Table of Content

01 May 2023, Volume 39 Issue 9

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Treatise

Correlation between handgrip strength and body composition,physical activity level among students of a medicine college in Beijing

HAN Yue, GAO Xin, ZHANG Xi, ZHOU Man-yu, LIU Bing-qing, LIAO Yan

2023, 39(9):  1153-1157. 

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Objective To analyze the correlation between handgrip strength and the levels of high quality protein intake,body composition and physical activity among students of a medicine college in Beijing,explore factors that affect grip strength,and provide basis for enhancing grip strength through strengthening exercise,improving body composition,and adjusting diet. Methods From October to December 2021,a total of 235 undergraduates and graduate students in a medical college in Beijing were randomly selected by stratified sampling method,then ask them to fill out a dietary questionnaire and physical activity scale. The body composition was measured by biological resistance method using JAWON instrument IOI353. The handgrip strength was measured by Xiangshan EH101. The Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlation among grip strength,body composition and physical activity level. Results The valid data of 221 samples were collected,180 students had qualified handgrip strength,accounting for 81.45%. There were statistically significant differences in height,body mass index among students with different handgrip strength（all P<0.05）. The difference in the high quality protein intake was not statistically significant among students with different handgrip strength（P>0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in total body fat,skeletal muscle mass,upper limb muscle mass,and fat mass among students with different handgrip strength（all P<0.05）. The level of grip strength was positively correlated with the muscle mass of the whole body and both upper limbs（r=0.751,P<0.01）,negatively correlated with body fat percentage（r=-0.220,P<0.01）,and positively correlated with physical activity level（r=0.260,P<0.01）. Conclusion The grip strength level of students in a medical college in Beijing is closely related to their body composition and physical activity level,and students can increase overall skeletal muscle mass by increasing daily physical exercise,and reduce the body fat rate through exercise and dietary adjustment to improve grip strength.

Interventional effect of total flavonoids of Ginkgo biloba on human embryonic kidney cytotoxicity induced by mercury poisoning and its effect on SIRT1/NLRP3 pathway

ZHANG Jian-xin, HE Qing, ZHANG Jian-bin, LIU Jie

2023, 39(9):  1158-1164. 

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Objective To investigate the intervention effect of total flavonoids of Ginkgo biloba on the cytotoxicity of human embryonic kidney induced by mercury poisoning and its effect on silent information regulator 1（SIRT1）/nod-like receptors-3（NLRP3） pathway. Methods HEK293 cells were cultured in vitro and included the control group,mercury poisoning model group（1 000 μmol/L HgCl₂）,low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose ginkgo total flavonoids groups（1 000 μmol/L HgCl₂+100,200,400 mg/L ginkgo total flavonoids）. After incubation for 24 hours,the cell survival was detected by tetramethylazolyl blue（MTT） method,the level of apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry,the level of autophagy was detected by microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B-Ⅱ（LC3B-Ⅱ） antibody staining,the levels of glutathione,r-glutamyl cysteingl+glycine（GSH） and malondialdehyde（MDA） were measured,and levels of SIRT1 and NLRP3 were detected by real-time fluorescent reverse transcription（RT-PCR） and Western blotting. Results Compared with the control group,the survival rate of cells in the mercury poisoning model group[（93.63±2.51）% vs（48.63±3.25）%],the positive rate of cell LC3B-Ⅱ[（58.25±12.15）% vs（10.19±3.20）%],GSH content[（115.82±15.91）U/mg vs（52.74±6.40）U/mg],SIRT1 mRNA protein expression（2.93±0.80 vs 0.48±0.14,0.30±0.05 vs 0.09±0.03） decreased,and the difference were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Compared with the mercury poisoning model group,the cell survival rate after ginkgo total flavonoids treatment[（48.63±3.25）% vs（59.28±3.18）%,（74.21±3.63）%,（82.29±3.59）%],the positive rate of cell LC3B-Ⅱ[（10.19±3.20）% vs（15.20±5.33）%,（22.02±8.65）%,（36.22±11.35）%],GSH content[（52.74±6.40）U/mg vs（67.36±9.71）U/mg,（84.52±7.46）U/mg,（92.48±5.29）U/mg],SIRT1 mRNA protein expression（0.48±0.14,0.78±0.23,1.52±0.30 vs 2.20±0.72, 0.09±0.03 vs 0.23±0.06,0.19±0.08,0.14±0.06） increased,and the difference were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Compared with the control group,the apoptosis rate of mercury poisoning model group[（0.16±0.08）% vs（1.14±0.19）%],MDA content[（5.42±0.68）nmol/mg vs（18.60±3.21）nmol/mg],NLRP3 mRNA protein expression levels（0.35±0.09 vs 3.28±1.02,0.24±0.04 vs 0.73±0.12） significantly increased,and the difference were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Compared with the mercury poisoning model group,the cell apoptosis rate after ginkgo total flavonoids treatment[（1.14±0.19）% vs（0.83±0.12）%,（0.32±0.07）%,（0.21±0.07）%],MDA content[（18.60±3.21）nmol/mg vs（15.79±4.26）nmol/mg,（10.21±2.47）nmol/mg,（8.16±1.05）nmol/mg],NLRP3 mRNA protein expression levels（3.28±1.02 vs 2.45±0.86,1.53±0.46,0.83±0.32,0.73±0.12 vs 0.60±0.09,0.41±0.06,0.37±0.07） decreased,with the dose-response relationship,and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Conclusions The total flavonoids of Ginkgo biloba have a protective effect on the cytotoxicity of human embryonic kidney caused by mercury poisoning,can reduce cell apoptosis and oxidative damage,and enhance cell autophagy. The mechanism may be related to total flavonoids of Ginkgo biloba increasing the expression of SIRT1,reducing the expression of NLRP3,and then inhibiting SIRT1/NLRP3 pathway.

Analysis on burden and variation trends of anxiety disorders in China from 1990-2019

WANG Zhi-yong, FAN Zhuan-zhuan, YANG Hua-feng, XU Fei, CHENG Yun-feng, WANG Mei-lan

2023, 39(9):  1165-1170. 

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Objective To estimate the disease burden and variation trend of anxiety disorders from 1990 to 2019 in China,provide an evidence for scientific prevention and control of anxiety disorders. Methods The data of anxiety disorders in Chinese population were extracted from the database of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019（GBD2019）. The disease burden of anxiety disorders in China from 1990 to 2019 was described by incident case number and incidence rate,prevalent case number and prevalence rate,disability-adjusted life year（DALYS） and DALYS rate. The Joinpoint regression model was introduced to calculate the annual change（APC） and the average annual change（AAPC） to assess temporal trend of anxiety disorders burden from 1990 to 2019 in China. Results In 2019,the number of incident and prevalent cases,as well as DALYs in China were 7 285 600 persons,47 842 200 persons,and 3 216 000 person-years,respectively,with a 9.27%,14.76% and 13.08% rise,respectively,relative to that in 2009. The incidence,prevalence and DALY rates were 512.23/100 000,3 363.60/100 000 and 321.60/100 000,respectively,with a 9.06%,4.49% and 5.89% decline,respectively,relative to that in 2009. The incidence,prevalence and DALYs rates among females were higher than each of those for males,and the disease burden was higher in ≥70 years old group than in the other age groups. From 1990 to 2019,the standardized incidence（AAPC=-0.19%,P<0.01）,standardized prevalence（AAPC= -0.31%,P<0.01） and standardized DALYs（AAPC=-0.29%,P<0.05） of anxiety disorders showed a decreasing trend in China. Conclusions The overall disease burden of anxiety disorders decrease from 1990 to 2019 in China,with gender and age differences. However,in recent years,there has been a rebound. The burden of anxiety disorders may continue to increase under the influence of the accelerating pace of life and aging. In the future,it is necessary to strengthen intervention in key populations such as women,children,adolescents,and the elderly to reduce the harm of anxiety disorders to population health.

Analysis on dust exposure duration and first diagnosis age of new pneumoconiosis patients in Sanming City from 2006-2021

SHI Jian-feng, HUANG Xin, XIE Bing-rong

2023, 39(9):  1171-1175. 

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Objective To analyze the characteristics of new pneumoconiosis patients in Sanming City from 2006 to 2021,so as to provide basis for improving the effectiveness of pneumoconiosis prevention and treatment. Methods The new pneumoconiosis case database in Sanming City from 2006 to 2021 was exported from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention-occupational disease and occupational health information monitoring subsystem,and the pneumoconiosis stage,gender,disease type,regional distribution,dust exposure duration and first diagnosis age were analyzed descriptively. Results There were 2 567 new cases with pneumoconiosis in Sanming City from 2006 to 2021,including 1728 cases（67.31%） with pneumoconiosis stageⅠ,548 cases（21.35%） with pneumoconiosis stageⅡand 291 cases（11.34%） with pneumoconiosis stage Ⅲ. There were 2 556 males（99.57%） and 11 females（0.43%）. The coal workers' pneumoconiosis（1 862 cases） and silicosis（642 cases） accounted for 97.55%. The regions with more cases were Datian County（1 297 cases,50.53%） and Yong'an City（997 cases,38.84%）. There were four peaks in the incidence,which were 2010,2012,2016 and 2019-2020,respectively. The average dust exposure duration of pneumoconiosis patients was 9.50（5.17,18.25）years,and the average first diagnosis age was （49.99±8.05）years old. 610 cases（23.76%） had been exposed to dust for <5 years,and 267 cases（10.40%） had the first diagnosis age ≥ 60 years old.839 cases（32.68%） were diagnosed as pneumoconiosis stage Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ at the first diagnosis. The dust exposure duration of patients with pneumoconiosis stageⅡand stage Ⅲ was lower than that of patients with pneumoconiosis stageⅠ（H=428.03,535.18,both P<0.01）. The first diagnosis age of patients with pneumoconiosis stage Ⅲ was higher than that of patients with pneumoconiosis stageⅠand stageⅡ（P<0.01）. The average dust exposure duration and the average first diagnosis age of patients with coal workers' pneumoconiosis were lower than those of silicosis patients（P<0.01）. Conclusion There is severe pneumoconiosis situation in Sanming City,the prevention and treatment focus on coal workers' pneumoconiosis and silicosis,and it is necessary to strengthen the supervision of areas and industries with severe dust hazards,implement occupational health monitoring and protect workers' occupational health rights and interests.

Radiation safety effect evaluation of a 9 MeV electron accelerator for industrial flaw detection

ZHAO Lian-feng, ZHAN Jing-ming, XUE Xiang-ming, GU Xiao-na, WU Zhao, ZENG Zhi-wei

2023, 39(9):  1176-1181. 

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Objective To master the radiation protection effect of the flaw detection room of a newly-built 9 MeV electron accelerator. Methods The theoretical calculation method of radiation shielding recommended in the NCRP-51 and NCRP-151 reports of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements（NCRP） was used to calculate the theoretical thickness of the shielding wall and the dose rate at the point of concern in the flaw detection room and compared with the actual test results in 2021. Results During the operation of 9 MeV electron linear accelerator flaw detection room,according to the design value of concrete shielding wall,the dose rate at the accessible position 30 cm outside the wall is calculated to be 0.03-0.64 μSv/h,the dose rate at 30 cm outside the roof is 10 μSv/h. Conclusion Combined with the shielding calculation results and the actual field monitoring and measurement results,it shows that the radiation shielding design,radiation safety protection devices and radiation protection management measures of the newly-built 9 MeV industrial flaw detection electron accelerator flaw detection room conform to the radiation protection standards of industrial flaw detection room in China.

Intermediary role of resilience between mental health and job burnout of clinical nurses

YANG Rui, LI Jian-min, WANG Yu-long, LI Hong-mei, XUE Cheng-jing

2023, 39(9):  1182-1186. 

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Objective To explore the current situation of psychological resilience,mental health and job burnout of clinical front-line nurses,analyze the mediating role of resilience between mental health and job burnout. Methods From April to July 2020,358 clinical nurses in the Hospital Affiliated to North China University of Science and Technology were investigated by convenience sampling method with the self-designed questionnaire,Connor-Davidson resilience scale（CD-RISC）,general health questionnaire（GHQ-20） and Maslach burnout inventory general survey（MBI-GS）,and the data were analyzed. Results The score of resilience in nurses was （62.16±15.52）points,the score of mental health was （14.55±3.60）points,and the total score of job burnout was （50.32±10.89）points. There were statistically significant differences in job burnout scores among nurses with different marital status and nursing work attitude（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in mental health scores of nurses with different deucaltional backgrounds,nursing work attitude and monthly income（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in psychological resilience scores of nurese with different gender,length of service,monthly incorne and professional title（all P<0.05）. The total score of mental health in nurses was negatively correlated with total score of job burnout（r=-0.530,P<0.05）,and the total score of resilience was negatively correlated with total score of job burnout（r=-0.556,P<0.05）. The psychological resilience,mental health and nurses' marital status and attitudes towards nursing work could explain 45.3% of the variation of job burnout. Conclusion The psychological resilience and general mental health are important influencing factors of job burnout among 358 clinical nurses in the Hospital Affiliated to North China University of Science and Technology,and psychological resilience plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between mental health and job burnout.

Investigation on occupational health status and analysis of critical control points in 19 automobile 4S stores in Beijing

YANG Ying

2023, 39(9):  1187-1191. 

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Objective To understand the basic work of occupational health and the operation of occupational disease prevention facilities in Beijing automobile repair enterprises after the special treatment of occupational hazards,carry out investigation on the basic work of occupational health,detect and evaluate the existing occupational disease inductive factors and prevention facilities,put forward critical control points,and provide the suggestions on the supervision and management of occupational health in the industry. Methods From 2020 to 2021,19 automobile 4S stores were randomly selected in Beijing to investigate their basic information,occupational health management,occupational health monitoring,personal occupational disease protection articles and wearing conditions,main occupational disease hazards exposed by workers,and occupational disease protection facilities. The occupational disease hazards and the paint mixing room detoxification cabinet were sampled,detected and analyzed in accordance with relevant technical specifications. Results There were occupational hazards such as dust,toxic substances,noise and ultraviolet radiation in automobile 4S stores. The concentrations of chemical substances exposed to welding,grinding,painting and paint mixing posts met the requirements,and the test results were far below the 1/2 of occupational exposure limits. The main sources of noise were post welding grinding,putty grinding and sheet metal. The noise intensity was 82.3-93.5 dB（A）,but they are intermittent operations,and the daily exposure time is not too long,therefore,the noise intensity of each post after equivalent calculation met the requirements. The paint spraying post,paint mixing post,post welding polishing post,putty polishing post and sheet metal post should be taken as the critical control points of the automobile 4S store. Conclusion The occupational disease prevention and control work of automobile 4S stores in Beijing has been regulated to a certain extent,the automobile 4S stores should strengthen the occupational health protection measures at critical control points,and the government supervision and management departments and automobile 4S stores should further strengthen the management in the aspects of early occupational health prevention and occupational health inspection.

Fatty acid composition analysis of Xinjiang specialty vegetable oils

WANG Ran-ran, XIAO Xiao, Aiyireti·Maimaiti, YANG Xue-li, LI Jing

2023, 39(9):  1192-1196. 

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Objective To detect the composition of 37 fatty acids in 12 edible vegetable oils（rapeseed oil,safflower seed oil,sunflower seed oil,corn germ oil,flaxseed oil,sesame oil,pumpkin seed oil,peach kernel oil,badam oil,almond oil,grape seed oil,and Chamaku seed oil） in Urumqi,conduct the detailed analysis of the content of various fatty acids contained in it,so as to determine the nutritional characteristics of different types of edible oils. Methods With synchronous optimization through preprocessing and instrument methods,the edible oil samples were treated for methylation serivatization by transesterification,and the separation and determination of fatty acid composition were performed using HP-88 special capillary chromatography column. Results The main fatty acid components in 12 types of edible oils were mainlypalmitic acid,stearic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid,and arachidonic acid. In rapeseed oil,peach kernel oil,badamwood oil and almond oil,the content of monounsaturated fatty acids（MUFA） accounted for the vast majority,and the mass fractions were >57%. In safflower seed oil,sunflower seed oil,corn germ oil,flaxseed oil,sesame oil,grape seed oil and Chamaku seed oil,the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids（PUFA） accounted for the vast majority,and the mass fractions were ≥58%. The contents of oleic acid and linoleic acid in edible vegetable oil determined in this study were high. The content of arachidonic acid in Chamaku seed oil is very high（48.386 g/100 g）. In the samples of this study,the ratios of saturated fatty acids（SFA） to MUFA were <1,while the ratios of SFA to PUFA were <1. Conclusion 12 types of edible oils have high nutritional value and good health care effect,also have good stability and security,and scientific intake of edible oil according to the needs and proportions helps to achieve a better dietary nutritional balance of fatty acids and effective health care.

Detection of dichlorvos residues in ham by QuEChERS-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

ZHU Peng-jing, LIU Jian-hui, LI Yan-sheng, ZHANG Ting, DUAN Yi-hong

2023, 39(9):  1197-1201. 

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Objective By using QuEChERS-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）,to establish an analytical method for the determination of dichlorvos in ham. Methods The crushed ham samples were extracted with acetonitrile,and purified by QuEChERS. The dichlorvos in ham was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry under Full Scan and SIM（single ion monitoring） mode. Results The resolution of dichlorvos in ham was good,and the linear relationships was good in the range of 0.01-1.00 μg/mL with the correlation coefficient（r） was 0.999 9. The limit of detection was 0.7 μg/kg,and the limit of quantitation was 2 μg/kg. When the addition concentration was 5-50 μg/kg,the recovery of standard addition was 85.2%-105.4%,and the relative standard deviation was 2.68%-7.41%. 95 ham samples were tested by this method,the dichlorvos was detected in 24 samples,the detection rate was 25.3%,and the detection concentration of positive samples was 14.82-157.53 μg/kg. Conclusion The method is simple in operation,stable and reproducible,and can be used for the qualitative and quantitative determination of dichlorvos in ham.

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks in Changsha City from 2015-2021

ZHANG Heng, LIAO Yu, MA Di-hui, CAO Ke-ke, ZHANG Jin-fu, ZHOU Cang-hai

2023, 39(9):  1202-1205. 

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Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks in Changsha City from 2015-2021,and provide reference basis for the prevention and control of foodborne disease and food safety incidents. Methods The foodborne disease outbreaks reported in Changsha from 2015-2021 were analyzed. Results From 2015-2021,a total of 387 foodborne disease outbreaks were reported in Changsha,with 2 142 cases and 23 deaths. June to September was the peak period for foodborne disease outbreaks in Changsha,with reported incidents and cases accounting for 67.96% and 57.75%,respectively. The identification rate of pathogenic factors was 73.90%,and poisonous mushroom poisoning was the most important pathogenic factor,resulting in the highest number of outbreak events,incidence cases,inpatients,and death cases,accounting for 56.85%,36.74%,53.39%,and 91.30%,respectively.Families were the main places for outbreaks of foodborne diseases,with the highest number of reported events,incidence cases,inpatients,and death cases,accounting for 71.32%,43.84%,62.77%,and 100.00%,respectively. Conclusions The high incidence period of foodborne diseases in Changsha City from 2015-2021 is summer and autumn,the family is the main place for foodborne disease outbreaks,and the poisonous mushroom is the main pathogenic factors for prevention and control. It is recommended to strengthen monitoring,supervision,health education,and medical treatment of the main pathogenic factors in key months and places based on the characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks.

Analysis on surveillance results of foodborne disease outbreaks in Yancheng City from 2011-2021

GAO Ming-ming, LU Jin-feng, SUN Jia-hao

2023, 39(9):  1206-1209. 

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Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks in Yancheng City from 2011 to 2021,provide basis for the formulation of prevention and control measures. Methods The incident data reported in the foodborne disease outbreak surveillance system in Yancheng City from 2011 to 2021 were analyzed. Results From 2011 to 2021,a total of incidents were reported in the foodborne disease outbreak monitoring system in Yancheng City,with the peak incidence in May-October,of which August had the largest number of incidents,the largest number of cases,and the largest number of deaths. The incidents of unknown cause accounted for 75.21%,the incidents caused by microorganisms accounted for 19.66%,the chemical incidents accounted for 3.42%,and the poisonous animals and plants and their toxins accounted for 1.71%. There were 83 incidents with clear cause food,accounting for 70.94%. The main places of foodborne diseases outbreaks were catering service places and families,accounting for 63.26% and 33.33% respectively. Conclusions From 2011 to 2021,the peak of foodborne disease outbreaks in Yancheng City is from May to October,the main pathogenic factors are microbial pathogenic factors,and the main places are catering service places. Therefore,publicity,education and supervision and management should be strengthened to reduce incidence of foodborne disease outbreaks and reduce the disease burden of foodborne diseases.

Mediating role of job satisfaction in person-organization fit and subjective well-being among contract nurses in military hospitals

SHI Yan-ru, SUN Wen, ZENG Hui, YAN Pei

2023, 39(9):  1210-1214. 

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Objective To explore the relationship between person-organization fit and subjective well-being of contract nurses in military hospitals,and the role of job satisfaction in it,so as to provide reference for improving nurses' subjective well-being. Methods From November to December 2021,totally 445 contract nurses were collected from three military hospitals in Xi'an City by convenience sampling,the questionnaire investigation was performed by the nurse person-organization fit assessment scale,the nurse job satisfaction scale and the overall happiness scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The subjective well-being score of contract nurses in military hospital was （78.49±14.41）points. The subjective well-being was positively correlated with person-organization fit and job satisfaction（r=0.312,0.492,both P<0.01）,and the job satisfaction was positively correlated with person-organization fit（r=0.430,P<0.01）. The job satisfaction played a partial mediating role in the relationship between person-organization fit and subjective well-being. Conclusions The nurses' person-organization fit has a positive predictive effect on subjective well-being,and job satisfaction plays a mediating role between nurse's person-organization fit and subjective well-being. Improving nurse's person-organization fit and job satisfaction can improve nurse's subjective well-being.

Epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Muli County of Liangshan Prefecture from 2011-2021

LIU Hui, YANG wei, QING Xiao-yong, JI Bu-ze-le-mo, YANG Wen-lan, GONG Qiao-duo-ji

2023, 39(9):  1215-1221. 

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Objective To understand the incidence and death of notifiable infectious diseases in Muli Tibetan Autonomous County（Muli County） of Liangshan Prefecture from 2011 to 2021,analyzed the epidemic situation of infectious diseases,and provide scientific basis for formulating infectious disease prevention and control strategies. Methods The monitoring data of notifiable infectious diseases in Muli County were extracted from the infectious disease report information management system of China's Disease Prevention and Control Information System,and the data were analyzed. Results From 2011 to 2021,a total of 22 types of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Muli County,including 6 175 cases and 19 deaths,and no class A infectious diseases were reported. The average annual incidence rate was 421.16/100 000,and the average annual mortality rate was 1.30/100 000. The total incidence rate of notifiable infectious diseases showed fluctuating upward trend（χ²_trend=803.92,P<0.01）. In the county and surrounding towns,farmers,children,students and infants had a high incidence of infectious diseases in summer. The incidence rates of hepatitis B,tuberculosis,dysentery,mumps and hand,foot and mouth disease were higher. The number of reported cases of hepatitis B,tuberculosis and hand,foot and mouth disease was on the rise. The proportion of intestinal infectious diseases decreased year by year（χ²_trend=191.55,P<0.01）,and the proportion of blood borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases increased year by year（χ²_trend=350.40,P<0.01）. Conclusion The incidence and death of notifiable infectious diseases in Muli County of Liangshan Prefecture from 2011-2021 cannot be ignored,and it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of key season,key areas,key populations and key infectious diseases,strengthen publicity and education,improve the vaccination rate,improve residents' awareness of disease prevention,and strive to control infectious diseases in Muli County at a lower level.

Path analysis of resilience and its influencing factors of emergency nurses

ZHANG Peng-jia, HAN Peng, JIANG Jin-xia, LING Zhi-ying, DENG Shan, GU Rui-lian

2023, 39(9):  1222-1227. 

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Objective To understand the status quo of emergency nurses' resilience,analyze its influencing factors and the path of action,in order to provide the basis for emergency nursing team management. Methods From June to October 2021,418 emergency nurses of three tertiary hospitals and three secondary hospitals in Shanghai were selected as the research subjects by convenient sampling method. The general data questionnaire,perceived leader selection scale,job crafting scale,work passion scale and resilience of medical staff scale were used to collect data,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of resilience among 418 emergency nurses was （72.97±11.39）points. There were positive correlations between the emergency nurses' resilience and the average scores of perceived leader selection,job crafting and work passion（except the forced work passion dimension）（r=0.556,0.833,0.535,all P<0.05）,and there was a negative correlation with the forced work passion dimension score（r=-0.172,P<0.05）. The perceived leader selection and job crafting had a direct positive impact on resilience（β=0.124,0.763,both P<0.01）. The work passion and job crafting had significant mediating effects on the relationship between the perceived leader selection and the nurses' resilience（95%CI：0.187-0.342）,the total effect of the perceived leader selection on the resilience was 0.524（P<0.01,95%CI：0.449-0.599）,the direct effect was 0.091（P<0.01,95%CI：0.034-0.165）,and the mediating effect was 0.454（P<0.01,95%CI：0.391-0.501）,accounting for 83.32% of the total effect value. Conclusion The job crafting and work passion played a mediating role between perceived leadership selection and resilience,the nursing managers should increase the positive interaction with nurses,improve the fit between the characteristics of nurses and their self-values,enhance the work passion and remolding ability of emergency department nurses through creating a positive professional team atmosphere,and then improve their resilience,stabilize the emergency nursing team and shape competitive advantages.

Relationship between nurses' professional benefit,professional identity and job happiness

CHEN Shan-shan, YANG Lu, SHEN Dong-mei, ZHANG Shuang-xin, WANG Mei-xin, AI Chong

2023, 39(9):  1228-1232. 

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Objective To investigate the status and correlation of professional benefit,professional identity and work happiness of nurses. Methods A total of 572 nurses in Dafeng People's Hospital of Yancheng City in Jiangsu Province were surveyed by general data questionnaire,nurses' professional benefit questionnaire,nurses' professional identity rating scale and nurses' work happiness scale in January 2022. Results The sense of professional benefit,sense of professional identity and sense of work happiness were scored as （3.88±0.75）,（3.60±0.83） and （4.29±1.05）points,respectively. The nurses' professional identity played a mediating role between occupational benefits and job well-being,and the mediating effect（0.340） accounted for 71% of the total effect（1.179）. Conclusion The sense of professional benefit,sense of professional identity and sense of well-being at work of nurses in Dafeng People's Hospital of Yancheng City in Jiangsu Province are all in the middle level,and it is suggested that nursing managers and nursing educators strengthen the continuing education of professional identity of nurses,improve the sense of well-being at work of nurses,and promote the stable development of nursing staff.

Monitoring results of drinking water quality in Urumqi from 2017-2021

ZHANG Xiao-hong, ZHU Ting

2023, 39(9):  1233-1236. 

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Objective To understand the sanitary status of drinking water quality for residents in Urumqi,find out the risk indexes,and provide reference for Urumqi to make scientific safety management strategy and improve the quality of drinking water for residents. Methods The water quality of 903 samples of drinking water was analyzed according to Standard test methods for drinking water（GB/T 5750-2006）,and the results were evaluated according to the Hygienic standard for drinking water（GB 5749-2006）. Results From 2017 to 2021,903 water samples were detected in Urumqi,and the overall qualified rate was 79.97%. The qualified rates of factory water,tap water and secondary water supply were 81.33%,79.23% and 72.29% respectively,there was a statistically significant difference（χ²=6.311,P<0.05）. The overall qualified rate was 75.51% in dry season and 78.73% in wet season,and the difference was statistically significant（χ²=1.311,P>0.05）. The unqualified rate of microbial index,toxicological index,sensory index,general chemical index and disinfectant index for five consecutive years were 3.83%,0.56%,6.44% and 17.76% respectively,and the difference was statistically significant（χ²=224.996,P<0.05）. The main unqualified indexes for different types of water quality were free residual chlorine,turbidity,odor and taste,total number of colony and total coliform group,the unqualified rate of these indexes in factory water was respectively 16.22%,2.70%,0,0 and 0（χ²=27.903,P<0.05）,the unqualified rate in pipe network water was respectively 16.36%,2.22%,1.21%,1.83% and 1.62%（χ²=191.864,P<0.05）,the unqualified rate in secondary water supply was respectively 20.18%,3.31%,5.12%,2.51% and 0.94%（χ²=133.664,P<0.05）,and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion The sanitary quality of drinking water in Urumqi needs to be improved,and there is a hidden danger in secondary water supply,and disinfectant,sensory and general chemical index are the key indexes for drinking water monitoring.

Epidemiological investigation on norovirus outbreak in a university in Haidian District of Beijing

GUO Li, CAI Wei, LIANG Jin-bo, LIU Feng, SHI Feng-lin

2023, 39(9):  1237-1242. 

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Objective By investigating an outbreak of norovirus infection reported by a university in Haidian District of Beijing on December 27,2019,to analyze the risk factors,and provide reference basis for effective control of the epidemic. Methods The basic situation,suspected cases and canteen staff of a university where the epidemic occurred were investigated and analyzed in detail by using field epidemiological methods and descriptive analysis methods. At the same time,samples were collected for laboratory testing and statistical analysis. Results From December 23,2019 to 2020,January 9th,2020,the University reported 389 suspected cases of acute gastroenteritis,with a total incidence rate of 0.69%,distributed in 42 dormitory buildings. The difference in incidence between males and females was statistically significant（χ²=24.719,P<0.01）. There were 375 students and 14 teaching workers,and the difference in incidence between students and teaching workers was statistically significant（χ²=67.088, P<0.01）. A total of 1 173 samples of cases,close contacts and canteen staff were collected. 169 positive samples of norovirus GⅡwere detected,with a positive rate of 14.41%,and 6 positive samples of norovirus GⅠwere detected,with a positive rate of 0.51%. Of 233 environmental samples,six positive samples of norovirus GⅡwere detected,and the positive rate was 2.56%. The samples with norovirus GⅡwere typed,and all genotypes were GⅡ.2[P16]. Among 517 canteen employees,the difference in the positive detection was statistically significant between gender groups（χ²=5.628,P<0.05）. The epidemic situation was controlled in time through effective prevention and control measures such as isolation of canteen staff with cases and latent infection,temporary closure of canteens with serious pollution,strengthening the concentration and frequency of key environmental disinfection,carrying out personal protection knowledge training,and standardized treatment of excreta and vomit. Conclusions According to the field epidemiological investigation,clinical manifestations and laboratory test results,it is determined that the event is an outbreak of norovirus GⅡ.2[P16] caused by multi-channel transmission. It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and training of norovirus prevention and control among teachers and students,strengthen the health monitoring of key groups such as canteens,standardize disinfection,so as to eliminate and prevent the occurrence or spread of norovirus outbreak in colleges and universities.

Analysis on detection of common diseases among primary and secondary school students in Chuanshan District of Suining City from 2019-2021

HE Qiao, MU Zhi-yuan, LIU Yu-lin, TANG Zhi-bin, QIU Le-ping

2023, 39(9):  1243-1246. 

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Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of common diseases among primary and secondary school students in Chuanshan District of Suining City,so as to promote the prevention and treatment of common diseases among students. Methods In every year from 2019 to 2021,using the cluster sampling method,two ordinary primary schools were randomly selected in Chuanshan District of Suining City（one junior high school and one senior high school were added in 2021）,and the grade stratification was conducted to select at least two classes per grade,the height,body mass,blood pressure,vision,dental caries,abnormal spinal curvature of students were detected,and the data were analyzed. Results A total of 3 794 primary and secondary school students were examined in Chuanshan District of Suining City from 2019 to 2021. The top three detection rates were dental caries（62.2%）,myopia（45.7%） and high blood pressure（23.5%） respectively. The rate of caries and high blood pressure was the highest in primary school,reaching 65.1% and 26.0%. The rate of myopia was the highest in senior high school,reaching 90.3%. The myopia rate of girls was slightly higher than that of boys,and the high blood pressure rate of boys was slightly higher than that of girls. The detection rates of overweight,obesity and malnutrition was 10.8%,11.0% and 4.5%,respectively. The overweight and obesity rate of boys was higher than that of girls,the obesity rate of primary school was higher than that of middle and high schools,and the malnutrition rate was higher in middle and high schools. The detection rate of abnormal spinal curvature was 1.3%,of which 98% were scoliosis. The rates of dental caries,high blood pressure,overweight and obesity all declined in 2021 from the previous two years,while myopia rate increased in the next two years compared to 2019. all differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Conclusions The dental caries and myopia are the most common diseases among primary and middle school students in Chuanshan District of Suining City from 2019 to 2021,which are the focus of prevention and treatment. The high blood pressure,overweight,obesity and malnutrition cannot be ignored. The primary and secondary school students with different learning stages and gender have different manifestations of illness. In order to ensure the healthy growth of adolescents,targeted intervention measures should be taken to reduce the prevalence of the diseases.

Effect of psychological capital on self-supporting personality and subjective well-being of normal university students

GUO Zhi-hui, KOU Jing-yi

2023, 39(9):  1247-1251. 

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Objective To explore the relationship between self-supporting personality,psychological capital and subjective well-being of normal university students. Methods In November 2021,a random sampling method was adopted to randomly select 387 college students from a normal university in Baoji City,they were investigated by the adolescent student self-supporting personality inventory,positive psychological capital questionnaire,and subjective well-being scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The difference of in score of psychological capital was statistically significant among students of different professional types（t=0.18,P<0.05）. The subjective well-being was positively correlated with self-supporting personality and psychological capital（r=0.260, 0.442,both P<0.05）. The psychological capital was positively correlated with the dimensions of self-supporting personality（r=0.121-0.548,all P<0.05）,negatively correlated with personal flexibility（r=-0.13,P<0.05）. The subjective well-being was not significantly correlated with interpersonal initiative and interpersonal independence（both P>0.05）,negatively correlated with personal flexibility（r=-0.168,P<0.05）,positively correlated with other dimensions of personality traits（r=0.108-0.442,all P<0.05）. In the influence mechanism of self-supporting personality on subjective well-being of normal university students,the psychological capital played a completely mediating role,and the indirect effect accounts for 47.5%. The psychological capital played a complete mediating role in the relationship between interpersonal flexibility,personal responsibility,personal openness and subjective well-being,while psychological capital played a partial mediating role in the relationship between personal initiative and subjective well-being. Conclusions The self-supporting personality and psychological capital have positive predictive effects on subjective well-being of normal university students. The interpersonal flexibility,personal responsibility and personal openness of self-supporting personality have indirect effects on subjective well-being through psychological capital. The college should pay attention to the cultivation of self-supporting personality of normal university students and help them build positive psychological capital to improve their subjective well-being.

Influence of anxiety symptoms on attention bias of depressed college students to emotional faces

LI Xiao-le, YANG Zi-yin, WEN Yu-xuan, FAN Xi

2023, 39(9):  1252-1256. 

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Objective To understand the characteristics and cognitive mechanism of depressive college students' attention bias towards emotional faces in the presence or absence of anxiety symptoms. Methods A total of 78 undergraduate students who were enrolled from January to April in 2022 were divided into low anxiety-low depression group,low anxiety-high depression group and high anxiety-high depression group according to whether the depression and anxiety factors of symptom check list 90（SCL-90） were positive（factor score≥2）. The face pictures in the Chinese face emotional system were selected and paired into positive-neutral,negative-neutral and neutral-neutral picture pairs as stimulus materials.The point detection paradigm was used to compare the response time differences of each group students to the emotional face images. Results The average reaction time of all subjects when the positions of detection points were inconsistent with the emotional pictures was longer than that under the consistent condition（443.96 vs 437.48 ms）（P<0.05）. The bias index（BI）（21.39±35.06） in the high anxiety-high depression group was more than 0（t=3.11,P<0.01）,the orienting index（OI） was not significantly different from 0（P>0.05）,and the disengaging index（DI）（15.08±26.87） was more than 0（t=2.86,P<0.01）. The BI,OI and DI of positive and negative face images in the low anxiety-low depression group and the low anxiety-high depression group were not significantly different from 0（all P>0.05）. Conclusions Depressed college students with anxiety symptoms have attention bias to negative stimulation,which is manifested as difficulty in attentional relief rather than attentional directed acceleration. The depressed college students without anxiety symptom have not attentional bias to negative stimulation. There was no attentional bias to emotional facial stimulation among college students without anxiety and depression symptoms.

Bibliometric analysis of relevant research literature on dyadic coping in China based on CNKI

ZHAO Xi-lin, YAN Mei-qin

2023, 39(9):  1257-1262. 

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Objective By a bibliometric analysis of the relevant literature on dyadic coping in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）,to understand the research hotspots and status quo of this theory,explore its frontiers,in order to sort out the development of dyadic coping research field in China. Methods The retrieval was conducted based on the CNKI,and time limit was from establishment of database to May 15,2022. CiteSpace was used to conduct bibliometric analysis of search results. Results A total of 219 papers were included. Since 2018,the papers published has increased year by year,but the quality is not high and the number is insufficient. Neither core journal groups nor core author groups in this field have been formed. The research institutions and regions are not scattered. The "dyadic coping","spouse" and "influencing factors" are the hotspots in this research field. Conclusion The research on dyadic coping starts relatively late in China,and there are still many shortcomings and blanks while achieving certain results,but it has certain development prospects,Chinese researchers need to learn from foreign research experience to further increase the depth and breadth of research,to promote the faster and better development of dyadic coping research in China.

Meta-analysis of mental health status of front-line medical staff in the fight against the epidemic in China based on SCL-90

LIU Ting-ting, CHENG Sheng-juan, YANG Shu-yi

2023, 39(9):  1263-1267. 

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Objective To comprehensively evaluate the mental health status of front-line medical staff in China during the Coronavirus Disease 2019（COVID-19） pandemic,provide scientific basis for the mental health evaluation and intervention of front-line medical staff. Methods A cross-sectional study on measuring the mental health status of front-line medical staff in China with SCL-90 during the COVID-19 pandemic was collected by searching databases such as CNKI,WanFang and PubMed.The retrieval time limit is April 2022. Rev Man 5.4 software was used to sort out and analyze the the literature that conform to the inclusion criteria. Results A total of 20 cross-sectional studies were included,involving 3 046 medical workers. The meta-analysis results showed that the scores of somatization,anxiety and terror were significantly higher than the national adult norms,while the scores of interpersonal sensitivity were significantly lower than the norms（all P<0.05）. Among medical personnel of different genders,the scores of somatization,anxiety and compulsion in men were significantly lower than those in women（all P<0.05）. In different positions,the scores of somatization,compulsion and anxiety in doctors were lower than those in nurses（all P<0.05）. There were no statistically significant difference in the nine factors among medical staff with different marital status（all P>0.05）. Conclusion The mental health status of front-line medical staff is lower than that of adult norms,the practical measures should be taken to improve this situation,and health education and psychological counseling should be actively carried out to address the prominent psychological health problems of medical personnel.

Research status and trend analysis of Chinese medicine health literacy based on CiteSpace

LI Jing, ZHU Yao, FENG Mei-ling, WU Shao-feng, WANG Su-zhen

2023, 39(9):  1268-1273. 

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Objective To analyze the research status of Chinese medicine health literacy in China from 2009 to 2021,in order to discover the research hotspots of Chinese medicine health literacy in China,predict future research trends,and provide references for subsequent in-depth research. Methods The literature on health literacy of traditional Chinese medicine was searched in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI） database from 2009 to 2021,a total of 204 documents were retrieved,and 107 were valid documents after screening. CiteSpace V5.7.R2 software was used to conduct the visual analysis on the authors,institutions,published journals,and high-frequency key documents of the included documents. Results Since 2016,the annual publication volume of Chinese medicine health literacy research in China has shown an increasing trend. The most published journal is China Health Education. A research team centered on scholars such as TAN Wei,WANG Hui and GUO Ying from Beijing University of Chinese Medicine has been formed. The research hotspots in the past ten years can be summarized as the status quo of Chinese medicine health literacy and its influencing factors,and the popularization of Chinese medicine cultural knowledge. Conclusion In the future,attention should be paid to citizens' traditional Chinese medicine health culture needs,the action rate of traditional Chinese medicine health culture knowledge,the monitoring of traditional Chinese medicine health literacy of key groups,the improvement of citizens' traditional Chinese medicine health behaviors and the quality evaluation of questionnaires.

Overview

Research progress on nurses' workplace bullying

DUAN Hai-zhen, CAO Mei-juan, HUA Yun, BAO Bin, HE Xin

2023, 39(9):  1274-1277. 

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The workplace bullying is widespread in all industries,especially in the nursing field,and has a serious negative impact on the mental and physical aspects of the bullied. This paper reviews the conceptual connotation,theoretical mechanism,assessment tools and influencing factors of bullying in the workplace of nurses,and puts forward corresponding suggestions and countermeasures,so as to provide references for exploring effective intervention strategies,improving the current situation of poor development in nursing workplaces,and promoting the physical and mental health of nursing workers and the healthy and stable development of nursing career.

Research progress on 8-hydroxydeoxyguansine and health effects of people with occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs

LI Jia, MEI Xiao-hong, CHEN Chang-rui, SHANG Zhen-qiu, HUANG Xiao-hong

2023, 39(9):  1278-1282. 

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The 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine is the main product of DNA damage caused by oxidative stress,which reflects the degree of DNA oxidative damage to a certain extent. The generation and metabolic mechanism of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine is closely related to the occurrence of diseases and tumors. The antineoplastic drugs are toxic chemicals that can cause oxidative damage to DNA,and long-term occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs may lead to potential health damage. This article review the metabolic mechanism of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine,the internal relations to antineoplastic drugs,the the relationship with tumor and health effects of people with occupational exposure,in order to achieve early detection of health status of people with occupational exposure,provide early warning,and consolidate the development of cancer specialists.

Research progress on mechanism and intervention measures of sleep disorders in altitude workers

ZHANG Liang, CHEN Chen, LIU Hong-yao, JIN Yin-chuan, LI Feng-zhan, YANG Qun

2023, 39(9):  1283-1287. 

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Due to long-term exposure to extreme environments such as low-pressure hypoxia,strong radiation and large temperature difference,the impact on physiological rhythm,nervous system and cognitive function of altitude workers is far more than ordinary people. The sleep is an important form of human life-sustaining activities,and high altitude sleep disorder is one of the most common altitude sickness,and it is a key issue in altitude medical research. Although great progress has been made in the mechanism and intervention measures of sleep disorders at high altitude,there are still many problems that have not been solved. Therefore,this paper provides a basis for improving the sleep status of plateau operators and formulating scientific and effective sleep guarantee strategies through the impact of plateau environment on sleep,the mechanism of sleep disorders and relevant intervention measures.

Research progress on occupational hazards in gas stations and occupational health of workers

LIU Bao-feng, QIN Ru-nan, LIU Meng-meng, LI Xu-dong, FENG Lin-min, ZENG Qiang

2023, 39(9):  1288-1291. 

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With the rapid increase of motor vehicle ownership,as the main terminal of gasoline and diesel retail,gas stations show the characteristics of large number and wide distribution. The occupational population engaged in refueling operations is becoming larger and larger. Due to the existence of a variety of chemical toxic and harmful substances and other occupational disease hazards in the gas station workplace,the occupational health problems of gas station workers have been increasingly concerned. This paper reviews the research progress on the main occupational hazards in gas station workplaces,occupational health and protection measures of gas station workers in recent years,in order to provide reference basis for gas station occupational health management and occupational health protection of gas station workers in the future.

Research progress of management care perception in nurses

ZHOU Ting, SONG Kai-lan, ZHANG Di, LIU Guan-lin, KONG Ying, WANG Yan-hua

2023, 39(9):  1292-1296. 

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As the primary provider of health care,heavy workloads and long-term empathic fatigue can frustrate nurses and lead to job burnout,anxiety and inability to deliver the expected quality of care,further exacerbating excessive absenteeism and workforce instability. It is important to provide adequate management care in the form of caring for nurses' well-being,help them solve problems and show concern for their career plans,values and opinions,increase nurses' perception of management care,thereby reducing occupational stress and improving their happiness. However,most of the existing researches focus on the analysis of management care from the perspective of nurse managers,and less on the perception of nurse management care. The paper summarize the connotation,current situation,assessment tools and influencing factors of nurses' management care perception,so as to enhance the importance of nursing managers to nurses,strengthen the perception of nurses' management care,and reduce the job burnout and turnover tendency of nurses.