mainly silicosis,most of them in Wujin District and Liyang City. Wujin District and Liyang City have the bulk of surviving patients.Institutions such as Pneumoconiosis Rehabilitation Stations are highly recommended. The higher the stage of pneumoconiosis,the lower the survival rate. Therefore,we should pay attention to the early detection,early diagnosis and early treatment of pneumoconiosis. In recent years,the number of pneumoconiosis cases in Changzhou city has increased,and the task of prevention and control is still arduous. Employers should take the main responsibility for occupational disease prevention and control,and the health supervision departments should focus on the supervision of enterprises that produce silica dust.

Analysis on occupational health management of radiation workers in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Shanghai

LI Lishan, ZHANG Jing, YU Jia, JI Hao

2023, 39(17):  2327-2331. 

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Objective To understand the current situation of occupational health management of radiation workers in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Shanghai,provide basis for effective radiation protection management. Methods The occupational health management data of radiation workers in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Shanghai from 2018 to 2021 were collected by the cluster sampling,and the method of retrospective investigation was used for summary analysis. Results Compared with the control group,the abnormal detection rates of thyroid nodules（18.57%）,ophthalmology（12.86%）,B-ultrasound（65.71%）,blood glucose（7.14%） and routine urine（13.57%） of radiation workers from 2020 to 2021 were higher（all P<0.05）,and the abnormal detection rates of B-ultrasound（70.0%） and routine urine（12.50%） of radiation workers from 2018 to 2019 were higher,with a statistically significant difference（all P<0.05）. Among radiation workers,the abnormal detection rates of thyroid nodules（17.58%） and urine routine（19.78%） in women were higher than those in men（all P<0.05）,while the abnormal detection rates of B-ultrasound（76.74%） and blood glucose（7.75%） in men were higher（all P<0.05）. The abnormal detection rate of blood glucose in radiation workers ≥50 years old（16.0%） was higher than that in the group of 30-<40 years old（P<0.05）. The abnormal detection rates of thyroid nodule（4.05%） and urine routine（4.05%） in radiation workers with junior college degree were the lowest（all P<0.05）. The individual dose monitoring results of radiation workers from 2018 to 2021 all conformed to the national standards,and the pass rate of radiation protection training was improved year by year. The qualification rate of radiation machine room testing was 100%. Conclusion The long term low-dose ionizing radiation may cause certain occupational injury to radiation workers,and the medical institutions should strengthen the health management of radiation workers comprehensively and improve the occupational protection.

Effect of self service mindfulness decompression training on psychological resilience and occupational burnout of psychiatric nurses

LUAN Yue, REN Kai, WANG Tingting, ZU Haizhen, BI Hongsheng

2023, 39(17):  2332-2336. 

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Objective Understand the impact of self-service mindfulness stress relief training on the psychological resilience and occupational burnout of psychiatric nurses. Method Select 64 nursing staff who meet the enrollment criteria from the Third Hospital of Daqing City from January to March 2022. According to the random list method,64 people were divided into an observation group and a control group,with 32 cases in each group. The control group received weekly mental health education,while the observation group received self-service mindfulness stress relief training on the basis of mental health education. Before intervention and at weeks 4 and 8,the five face mindfulness questionnaire（FFMQ） was used to assess mindfulness levels,the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale（CD-RISC） was used to assess resilience,and the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey（MBI-HSS） was used to assess job burnout,and the data was analyzed. Result The total MBI-HSS score of the 64 psychiatric nurses enrolled was （59.38±17.69）points,with an emotional exhaustion score of （27.33±7.53）points,which was higher than the domestic norm. The depersonalization score was （10.91±5.46）points,which was higher than the domestic norm. The personal achievement score was （27.06±7.55）points,which was lower than the domestic norm,and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Before the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the total scores and various dimensions of FFMQ,CD-RISC,and MBI-HSS between the two groups（all P>0.05）. At the 4th week of intervention,the total scores of CD-RISC and self-improvement dimensions,as well as the total scores of FFMQ,observation dimension,description dimension,perceived action dimension,and non judgment dimension in the observation group were higher than before intervention. The total scores of MBI-HSS,emotional exhaustion dimension,and depersonalization dimension were lower than before intervention,and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. At the 8th week of intervention,the total scores of FFMQ,CD-RISC,and various dimensions,as well as the scores of MBI-HSS personal achievement dimension,were higher in the observation group than before intervention. The total scores of MBI-HSS,emotional exhaustion dimension,and depersonalization dimension were lower than before intervention,and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Before and after intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the total scores and scores of FFMQ,CD-RISC,MBI-HSS in the control group（all P>0.05）. At the 4th week of intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the total scores and various dimensions of FFMQ,CD-RISC,MBI-HSS between the observation group and the control group（all P>0.05）. At the 8th week of intervention,the total scores of CD-RISC,self-improvement dimension,optimism dimension score,MBI-HSS personal achievement dimension score,FFMQ total score,and various dimension scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group. The total scores of MBI-HSS,emotional exhaustion dimension,and depersonalization dimension scores were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Conclusion Self-service mindfulness stress relief training can effectively enhance the psychological resilience of psychiatric nurses and alleviate their job burnout.

Simultaneous determination of amanita peptide toxins in poisonous mushrooms by ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer detector quadrupole time of flight

HUANG Xiaoqin, CHEN Rumei, RUAN Yanming, SUN Mingyue, LIN Ji

2023, 39(17):  2337-2344. 

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Objective Establish an analytical method for the qualitative and quantitative detection of Amanita peptide toxins in poisonous mushrooms using ultra performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometer detector quadrupole time of flight（UPLC-Q-TOF）. Method The samples were homogenized with methanol and extracted by ultrasonic centrifugation. The liquid to be measured was separated by ACQUITY UPLC?? HSS T₃ 1.8 μm column（2.1×50 mm）,and gradient elution with 0.1% ammonia solution-methanol（0 min,2%B;0-0.5 min,2%B;0.5-6.0 min,95%B;6.0-7.0 min,95%B;7.0-8.0 min,2%B）,with flow rate of 0.3 mL/min,column temperature of 40 ℃,and sample intake of 2.0 μL. UPLC-Q-TOF was used to isolate and identify the toxin components of poisonous mushrooms. Result No amanita toxins were detected in samples 1,2,3,5,6 and 7 of the toxic mushroom samples. In sample 4,α-amanitin、β-amanitin、γ-amanitin、phallacidin、phalloidin and amanullin were detected. Further establish the rapid quantification method of Amanita toxins,5 kinds of Amanita toxins showed a good linear relationship within 25-1 000 μg/L,the correlation coefficient was 0.991 2-0.998 9,the average standard recovery rate was 89.5%-110.5%,the relative standard deviation（RSD） was 3.80%-7.80%. The content of α-amanitin、β-amanitin、γ-amanitin、phalloidin and phallacidin was （19.701±0.175）,（0.098±0.014）,（1.548±0.001）,（0.331±0.002） and （0.108±0.060）mg/kg respectively,and the relative content of amanullin and phallacidin was 0.754 mg/kg. Conclusion This method is simple,fast,and reliable for the determination of various amanita peptide toxins in poisonous mushrooms. It provides an effective scientific basis for the rapid clinical diagnosis and timely treatment of patients with sudden poisoning caused by eating poisonous mushrooms.

Determination of five sunscreens in cosmetics by solid phase extraction/ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mas spectrometry

LI Xin, LI Bangrui, FENG Jiali, ZENG Dong, CHEN Dongyang

2023, 39(17):  2345-2349. 

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Objective To explore solid phase extraction/ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technique for the content determination of 5 sunscreens. Methods The samples were purified and enriched by solid phase extraction,and the 5 sunscreens in cosmetics were separated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography,and measured by mass spectrometry with multi-reaction monitoring（MRM） mode. Results The p-benzenedimethylene-dicamphorsulfonic acid,benzimidazole sulfonate disodium and benzophenone-4 were in the range of 1 μg/L to 10 mg/L,and benzylidene-camphorsulfonic acid,phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid were in the range of 0.5 μg/L to 5 mg/L,there was a good linear relationship between peak area and concentration,and the correlation coefficient of regression equation（r）≥0.999 3.5 sunscreens were tested at low,medium and high concentration levels to carry out the recovery experiment. The recovery rate of 5 sunscreens was between 91.7% and 102.5%,and the relative standard deviation was between 2.6% and 4.9%. The detection limits and quantitative limits of p-benzenedimethylene-dicamphorsulfonic acid,benzimidazole sulfonate disodium and benzophenone-4 were 0.001 and 0.002 mg/kg,respectively. The detection limits of benzylidene-camphorsulfonic acid,phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid was 0.000 5 mg/kg,and the quantitative limits was 0.001 mg/kg. 6 batches of cosmetics samples with different types in the market were determined,and the results did not exceed the national limit. Conclusions In this method,90% acetone solution containing 2% formic acid was used as extractant,and five sunscreens in cosmetics were purified and enriched by mixed weak anion exchange column,which effectively reduced matrix interference and improved the accuracy of determination with solid phase extraction/ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The actual measurement of samples showed that the method was simple,rapid,sensitive,and had wide linear range and strong anti-interference ability,and could realize the automation of sample pretreatment.

Simultaneous determination of 24 volatile organic compounds in whole blood by headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

HE Zongjian, ZHU Dingji, LI Yan, ZHOU Wuwang, QIN Limei, XIAO Mei

2023, 39(17):  2350-2353. 

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Objective To establish a method for the determination of 24 volatile organic compounds（VOCs） in whole blood by headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. Methods The VOCs in blood samples were separated by column after headspace injection,and detected by GC-MS. Results The linear relationship of 24 kinds of VOCs in blood was good in the range of 10.0-3 000.0 ng/mL,the correlation coefficients were higher than 0.999 4,the detection limit was 0.2-10.0 ng/mL,the recovery rate was 78.7%-116.4%,and the relative standard deviation was 0.9%-8.3%. The samples could be preserved at 4 or -25 ℃ for three days. Conclusion This method is simple,accurate,and highly sensitive,which is suitable for the detection of volatile organic compound in whole blood of occupational exposure persons and poisoning patients.

Mediating role of negative emotions and psychological resilience between work pressure and nursing organizational atmosphere among nurses in third-level grade A hospital

LI Na, ZOU Xiaofang, DENG Yinhui, ZOU Ting, CHEN Yuyi

2023, 39(17):  2354-2358. 

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Objective To explore the effect of nurses' work stress on nursing organization atmosphere,and analyze the mediating and moderating effects of negative emotion and psychological resilience. Methods From June to September in 2021,a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 808 nurses from 7 provinces and cities in China with the Work Stress Scale,Psychological Resilience Scale,Negative Emotion Scale and Nursing Organization Climate Scale,and the data was analyzed. Results The score of nurses' sense of organizational atmosphere was （3.359±0.698）points,and the direct predictive effect of nurses' work stress on organizational atmosphere was significant（β=-0.271,P<0.01）. After including negative emotion,the direct predictive effect of nurses' work stress on nursing organization climate was still significant（β=-0.192,P<0.01）,and the mediating effect of negative emotion on nursing organization climate was statistically significant（β=-0.134,P<0.01）,and the mediating effect accounted for 29.41% of the total effect value. Resilience had a negative moderating effect on the first half of the mediation model（β=-0.152,P<0.01）. Conclusions The sense of nursing organization atmosphere of nurses in third-level grade A hospital is above the medium level. Negative emotions play a partial mediating role between nurses' work pressure and organizational atmosphere,and psychological resilience can weaken the impact of work pressure on negative emotions. It is suggested that nursing managers should pay attention to the stressors and negative emotions in nursing work,and take effective measures to improve the level of psychological resilience of nursing workers,so as to promote mental health and create a better atmosphere of nursing organization.

Analysis on influence of nurses' sense of professional benefit on patients' safety attitude in anesthesia and resuscitation room in Anhui Province

QIN Rumeng, CHEN Shangui, ZHANG Zhengqin, SONG Zhen

2023, 39(17):  2359-2362. 

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Objective To understand the current situation of nurses' sense of professional benefit and patients' safety attitude in anesthesia resuscitation room in Anhui Province,and analyze the influence of nurses' sense of professional benefit on patients' safety attitude. Methods In April 2022,121 nurses in the anesthesia resuscitation room were investigated by using the nurses' sense of professional benefit questionnaire and the Chinese version of the safety attitude scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of nurses' sense of professional benefit in anesthesia resuscitation room was （126.55±17.86）points,and the total score of patients' safety attitude was （123.35±18.86）points. The total score of nurses' sense of professional benefit was positively correlated with the total score of patients' safety attitude（r=0.614,P<0.01）. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of safety attitude among nurses with different working years,average number of night shifts per month,and whether they participated in anesthesia specialist nurse training（all P<0.05）. After controlling the general demographic variables,the sense of occupational benefit could independently explain 19.8% of the variation in patients' safety attitude. Conclusion The score of patient safety attitude of 121 nurses in the anesthesia and resuscitation room in Anhui Province was above the middle level. The sense of professional benefit had a positive predictive effect on safety attitude. Nursing management can take measures to strengthen the sense of professional benefit,promote the formation of nurses' safety attitude,and ensure the safety of patients in the resuscitation period.

Current situation and correlation of self-efficacy,internal motivation and core competence of community nurses

LI Yufeng, HU Ningning, WANG Renyuan, LI Wanjun, HE Miao, LIN Sulan

2023, 39(17):  2363-2368. 

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Objective To understand the status quo and correlation of self-efficacy,internal motivation and core competence of community nurses,explore the role path of self-efficacy and internal motivation on core competence,and analyze the differences of different age groups,so as to provide reference for the development of intervention programs to improve core competence. Methods From December 2021 to March 2022,252 nurses from 15 community health service centers in Urumqi were surveyed by general information questionnaire,community nurse core competence evaluation questionnaire,general self-efficacy scale and internal motivation scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of self-efficacy,internal motivation and core competence among 252 community nurses in Urumqi were （26.92±5.64）,（50.13±6.44） and （131.58±32.60）points,respectively. There were positive correlations between self-efficacy,internal motivation and core competence of community nurses（r>0,all P<0.01）. The internal motivation had a mediating effect between self-efficacy and core competence（β=0.168,P<0.01）,and the mediating effect was 40.19%. At different age levels,the self-efficacy-internal motivation pathway was larger in the lower age group than in the higher age group. Conclusion The internal motivation plays a mediating role in the influence of community nurses' self-efficacy on core competence,the community nurses in low age group have stronger self-efficacy than the high age group,and can exert internal motivation more effectively,so the community managers should take personalized measures to enhance the core competence of community nurses at different age levels.

Study on current situation and correlation of nurses' second victim's experience,support and presenteeism in tertiary grade A hospitals

ZHANG Ping, NIE Tingyao, YI Qin, HE Caiyun

2023, 39(17):  2369-2374. 

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Objective To understand the second victim experience support score and presenteeism in tertiary hospitals,the correlation between the two was further explored. Methods From January to April 2022,320 clinical nurses from 6 tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province were selected by convenience sampling as the research subjects,and the general information questionnaire,the second victim experience and support questionnaire and the presenteeism scale were used to investigate and analyze the data. Results The total scores of experience,support and presenteeism of the second victim of 320 nurses in 6 tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province were （69.76±14.25） and （6.68±2.52）points,respectively. The scores of experience and support level of the second victim of nurses who were only children,whether they liked nursing,marital status,number of night shifts,health status and work support were statistically significant（all P<0.05）,and the scores of nurses of different ages,whether they were only children,marital status,working hours,working style,title level,whether they had children,weekly working hours health status,and job support were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Whether the only child,marital status and health status were all influencing factors of the experience and support of the second victim of nurses（all P<0.01）,and whether there was only one child,weekly working hours and health status were the influencing factors of nurses' presenteeism behavior（all P<0.01）. The experience of the second victim of nurses was positively correlated with support and presenteeism（r=0.169,P<0.05）,among which the physiological pain dimension,colleague support dimension,superior support dimension,organizational support dimension,other support dimension,separation and absenteeism and presenteeism behavior were positively correlated（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The experience and support and presenteeism of the second victim of 320 clinical nurses in 6 hospitals in Hunan Province were at the average level,and hospital nurses should rationally understand their own presenteeism behavior and guide themselves to reduce the experience and support of the second victim. Care managers should take steps to reduce the level of experience and support for Nurses with different characteristics as second victims,and reduce their presenteeism behavior.

Relationship between perceived stress and self-compassion,depression and its influencing factors among anesthesiologists in grade-A tertiary hospitals of Jiangsu Province

YANG Yanxia, GU Xinyu, GONG Hao, GAO Ju, ZHOU Luojing

2023, 39(17):  2375-2379. 

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Objective To investigate the current situation and relationship of perceived stress,self-compassion and depression among anesthesiologists in grade-A tertiary hospitals of Jiangsu Province,explore the influencing factors of perceived stress among anesthesiologists,so as to provide reference for coping with the high stress state of anesthesiologists and improving their mental health. Methods From February to March 2022,a cross-sectional survey method was adopted to conduct an online questionnaire survey among 374 anesthesiologists in grade-A tertiary hospitals of Jiangsu Province,and the data were analyzed. Results Among the 374 anesthesiologists,75.50% of them were in a state of moderate or above perceived stress,and 28.08% were in a state of moderate depression or above. The anesthesiologists' perceived stress was negatively correlated with self-compassion,and positively correlated with depression（all P<0.05）. The years of practice,satisfaction with income,self-compassion and depression were the influencing factors of anesthesiologists' perceived stress（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The anesthesiologists in grade-A tertiary hospitals of Jiangsu Province have a higher level of perceived stress and depression,their mental health status is not optimistic,and it is effective to take interventions to enhance individuals' self-compassion level and improve the work environment,to promote the physical and mental health of anesthesiologists.

Analysis on monitoring results of health hazards in accommodation facilities in a certain city of Guangdong Province

YU Musha, LI Yu, GOU Yan, ZHANG Haoling

2023, 39(17):  2380-2384. 

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Objective To understand the sanitary condition of accommodation in a certaincity of Guangdong province,to master the major health hazard factors,in order to provide scientific basis for strengthening sanitation management of accommodation. Method In 2021,6 accommodation in each of the 3 levels were randomly selected in a city jurisdiction,two rounds of monitoring in summer and winter,total of 36 accommodation were monitored for health hazards such as indoor air quality,public appliances and cooling water of cooling tower. Result The qualified rates of indoor air quality testing indicators were between 13.39% and 100.00%,and the qualified rate of temperature was the lowest（13.39%）,followed by relative humidity（38.39%） and noise（85.71%）. There were statistically significant differences in the qualified rate of temperature and relative humidity between different seasons（both P<0.01）. There was a significant difference in the qualified rate of noise between hotels under three stars and express hotels（P<0.05）. Among the public appliances,the qualified rate of pH value of towels and the total number of colonies of towels was 71.07% and 98.67%,and other project indicators were qualified. There were statistically significant differences in the qualified rate of pH value of towels in different seasons,star hotels and express hotels（both P<0.05）. The detection rate of legionella pneumophila in cooling water of cooling tower was 60.00%. Conclusion The qualification rate of most monitoring indicators for indoor air and public goods in accommodation facilities in a certain city in Guangdong Province is high,but the qualified rates of temperature,relative humidity,noise and pH value of towels are low,and the detection rate of legionella pneumophila in cooling water is high. There are potential health hazards,and relevant departments should strengthen health supervision and management.

Investigation on formaldehyde concentration and its influencing factors in new houses in Nanchang City

XIONG Pingping, TANG Changhai, LAI Yun, AI Linfang, LI Haifeng, ZHANG Lubing

2023, 39(17):  2385-2388. 

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Objective To understand the current situation of formaldehyde pollution in new houses in Nanchang and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide scientific basis for the decoration and prevention of formaldehyde pollution in new houses. Methods Totally 95 newly renovated houses randomly selected in Nanchang City from January to December 2023 were sampled and tested for formaldehde by the national standard method,then the 0.08 mg/m³ stipulated in the national standard was used as the limit to judge whether it exceeds the standard. Results There were a total of 188 samples,of which 132 exceeded the standard,exceeding the standard rate of 70.2%,formaldehyde concentration was 0.023-0.986 mg/m³,the average concentration of formaldehyde was 0.213 mg/m³. Indoor formaldehyde concentration was positively correlated with temperature,humidity,decoration completion time,decoration luxury and ventilationconditions（all P<0.05）. Conclusion As one of the most important indoor air pollutants,formaldehydeis seriously harmful to human health,and a variety of factors on the impact of formaldehyde release should be considerd to take the corresponding measures,so as to avoid the harm of exposure to formaldehyde.

Investigation on knowledge,attitude and practice of HPV vaccine among nursing students of Tibetan and Yi Nationalities

CHEN Feifei, PENG Liyuan, ZHOU Liangyan

2023, 39(17):  2389-2394. 

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Objective To understand the current situation of Tibetan and Yi nursing students' cognition,attitude and behavior towards human papilloma virus（HPV） and vaccine,and to provide reference for Higher Vocational Colleges in Tibetan and Yi areas to carry out health education on cervical cancer and HPV vaccine related knowledge and the promotion of HPV vaccine in Tibetan and Yi areas. Methods From December 2021 to may 2022,365 Tibetan and Yi nursing students aged 17-22 years old were selected by stratified cluster random sampling in a higher vocational college in Sichuan Province,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of HPV cognition of Tibetan and Yi nationality nursing students was （85.01±6.02）points,of which the total score of HPV cognition of intern nursing students[（85.91±6.08）points] was higher than that of non intern nursing students[（83.80±5.75）points],and the total score of HPV cognition of nursing students from cities[（85.95±6.28）points] was slightly higher than that of nursing students from rural areas[（84.42±5.79）points],the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Among 365 Tibetan and Yi nursing students,the awareness rate of HPV vaccine was 92.9%,and 48.8% of them knew that the information source of HPV vaccine was the Internet. 324 nursing students（88.8%） were willing to receive HPV vaccine,and 283 nursing students（77.5%） were willing to publicize HPV vaccine related knowledge. Conclusion Tibetan and Yi nursing students had strong willingness to HPV vaccination and publicity,but their knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccine was still insufficient. Higher vocational colleges should strengthen training of Tibetan and Yi nursing students' knowledge of HPV and vaccine,in order to improve the practical ability of Tibetan and Yi nursing students to serve the local health cause in the future,which is conducive to the popularization of HPV vaccination and the smooth development of cervical cancer prevention and control in Tibetan and Yi areas.

Correlation between aggressive behavior and type D personality,reverse psychology in junior high school students

ZHANG Zhiqin, LI Xue, JIA Guanhua, ZHANG Quanying

2023, 39(17):  2395-2400. 

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Objective To explore the relationship between aggressive behavior and type D personality,reverse psychology in junior high school students,so as to provide reference for preventing and reducing aggressive behavior of junior high school students. Methods From March to May 2022,a stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 922 students from three junior middle schools in Xinxiang City as the research objects. The general data questionnaire,aggression questionnaire,type D personality inventory and psychological reactance scale were used for questionnaire survey,and the data were analyzed. Results Among 922 students from three junior middle schools in Xinxiang City,the total score of aggressive behavior was（70.67±21.04）points,and the average score of items was（2.08±0.62）points. There were statistically significant differences in the score of aggressive behavior among junior high school students with different gender,academic ranking,feeling neglected,left-behind experience,family education and being disciplined by the school（all P<0.05）. The aggressive behavior of junior high school students was positively correlated with type D personality and reverse psychology（r=0.586,0.711,both P<0.01）. The reverse psychology,type D personality,gender and feeling ignored had predictive effects on the total score of aggressive behavior of junior high school students（β=1.367,0.593,-3.272,-4.242,all P<0.05）,which could explain 57.1% of the variation,and were the main factor influencing the total score of aggressive behavior（R²=0.571,F=306.902,P<0.01）. Conclusion The aggression level of 922 students from three junior middle schools in Xinxiang City is medium,and the type D personality and reverse psychology are related to aggressive behavior of junior middle school students,so society,school and family should strengthen mental health education of junior middle school students to reduce the occurrence of aggressive behavior.

Analysis on quality of life and influencing factors of students in a medical college in Urumqi

ZHANG Hao, Maierhaba Abulizi, Bayani Hayilati, HE Lijuan

2023, 39(17):  2401-2404. 

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Objective To understand the quality of life and influencing factors of medical students in a medical college in Urumqi,and provide reference for improving their quality of life. Methods From May to June 2021,a total of 504 medical students from a medical university in Urumqi were selected by the method of stratified sampling and cluster sampling. Their quality of life was evaluated by the short-form 36 item health survey questionnaire（SF-36）,and the data were analyzed. Results The highest score among medical students in all dimensions was social function[（98.34±22.67）points],while the lowest score was vitality[（60.54±14.56）points], the total score of physical health was （77.93±9.86）points,the total score of mental health was （71.68±13.54）points,and the total score of life quality was （74.81±9.9）points. The quality of life of medical students might be affected by gender,physical exercise status, sleep duration and difficulty in falling asleep（all P<0.05）. There was a statistically significant difference in quality of life scores among medical students of different genders（P<0.05）. Having a certain habit of physical exercise was a protective factor for the quality of life of medical students（P<0.05）. Difficulty in falling asleep and short sleep duration were risk factors for the quality of life of medical students（both P<0.05）. Conclusions The quality of life of medical students in a medical college in Urumqi needs to be improved. Students should be encouraged to actively participate in physical exercise and outdoor activities,allocate sleep time reasonably,and receive psychological counseling to improve their quality of life.

Intermediary role of body image satisfaction in influence of social media selfies on self-objectification among college students

YANG Wenyu, MEI Yaqi, ZHAO Yunfeng, WANG Can

2023, 39(17):  2405-2410. 

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Objective To explore the intermediary role of portrait satisfaction between social media selfies and self-objectification among college students,help college students to understand the adverse effects they may have on the body image satisfaction of using selfie on social networking sites,guide college students to treat selfie behavior correctly,and reduce the possible adverse effects of selfie behavior. Methods From September 2021 to January 2022,368 college students in Anhui Medical University were surveyed online by using the general data questionnaire,social networking website selfie questionnaire,self-objectification questionnaire and body image satisfaction scale,and the data were analyzed. Results There were statistically significant differences in the social networking website selfie among different gender,learning pressure,normal personality,classmate relationship,selfie frequency,selfie time,likes and comments from followers（all P<0.01）. There were statistically significant differences in the body image satisfaction among different grade,per capita family income,learning pressure,normal personality,classmate relationship,likes and comments from followers（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the self-objectification among different family relations and selfie time（all P<0.05）. The correlation analysis results indicated that social networking site selfies was positively correlated with body image satisfaction and self-objectification（both P<0.01）,and body image satisfaction was negatively correlated with self-objectification（P<0.01）. The mediating effect model of body image satisfaction showed that the indirect influence of social networking site selfies on self-objectification through body image satisfaction was significant,played a complete mediation effect,mediation effect accounted for 97.18% of the total effect. Conclusions The social networking site selfies can significantly and positively predict self-objectification,and body image satisfaction plays a completely mediating role in the positive prediction of social networking site selfies on self-objectification. The college students should treat the problem of social networking site selfie correctly,especially the body image satisfaction problem involved,and have a clear understanding of themselves. The higher education institutions should also constantly improve the educational content and guide students to establish a correct moral outlook,outlook on life and values.

Visualization analysis of depression project funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China：Based on CiteSpace

ZHONG Dixiang, HONG Ting, QI Yuanyuan, CHU Zheyou, AO Yixuan, MIAO Yingchun

2023, 39(17):  2411-2416. 

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Objective Based on the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China（NSFC） in the field of depression from 2011 to 2021,the research hotspots were analyzed in order to provide references for future research. Methods Comprehensively search NSFC official website,NSFC searching website,and LetPub database,query the related research on depression from 2011 to 2021,extract the approved year,funding type,province,et al for statistical analysis and visualization. Results From 2011 to 2021,there were a total of 1 390 grants in the field of depression,with a funding amount of 671.92 million yuan,showing a fluctuating upward trend,involving eight major academic departments and 54 first level disciplines,showing a trend of multidisciplinary joint development,and characterized by the continuous application of new technologies and methods. The regional distribution was uneven,with comprehensive universities（34.3%） and Western medicine universities（19.01%） as the main supporting units. Traditional Chinese medicine research had emerged in various units. The research mainly focuses on keywords such as synaptic plasticity,neural circuits,machine learning,and acupuncture techniques. Conclusions NSFC funding analysis helps to clarify the current hotspots of depression research and provide direction for future workers. At the same time,it enhances strengths and complements weaknesses,solidly learns relevant new theories,fully utilizes new technologies and methods,highlights disciplinary characteristics,and further enriches the scientific connotation of the field of depression.

Factors related to health literacy among the elderly in China：A meta-analysis

XIAO Xixi, WANG Yuncui

2023, 39(17):  2417-2421. 

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Objective To analyze the related factors of health literacy among the elderly in China through meta-analysis,so as to provide a strong reference basis for improving the health literacy of the elderly. Methods The Embase,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CBM,VIP,Wanfang,and CNKI database were searched to collect literature on factors related to the health literacy of the elderly. The retrieval time started from inception and ended on October 30,2021. Two analysts independently conducted literature screening,data extraction,and literature quality evaluation using the standards recommended by the agency for healthcare research and quality（AHRQ） in the United States. RevMan 5.4 was used for meta-analysis. Results A total of 16 articles and 9 related factors were included for meta-analysis,with a sample size of 6 067 people. The meta-analysis results showed that educational level（OR=2.34,95%CI：1.69-3.24）,self perceived health status（OR=1.34,95%CI：1.14-1.58）,geographical location（OR=1.30,95%CI：1.17-1.44）,engaged in medical work（OR=16.98,95%CI：2.15-134.22）,and chronic disease（OR=1.72,95%CI：1.05-2.83） were related factors for the health literacy of elderly patients in China（all P<0.05）. Conclusion Low educational level,poor self perceived health status,geographical location in the western region,non medical work,and absence chronic diseases are risk factors for health literacy among the elderly.

Investigation and Research

Investigation on occupational health status of 455 enterprises in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

WANG Meilin, YANG Wenhai, MA Lixia, GENG Jingdong

2023, 39(17):  2422-2425. 

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Objective To monitor the hazard factors of 455 enterprises in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,and understand the status of occupational health in enterprises,so as to provide reference basis for supervision and law enforcement,research and revision of regulations,standards,policies and measures of occupational disease prevention and control. Methods From July to September 2021,hazard factors detection and current situation investigation were conducted on 455 enterprises in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,and the data was analyzed. Results The exposure rate of occupational hazard factors in 455 enterprises was 66.36%,and the occupational health training rate for workers was 96.01%. There were statistically significant differences in the detection exceeding standards rates of production dust and chemical toxicity in enterprises of different scales. There were statistically significant differences in health examination rates among workers in different industry types and exposure to different hazard factors. There were statistically significant differences in the distribution rate of personal protective equipment and the setting rate of hazard factor protective facilities in different scale enterprises（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The occupational health status of 455 enterprises in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is not optimistic,and the prevention and control of occupational diseases still needs to be highly valued. Strengthen the promotion of occupational disease prevention and control,especially increase the supervision of small and micro enterprises,and carry out special rectification work to improve the occupational health management ability and occupational disease prevention and control level of enterprises.

Health Management and Research

Analysis on human resource change and equity in national disease control and prevention institutions

CHEN Ruonan, YU Jie, LIU Wei, LIU Yue, SUN Ying, LI Jian

2023, 39(17):  2426-2428. 

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Objective To understand the change of human resources of national disease control and prevention institutions and the human resources of disease control and prevention institutions in eastern,central and western regions,provide reference for optimizing the human resources allocation of disease control and prevention institutions in eastern,central and western regions. Methods The basic information of national disease prevention and control institutions and institutions in eastern,central and western regions in 2016 and 2020 including the number of institutions,personnel,professional and technical personnel,were selected for comparative statistical analysis. Results In 2020,the number of personnel in disease prevention and control institutions in China increased by 1.46% compared with 2016,the number of institutions in eastern and western regions increased by 1.02% and 5.79% respectively,the number of personnel in central regions decreased by 2.47%,and none of them have reached the national standard of ratio of 1.75 per 10 000 prescribed by the state. In terms of personnel classification,the number of professionals in national disease control and prevention institutions increased by 1.29% in 2020 compared with 2016. The increase of professionals in disease control and prevention institutions in eastern and western regions both exceeded 1%,while the increase of professionals in disease control and prevention institutions in central regions was less than1%. All of them did not meet the requirement that professional and technical personnel account for no less than 85% of the total number. In terms of the concentration degree of health resources,in 2020,the fairness in terms of geographical area was eastern region >central region >western region,and the fairness in terms of population allocation was western region >central region >eastern region. Conclusions The total amount of human resources in the national disease prevention and control institutions is insufficient,the structure of human resources is not very reasonable,the allocation of human resources is poor,and the regional development is unbalanced. It is necessary to dynamically adjust the number of disease prevention and control institutions,increase investment,allocate health human resources according to local conditions,and strengthen the cultivation of professional talents,to promote the high-quality development of disease prevention and control institutions across the country.

Overview

Research progress of nurses' perception of decent work

WANG Jing, YAN Yishan, WANG Xiangzi, ZHU Yue, PANG Xiaoli

2023, 39(17):  2429-2433. 

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Decent work perception is a psychological perception of individuals' recognition and satisfaction of their own work value,including the degree of perception of work reward,job position,career development,career recognition and work atmosphere. As the largest occupational group in health institutions,improving nurses' sense of decent work is one of the effective ways to mobilize nurses' working enthusiasm,improve nurses' professional satisfaction and job well-being,and reduce nurses' turnover intention. This article summarized the concept and evaluation tools of nurses' sense of decent work,the status quo and influencing factors of nurses' sense of decent work,and put forward some countermeasures and suggestions to improve nurses' sense of physical and mental work,so as to provide reference for nursing managers to formulate effective strategies and improve nurses' sense of decent work.

Research progress on sleep assessment and related adverse outcomes of shift nurses

TAN Lixia, WANG Fang, HU Xiuying

2023, 39(17):  2434-2439. 

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The hospital needs to provide 24-hour continuous care for patients,so shift work including night shift is inevitable. Sleep problems caused by shift work are one of the major occupational hazards for nurses. This paper reviews the sleep assessment methods of shift nurses at home and abroad,summarizes the impact of sleep problems on cognitive function,health status and work performance,and puts forward intervention strategies from three levels of individuals,managers and organizations,in order to provide reference for shift nurses' sleep improvement,occupational health promotion and intervention implementation.

Research progress on family influencing factors and countermeasures of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury behavior

LIU Jiao, QIN Yuan, WU Dongmei

2023, 39(17):  2440-2443. 

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The non-suicidal self-injury behavior seriously harms the growth of teenagers. In this paper,the family influencing factors of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury behaviors are summarized,and the family influencing factors of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury behaviors are introduced from the aspects of parents suffering from depression or family history of non-suicidal self-injury behaviors,parents' educational level,and improper family rearing patterns. And relevant preventive measures are discussed from the personal,family,school and society,so as to provide reference for formulating effective prevention programs of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury behaviors.

Research progress of nutrition literacy assessment tools in the elderly

ZHANG Di, LI Min

2023, 39(17):  2444-2448. 

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With the acceleration of the aging process,more and more elderly people are facing age-related nutritional problems. Nutritional literacy,as an individual's ability to understand,obtain and apply relevant basic nutritional information,is an important factor affecting the eating habits of the elderly. This paper reviews the definition of nutritional literacy,model classification,and related contents of assessment tools for nutritional literacy of the elderly at home and abroad. In order to provide a reference basis for the development of nutritional literacy assessment tools for the elderly.