Table of Content

15 September 2025, Volume 41 Issue 18

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Treatise

Analysis on current situation of occupational hazards and prevention and control measures in a stainless steel kitchenware company in Shaanxi Province

WU Ruixian, WANG Tingjuan, SHI Hanwen, ZHANG Mingzhu, WANG Wei, WANG Zhenzhen

2025, 41(18):  2449-2453. 

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Objective To understand and evaluate the occupational hazard factors existing in stainless steel kitchenware companies,and thereby propose effective prevention and control measures to protect the occupational health of workers in such companies. Methods From November to December 2023,on-site detection of occupational hazard factors in the company was carried out,and the detection results were analyzed and evaluated. Results The main occupational hazard factors existing in the production process of a stainless steel kitchenware company in Shaanxi were other dusts,welding fumes,and noise. The concentration of other dusts in the grinding area was 3.6 mg/m³,and the welding fumes in the welding area was 2.6 mg/m³. The on-site noise measurement results in the cutting area,punching and shearing area,and grinding area were all greater than 85 dB（A）,belonging to noisy workplaces. The 8-hour equivalent sound levels of punching and shearing workers and grinding workers were all greater than 80 dB（A）,being noisy work positions. Conclusion The key control processes for occupational hazards in this stainless steel kitchenware company are raw material shearing,raw material welding,and product grinding,and the key control positions are punch and shear operators,electric welders,and grinders. Production enterprises should actively take effective measures to improve ventilation,dust removal,and noise control so as to ensure the occupational health of workers.

Correlation analysis of non-working time communication technology overload,work-family conflict and occupational burnout among operating room nurses

SHEN Yang, ZHANG Lu, GE Fei, GE Jinxing, LUO Shuyin, GAO Baoqin

2025, 41(18):  2454-2458. 

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Objective To investigate the status of non-working time communication technology overload,work-family conflict and occupational burnout of operating room nurses,analyze the correlation between non-working time communication technology overload,work-family conflict and occupational burnout,and to provide reference for reducing the job burnout of nurses in the operating room. Methods From May to June 2024,a total of 196 nurses from the operating room nurses of 12 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu Province were selected as the research subjects by random sampling method. The survey was conducted using the non-working time communication technology overload scale,work-family conflict scale,and occupational burnout scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of non-working time communication technology overload,work-family conflict and occupational burnout of operating room nurses were （21.34±3.52）,（60.31±12.39） and （63.56±10.28）points,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of non-working time communication technology overload,work-family conflict and occupational burnout among operating room nurses of different age,years of work experience,professional title,marital status,average monthly income and monthly night shift frequency（all P<0.05）. There was a positive correlation between non-working time communication technology overload,work-family conflict and occupational burnout of operating room nurses（r=0.624,0.558,both P<0.01）,and a positive correlation between non-working time communication technology overload and work-family conflict（r=0.619,P<0.01）. Work-family conflict played a partial mediating role between non-working time communication technology overload and occupational burnout of operating room nurses,with a mediating effect of 0.225,accounting for 38.53% of the total effect. Conclusions The work-family conflict of operating room nurses plays a partial mediating role between non-working time communication technology overload and occupational burnout. On the basis of reducing the level of non-working time communication technology overload,reducing the level of work-family conflict can help alleviate the positive impact of non-working time communication technology overload on occupational burnout.

Impact of instant messaging software use pressure and psychological capital on occupational burnout among gastroenterology nurses

SONG Ting, LUO Lan, LI Qin, ZHANG Bo, CHAI Xiaoyan, ZHANG Xin

2025, 41(18):  2459-2463. 

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Objective Investigate the effects of instant messaging software use pressnre and psychological capital on job burnout among nurses in the gastroenterology department,aiming to provide guidance to reduce their stress levels and enhance their psychological capital. Methods Nurses in the gastroenterology department of 8 general hospitals in Xi'an were selected as the research subjects by random sampling from January to May 2024. The instant messaging software use pressure scale,psychological capital scale and job burnout scale were used to evaluate the effects of instant messaging software use pressure and psychological capital on job burnout. The correlation between communication software use pressure,psychological capital and job burnout were analyzed. The mediating role of psychological capital in the relationship between instant messaging software use pressure and job burnout were analyzed by using a mediation effect test procedure. Results The scores of instant messaging software use pressure for nurses in the gastroenterology department were （25.18±4.28）points,the psychological capital scores were （90.84±15.76）points,and job burnout scores were （60.64±10.79）points. The instant messaging software use pressure of nurses in the gastroenterology department was positively correlated with job burnout（r=0.594,P<0.01）,while negatively correlated with psychological capital（r=-0.604,P<0.01）,and psychological capital was negatively correlated with job burnout（r=-0.612,P<0.01）. The influencing factors of instant messaging software use pressure for nurses in the gastroenterology department were gender,age,education level,professional title,years of workexperience,monthly income,and marital status（all P<0.05）,the influencing factors of psychological capital were age,professional title,years of workexperience,and monthly income（all P<0.05）,and the influencing factors of job burnout were age,professional title,years of workexperience,monthly income and marital status（all P<0.05）. Psychological capital partially mediatedthe relationship between instant messaging software use pressure and job burnout,with a mediating effect of 0.283,accounting for 40.14% of the total effect. Conclusion The pressure of instant messaging software use and job burnout levels of nurses in the gastroenterology department are relatively high,and psychological capital partially mediates between the pressure of instant messaging software use and job burnout. Reducing the pressure of instant messaging software use and improving the level of psychological capital are of great significance to reducing the level of job burnout.

Analysis of abnormal results of external radiation personal dose monitoring in medical institutions in Zhenjiang City from 2019 to 2023

HUANG Rui, WU Jiayan, XIE Shi

2025, 41(18):  2464-2468. 

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Objective To analyze the abnormal results of external radiation personal dose monitoring in medical institutions in Zhenjiang City from 2019 to 2023,to find out the problems existed in the process of personal dose monitoring,and to provide a basis for radiation protection management. Methods From 2019 to 2023,the thermoluminescence dosimetry system was used to monitor the individual dose of external radiation to radiation workers,and the "Survey Level Dose Verification Registration Form" was used to investigate the personnel with a single monitoring cycle result of ≥1.25 mSv,and the data were analyzed. Result From 2019 to 2023,a total of 21 753 individual doses were monitored,including 457 person doses≥1.25 mSv. The abnormal dose results were mainly distributed in 1.25-5 mSv,with all abnormal dose values ≤50 mSv,and the M（P₂₅,P₇₅） of the abnormal dose value was 1.87（1.48,2.99）mSv. The occupational category of the abnormal dose was mainly engaged in diagnostic radiology（74.0%）. There was the largest number of abnormal doses in tertiary hospitals,accounting for 51.4% of the total abnormal doses. The main reason for the abnormal personal dose monitoring results was that the personal dosimeter was kept in the radiation workplace,accounting for 49.2% of the total abnormal patients. Followed by the abnormal dose caused by wearing personal dosimeter outside the current cycle,accounting for 35.9% of the total abnormal patients. Conclusions From 2019 to 2023,the radiation workplaces of medical institutions in Zhenjiang are generally at a relatively safe level,but the frequency of abnormal doses is relatively high. In the next step,we should continue to strengthen the management of personal dose monitoring to ensure the health and safety of radiation workers.

Analysis of isolation,identification and MLST typing of Brucella in Tianjin from 2020 to 2022

ZHENG Baolu, LI Wen, ZHANG Wei, LYU Likun, SU Cheng, LI Xiaoyan

2025, 41(18):  2469-2473. 

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Objective To understand the molecular epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Tianjin and provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of brucellosis in Tianjin in the future. Methods Brucella samples from brucellosis patients in national brucellosis surveillance sentinel medical institutions in Tianjin from 2020 to 2022 were isolated and identified. BCSP31 polymerase chain reaction（BCSP31-PCR）,AMOS polymerase chain reaction（AMOS-PCR） and single factor serum agglutination test（A,M,R） were used to identify the species and biotype of the isolates. The isolates were sequenced and the data were analyzed by Multi-locus sequence typing（MLST）. The Brucella public data and the data of this experimental study were included in the analysis,and the phylogenetic tree was constructed with the Neighbor-joining clustering analysis using Mega XI software.Results Twelve brucellosis isolates were isolated from brucellosis patient samples collected from national brucellosis surveillance sentinel medical institutions in Tianjin from 2020 to 2022,of which one strain was brucellamelitensis biotype1,and the other 11 strains were brucellamelitensis biotype 3. The 12 strains of Brucella were all ST8,sharing ST8 with Shanghai,Fujian,Hebei,Shanxi and other provinces and cities,and were closely genetically related to ST39 from Guizhou Province,ST71 from Henan and Sichuan Province,ST101 from Sichuan Province and ST118 from Sichuan Province. Conclusion The main epidemic strain of Brucella in Tianjin is brucellamelitensis biotype 3,and the main genotype is ST8,which is consistent with the domestic dominant strain and the epidemic ST type. This is the first molecular typing study of Brucella isolated and identified from human sources in Tianjin,filling in the local data of Tianjin for the global MLST database,and better mastering the molecular epidemiology of Brucella in Tianjin.

Investigation of pathogenic bacteria contamination in food in Taiyuan City from 2016 to 2023

JIA Zhengsheng, WANG Jitao, GAO Ruihong, XU Yang, AN Teng, GUO Jian'e

2025, 41(18):  2474-2478. 

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Objective To understand the contamination status of pathogenic bacteria in various foods in Taiyuan City,provide data for food safety risk assessment in Taiyuan City and the country,and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases. Methods Totally 2 842 samples of 14 kinds of food from 10 counties（cities,districts） in Taiyuan City from 2016 to 2023 were randomly collected and tested. The pathogenic bacteria in these samples were isolated and identified in accordance with GB 4789.1-2016 National Food Safety Standard for Microbiological Examination of Foodstuffs and the Food Safety Risk Monitoring Manual. The serotyping of Salmonella was performed by slide agglutination method. Results A total of 60 pathogenic bacteria were detected,with a detection rate of 2.11%. There were 25 strains of Bacillus cereus,14 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus,15 strains of Salmonella,4 strains of Listeria monocytogenes,and 2 strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Among different food categories,19 strains of pathogenic bacteria were found in aquatic products,14 strains were found in catering food,12 strains were found in meat and meat products,and 11 strains were found in infant food. The aquatic products had the highest detection rate of pathogenic bacteria at 5.11%. In different stages,29 strains were found in farmers' market,10 strains in supermarket and 10 strains in take-out online stores. The count of pathogenic bacterial colonies showed that the Bacillus cereus count in one sample was 15 000 CFU/g,while the counts in the other nine samples ranged from 10 to 700 CFU/g. From the 15 strains of Salmonella isolated from food,a total of 11 serotypes were identified,with Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella London being the most common. Conclusion There is a certain degree of pathogenic bacteria contamination in the food sold in Taiyuan City.The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in agricultural markets, convenience stores, and online food delivery stores is relatively high. It is necessary to strengthen disinfection and cleaning work in key places, improve the hygiene awareness and operating standards of practitioners, then effectively ensure food safety

Analysis of fumonisin B pollution in corn and its products in Shaanxi Province from 2023 to 2024

DENG Tianhua, QIAO Haiou, HU Jiawei, WEI Jianjun, HAN Yifei, ZHANG Mulin

2025, 41(18):  2479-2483. 

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Objective To investigate the contamination of fumonisin B in corn and its products in Shaanxi Province. Methods From 2023 to 2024,232 samples of corn and its products were collected from 10 cities in Shaanxi Province. Isotope-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used to detect fumonisins（FBs）,including FB₁,FB₂,and FB₃. Results Totally 170 samples of corn and its products were found to contain fumonisin B,with a total detection rate of 73.3%. According to EU standards,a total of 62 samples of fumonisin B-ultrasound standard were collected,with a total exceedance rate of 26.7%. The detection rates of FB₁,FB₂,and FB₃ were 73.3%,56.0%,and 37.1%,respectively,with median values of 349,58,and 80 μg/kg,respectively. There were statistically significant differences between FB₁ and FB₂ in the four types of corn and their products（FB₁：H=138.132,FB₂：H=84.679,both P<0.05）,while there was no statistically significant difference in FB₃ among the four types of corn and their products（H=6.707,P>0.05）. There were statistically significant differences among FB₁,FB₂,and FB₃ in the northern Shaanxi and Guanzhong regions（all P<0.05）. Conclusions Four types of corn and its products in Shaanxi Province have been contaminated with varying degrees of fumonisin B,with FB₁ being the most severely contaminated. It is recommended that relevant departments strengthen supervision of high-risk foods and enhance supervision of heavily polluted areas.

Impact of occupational resilience on occupational compromise among nurses with master's degree in grade-A tertiary hospital in Hunan Province

DENG Suqiong, NIE Tingyao, ZHANG Ping, CHEN Qing

2025, 41(18):  2484-2488. 

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Objective To explore the impact of occupational resilience on occupational compromise among nurses with a master's degree in grade-A tertiary hospital in Hunan Province,provide reference for adopting targeted measures to alleviate the incidence of occupational compromise among nurses. Methods From April to June 2024,the general information questionnaire,occupational resilience scale,and occupational compromise scale were used to survey 300 nurses with a master's degree in eight grade-A tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province,and the data were analyzed. Results The occupational resilience score of nurses with a master's degree was （12.073±2.239）points,and the occupational compromise score was （43.263±9.254）points. The occupational resilience was negatively correlated with occupational compromise（r=-0.391--0.519,P<0.01）. The years of work experience,departmental work atmosphere,family support for work,and occupational resilience were influencing factors of occupational compromise among nurses with a master's degree（all P<0.05）,and the occupational resilience independently explained 17.1% of the variance in occupational compromise. Conclusions The occupational resilience score of nurses with a master's degree in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province is at a medium to lower level,and the occupational compromise is at a medium to upper level. The managers should pay attention to the occupational resilience of nurses with a master's degree and take relevant measures to improve occupational resilience,thereby reducing the incidence of occupational compromise.

Study on the correlation between social connection,perceived social support and work withdrawal behavior of surgical medical staff in tertiary general hospitals

TIAN Qiao, LIU Ying

2025, 41(18):  2489-2494. 

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Objective To investigate the status quo of perceptive social support,sense of social connection and work withdrawal behavior among cardiothoracic surgery medical staff,and to explore the pathways between the three,so as to lay a foundation for further reducing work withdrawal behavior and making medical staff actively participate in work. Methods From February to March 2024,a total of 340 medical staff from the cardiothoracic surgery department of 10 tertiary general hospitals in Sichuan Province were included in the study by cluster sampling. The subjects were investigated by using perceptive social support scale,social connection scale and work withdrawal behavior scale,and the mediating role of social connection was verified. Results The scores of social connection,perceived social support,and work withdrawal behavior of cardiothoracic surgery medical staff in Sichuan Province were （69.21±14.09）,（44.56±11.01） and （35.42±7.88）points,respectively. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in perceived social support scores among cardiothoracic surgeons with different ages,average monthly income and employment types（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in social connection scores among cardiothoracic surgeons with different ages,average monthly income and employment types（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in work withdrawal behavior scores among cardiothoracic surgeons with different genders,practice categories,monthly income and employment forms（all P<0.05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that social support was positively correlated with sense of social connection among surgical medical staff in Sichuan Province（r=0.510-0.748,all P<0.01）,and negatively correlated with work withdrawal behavior（r=-0.558--0.419,all P<0.01）. There was a negative correlation between social connection and work withdrawal behavior（r=-0.473--0.331,all P<0.01）. The sense of social connection played a partial mediating role in the perceived social support and work withdrawal behavior,with a mediation effect of 0.904,accounting for 18.7% of the total effect. Conclusions Cardiothoracic surgery medical staff's work withdrawal behavior is at an upper medium level,which needs to be further reduced. Social connection has a significant mediating effect between perceived social support and work withdrawal behavior of cardiothoracic surgery medical staff. Relevant managers should take active intervention measures to improve the perceived social support level of medical staff,in order to further enhance their sense of social connection and reduce the occurrence of work withdrawal behavior,so that they can engage in work with a more positive attitude.

Epidemiological characteristics and trend prediction of scarlet fever among children aged 0-<15 years old in Shapingba District of Chongqing from 2014 to 2023

YANG Changjuan, HU Qian, ZHANG Xie, WU Xinkai, XU Qian, YANG Lianjian

2025, 41(18):  2495-2499. 

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Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and changing trend of scarlet fever in Shapingba District of Chongqing,provide a basis for developing prevention and control measures. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic data of scarlet fever among children under 15 years old in Shapingba District of Chongqing City from 2014 to 2023. The seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model（SARIMA） was constructed for predicting the epidemic trend of scarlet fever. Results A total of 725 cases of scarlet fever in children under 15 years old were reported in Shapingba District of Chongqing City from 2014 to 2023,with the average annual incidence rate of 54.17/100 000,and the incidence rate in 2019 was the highest（119.79/100 000）. Since 2014,the incidence rate showed an upward trend（χ²_trend=43.448,P<0.01）. Odd years had higher incidence intensity than even years. The epidemic showed a bimodal distribution,which were April to July and October to January of the following year respectively. During the peak period,there were 620 cases,accounting for 85.38% of the total number of cases. The number of cases in the eastern urban area（389 cases,53.66%） was significantly higher than that in the western new urban area,with a statistically significant difference（χ²=4.053,P<0.01）. The incidence rate of boys（59.42/100 000） was higher than that of girls（48.74/100 000）,with a statistically significant difference（χ²=7.036,P<0.05）. The cases were mainly children aged 3-9 years old（627 cases,86.48%）. Most of cases were students and kindergarten children（683 cases,94.21%）. The model of SARIMA（2,1,3）（1,0,2）₁₂ was established. The coefficient of determination（R²）,the normalized Bayesian information criterion（BIC） and the root mean squared error（RMSE） were used to evaluate the goodness-of-fit of the fitted model. The R²,BIC and RMSE of predictive value was 0.791,1.731 and 1.634,showing good fit with the actual value. The prediction results showed that there would be two peaks of incidence from July 2024 to June 2025,with peaks of 13.44/100 000 and 13.90/100 000 respectively,which were higher than the same period level. Conclusion Since 2014,the scarlet fever epidemic shows a significant upward trend,with odd years being higher than even years. The students aged 3-9 years old（preschool children） are at high risk of scarlet fever,and the seasons of late spring and early summer and late autumn and early winter are the peak periods of the epidemic. The model predicts that the epidemic will increase in 2025. It is necessary to continue to strengthen the monitoring and prevention of scarlet fever based on the characteristics of the epidemic,and take targeted prevention and control measures.

Chain mediating role of depression/anxiety and work-family conflict in relationship between roduction stress and turnover intention among employees in an electronic manufacturing service industry in Weihai City

KONG Zhipeng, SONG Lili, GONG Dadong, WANG Yong, FENG Xianran

2025, 41(18):  2500-2505. 

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Objective To explore the relationship between production pressure and turnover intention among employees in the electronics manufacturing service industry,analyze the chain mediating role of depression/anxiety and work-family conflict underlying this relationship. Methods From June to August 2024,a questionnaire survey was conducted among all employees of an electronics manufacturing enterprise in Weihai City using a general information questionnaire,production pressure scale,depression and anxiety scale,work-family conflict scale,and turnover intention scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The total average score of production pressure,work-family conflict and turnover intention among employees in the electronics manufacturing service industry was（3.241±0.499）,（3.328±0.884） and（2.290±1.047）points,respectively. The employees with normal,mild,moderate,and severe depression/anxiety scores accounted for 58.39%,28.97%,9.20% and 3.45%,respectively. The employees' production pressure was significantly positively correlated with work-family conflict and turnover intention（all P<0.05）,the production pressure was marginally positively correlated with depression/anxiety（P<0.1）,the depression/anxiety was significantly positively correlated with work-family conflict and turnover intention（all P<0.05）,and the work-family conflict was significantly positively correlated with turnover intention（P<0.05）. The mediation model test demonstrated that independent mediating effect and the chain mediating effect of depression/anxiety and work-family conflict on the relationship between production pressure and turnover intention were significant,and the relative mediating effects accounted for 54.29%,35.71% and 10.00%,respectively. Conclusion The high production pressure faced by employees in the electronics manufacturing service industry in Weihai City can bring them depress/anxiety and work-family conflict,thus leading to turnover intention. The enterprise managers should arrange production plans reasonably,fully consider employees' occupational health and work family harmony issues,and effectively reduce employees' turnover intention.

Analysis on multiple mediation effect of work meaningfulness and proactive career behavior on relationship between future work self salience and job involvement among clinical nurses

AN Shasha, LI Shanhong, ZHENG Jun

2025, 41(18):  2506-2511. 

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Objective To investigate the current status of future work self salience,work meaningfulness,proactive career behavior,and job involvement among clinical nurses in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Beijing,explore the multiple mediating roles of work meaningfulness and proactive career behavior on the relationship between future job self clarity and job involvement. Methods From March to May 2024,a convenience sampling were used to select 324 clinical nurses from a grade-A tertiary hospital in Beijing. The investigation was performed by the general information questionnaire,future work self salience scale,work as meaning inventory,proactive career behavior scale and job involvement questionnaire,and the intermediary model was constructed and validated. Results The scores of future work self salience,work meaningfulness,proactive career behavior and job involvement among 324 clinical nurses were （20.76±4.38）,（37.39±5.78）,（47.66±8.70） and （37.83±6.30）points,respectively. The future work self salience,work meaningfulness,and proactive career behavior were all positively correlated with job involvement（r=0.527, 0.435,0.485,all P<0.01）. The work meaningfulness and proactive career behavior had a multiple mediation effect on the relationship between future work self salience and job involvement,accounting for 29.6% of the total effect. Specifically,the work meaningfulness partially mediated the relationship between future work self salience and job involvement among clinical nurses,contributing 13.1% of the total effect. The proactive career behavior also partially mediated this relationship,contributing 9.3% of the total effect. Additionally,the work meaningfulness and proactive career behavior together formed a chain mediation effect,accounting for 7.2% of total effect. Conclusions The level of work involvement among clinical nurses in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Beijing is relatively high,and work meaning and proactive career behavior have a multiple mediation effect between future work self salience and work involvement. The nursing managers can enhance nurses' future work self salience and work meaning to promote proactive career behavior and increase work involvement.

Analysis on impact of inclusion of varicella vaccine in immunization program on epidemic characteristics of varicella in Zhonglou District of Changzhou City

LIU Xiaodan, ZHOU Wei, XU Chuang

2025, 41(18):  2512-2516. 

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Objective To analyze the changes in varicella epidemiological characteristics in Zhonglou District of Changzhou City before and after the varicella vaccine（VarV） included in the immunization program,provide a basis for the adjustment of the immunization strategy and the prevention and control of the epidemic. Methods The reported varicella epidemic data of Zhonglou District of Changzhou City from 2017 to 2023 were collected through the China disease control and prevention information system,and the varicella epidemic data were analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods. Results The average annual reported incidence rate of varicella in Zhonglou District of Changzhou City was 187.72/100 000 before VarV was included in the immunization program（2017-2019）,and the average annual reported incidence rate decreased to 97.92/100 000 after immunization program（2020-2023）. The number of varicella public health emergencies decreased from 11 to 7. The incidence time was a "bimodal" distribution,with October to January of the following year as the main peak and May to July as the second peak. The epidemic areas were mainly Yonghong Street,Five-star Street,Beigang Street,Zouqu Town. The proportion of students,preschool children and scattered children in the total cases decreased from 81.14% to 75.73%. The largest decreases in the proportion of each age group were 0-<5 and 5-<10 year-old age groups. From 2017 to 2023,VarV dose 1 and VarV dose 2 vaccination rates were negatively associated with varicella incidence in children aged 0-6 years old（r=-0.893,-0.607,both P<0.05）. Conclusion The inclusion of VarV in the immunization program helps to increase the varicella vaccination rate of school-age children and reduce the incidence of varicella in Zhonglou District of Changzhou City,and it is recommended to expand the age group of free VarV vaccination to reduce the level of varicella incidence more effectively.

Retrospective investigation on immune characteristics of pertussis cases in Mianyang City from 2005 to 2023

FAN Ya, HE Xue, ZHANG Xun, HE Qiwen, ZUO Ling

2025, 41(18):  2517-2522. 

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Objective To analyze the causes of abnormal fluctuations in the incidence of pertussis in Mianyang City,and to explore the immune persistence of pertussis-containing vaccines in the real world. Methods The clinical diagnosis and confirmed cases of pertussis reported from 2005 to 2023 were collected through the information system of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention,and the data were analyzed. Results The average annual reported incidence of pertussis in Mianyang City from 2005 to 2023 was 1.0205/100 000,and the reported incidence was on the rise（ χ²=5 841.464,P<0.01）. The average annual reported incidence of pertussis in the population born from 2000 to 2023 was 99.542 9/100 000,and the reported incidence was on the rise（ χ²=1 113.018,P<0.01）. From 2005 to 2023,the proportion of pertussis cases in the 0-<6 age group in Mianyang City was 63.93%,of which 41.12% were in the 0-<1 year old group. Cases during the diphtheria and tetanus toxoid with acellular pertussis combined vaccine（DTaP） period（born from 2009 to 2023） accounted for 95.37% of all reported cases. The cases without immunization history accounted for 18.51%. Among the cases aged 3-<18 months,71.37% did not complete the corresponding 1-3 doses of immunization program in time. Among the cases aged ≥18 months,93.14% completed the 4 doses of full immunization. The proportion of incidence within 1 month after the completion of 1-3 doses of pertussis-containing vaccine immunization was 61.54%,41.67% and 3.57%,respectively. The proportion of incidence within 5 years after immunization of 4 doses of diphtheria,tetanus and pertussis combined vaccine（DTP）,diphtheria,Tetanus,Acellular Pertussis and Haemophilus Influenzae Type b Combined Vaccine（DTaP -Hib） and diphtheria,tetanus,pertussis（acellular,component）,poliomyelitis（inactivated） vaccine and Haemophilus type b conjugate vaccine,adsorbed,DTaP-IPV-Hib]DTaP-IPV-Hib were 67.19%,97.01% and 84.62%,respectively. Conclusion The abnormal fluctuation of pertussis incidence in Mianyang City from 2005 to 2023 has been affected by many factors,such as the failure of the appropriate age group to complete timely vaccination with pertussis-containing vaccines,the conversion of diphtheria and tetanus toxoid with whole cell pertussis combined vaccine（DTwP） to DTaP,the promotion of polymerase chain reaction detection technology,and the strengthening of doctors' diagnostic awareness. The immune persistence induced by 4 doses of pertussis-containing vaccine was not long. It is recommended to carry out active surveillance of pertussis nationwide,complete the whole course of DTP vaccination for school-age children as soon as possible according to the recommendations of WHO,and optimize the immunization strategy of pertussis vaccine for the whole population.

Analysis on current situation and influencing factors of recessive absenteeism of nurses in operating room in Guangdong Province

LIU Lili, LIU Zirong, CHEN Linxia, LI Manyu, FANG Huimin, YU Lihua

2025, 41(18):  2523-2527. 

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Objective To understand the current situation of hidden absenteeism among operating room nurses and analyze its influencing factors,in order to provide reference for further reducing the situation of hidden absenteeism among operating room nurses. Methods A convenience sampling method was employed to administer questionnaires comprising the work-family conflict scale,the overqualification scale,and the invisible absence scale to 311 operating theatre nurses from five grade-A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province from May to June 2024,and the data were analyzed. Results A total of 308 valid questionnaires were collected. The scores of overqualification,work-family conflict,recessive absenteeism of nurses in operating room were （25.78±9.00）,（46.66±15.27） and（17.87±6.23）points,respectively. The high incidence of hidden absenteeism was 61.69%. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that monthly income,overqualification,and work-family conflict were the main influencing factors of hidden absenteeism among operating room nurses（all P<0.05）. Conclusions The hidden absenteeism of operating room nurses is at a moderate to high level and is affected by overqualification and work-family conflicts. It is recommended to adopt effective human resource management strategies,such as providing career development opportunities and promoting work family balance,to reduce the occurrence of hidden absenteeism.

Research on the correlation between organizational culture,transformational leadership style and health productivity impairment of medical staff in cardiology department of tertiary public hospitals in Sichuan Province

WU Dandan, LIN Li, WANG Dongmei

2025, 41(18):  2528-2533. 

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Objective To investigate the current situation and correlation between organizational culture,transformational leadership style and health productivity impairment of cardiology medical staff in tertiary general hospitals in Sichuan Province,and to explore the impact of organizational culture and transformational leadership style on their health productivity impairment. Methods In May 2024,a cross-sectional study was conducted to select 275 medical staff in cardiology department from 12 tertiary general hospitals in Sichuan Province as the survey subjects. The organizational culture scale,the transformational leadership style scale and the health productivity impairment scale were used for investigation,and the data were analyzed. Results The score of organizational culture of 275 medical staff in cardiology department was （85.04±11.13）points,the score of transformational leadership style was （59.31±9.13）points,the score of health productivity impairment was （16.89±5.55）points.Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the scores of impaired health productivity of medical staff in cardiology department with different gender,age,job category,education level,professional title,establishment or not,night shift,health status,sleep quality and willingness to work with disease（all P<0.05）.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the score of health productivity impairment of medical staff in tertiary comprehensive cardiology department were negatively correlated with organizational culture（r=-0.265--0.687,all P<0.05）,and negatively correlated with the score of transformational leadership（r=-0.214--0.671,all P<0.05）.Multivariate hierarchical regression analysis showed that night shift,health status,sleep quality,organizational culture and transformational leadership style were the main influencing factors of health productivity impairment of medical staff in cardiology department of tertiary general hospital. Among them,organizational culture and transformational leadership style had significant predictive effect on health productivity impairment（β=-0.232,-0.296,both P<0.05）,which independently explained 11.5% of the influencing factors of health productivity impairment. Conclusion The health productivity of medical staff in cardiology department of tertiary hospitals is at a medium level. Organizational culture and transformational leadership style are significantly related to the health productivity impairment,which are important protection resources. Managers should pay attention to the health productivity impairment status of medical staff,create a positive workplace spiritual and cultural atmosphere,and advocate transformational leadership style,so as to reduce the health productivity impairment of medical staff.

Correlation study between mental climate,work motivation and job performance of clinical nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province

JIANG Ying, ZHAO Yajun, YANG Juan, HUANG Chunhua, GAN Haoyue, WU Yuanchen

2025, 41(18):  2534-2539. 

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Objective To investigate the current situation of mental climate,work motivation and work performance of clinical nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals,and to explore the influence of mental climate and work motivation on the work performance of clinical nurses. Methods From February to March 2024,1 476 clinical nurses from 12 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province were selected as the research objects by convenient sampling method. The spiritual climate scale,the work motivation scale and the job performance scale were used for investigation,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores for mental climate,work motivation and job performance of clinical nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals were （16.22±2.60）,（30.60±5.31） and（41.42±5.81）points,respectively. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the job performance scores of clinical nurses with different genders,marital and reproductive status,highest academic qualifications,departments,professional titles,employment methods,working years,night shiftsrotation,self-rated health status,and self-rated sleep quality（all P<0.05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the mental climate of clinical nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals was positively correlated with job performance scores（r=0.403-0.482,all P<0.05 ）. There was a positive correlationship between work motivation and job performance score（r=0.368-0.532,all P<0.05）. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that after controlling general demographic data,internal and external work motivation and mental climate still had a significant predictive effect on job performance（β=0.302,0.090,0.211,all P<0.05 ）,which independently explained 33.3% of the influencing factors of job performance. Conclusion The job performance of clinical nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals is at a high level,and mental climate and work motivation are important protective factors. Managers should pay attention to the job performance of nurses,enhance their work motivation,and create a good spiritual and cultural atmosphere,so as to improve the work behavior and results of clinical nurses and ensure the safety of patients.

Monitoring and analysis of adverse events following immunization in Shiyan City from 2020 to 2022

FU Lei, WANG Yaocheng, MEI Yong, LI Yanli

2025, 41(18):  2540-2545. 

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Objective To analyze the characteristics of adverse events following immunization（AEFI） in Shiyan City and evaluate the safety of immunization. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to statistically analyze the AEFI monitoring report data and related vaccination data in Shiyan from 2020 to 2022. Results From 2020 to 2022,a total of 748 cases of AEFI were reported in Shiyan City,with an average annual reporting rate of 18.08/100 000 doses. Among reports,there were 710 common vaccine reactions（94.92%,17.17/100 000 doses） and 35 rare vaccine reactions（4.68%,0.85/100 000 doses）. The male to female ratio was 1.23∶1,and the most reports were in the 0-<3 years old group（591 cases,79.01%）. From June to September,there was an increase of report（361 cases,48.27%）. The reported incidence rates in various counties（cities,districts） ranged from 10.36/100 000 doses to 29.46/100 000 doses（χ²=71.198,P<0.01）. The rotavirus vaccine AEFI reporting rate was the highest（164.47/100 000 doses）. The abnormal reactions were mainly manifested as allergic rashes（0.65/100 000 doses）.The timely reporting rate and timely investigation rate of AEFI were 96.79% and 92.86%,respectively,and the coverage rate of reporting counties in each year was 100%. Conclusion The sensitivity of AEFI monitoring in Shiyan from 2020 to 2022 shows a downward trend,and individual areas need to strengthen monitoring. All vaccines are safe,and vaccination safety is standardized.

Compilation and validity test of health information literacy scale of military training injuries of grassroots officers and soldiers

HUI Yanhong, YANG Juan, LIU Xiaoyan, WU Yu, ZONG Jing

2025, 41(18):  2546-2552. 

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Objective To compile the health information literacy scale of military training injuries for grassroots officers and soldiers,test its reliability and validity. Methods Based on the knowledge-attitude-practice model and the framework of health information theory,the entry pool was formed through literature analysis,qualitative research and theoretical analysis from May to December 2023,and the pre-test scale was formed through two rounds of Delphi expert letter inquiry and small sample testing. Using the convenience sampling method,476 grassroots officers and soldiers of an unit were selected from January to May 2024,to test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. Results The final constructed formal scale covered six dimensions with 30 entries,the exploratory factor analysis extracted six common factors,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 75.888%. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the structure of the scale factors was stable. The total table Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.954,the half reliability was 0.918,and the retest reliability was 0.928. The total scale content validity index was 0.985,and the content validity of each entry was 0.889-1.000. Conclusion The health information literacy scale of military training injuries of grassroots officers and soldiers has good reliability and validity,which has guiding significance for the health education of military training injuries,and is worth popularizing and applying.

Survey on the environmental and health literacy of residents aged 50-69 in a rural suburb of Shanghai in 2023

ZHANG Jingwei, HAN Fengchan, CHEN Yifang, XU Mingjia, LI Wei

2025, 41(18):  2553-2556. 

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Objective To understand the environmental health literacy level and influencing factors of residents aged 50-69 in a rural suburb of Shanghai,and provide reference for improving the environmental health literacy of this group. Methods In 2023,a multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to conduct an environmental health literacy survey on 298 permanent rural residents aged 50-69,and the data were analyzed. Results The average score of environmental health literacy among 298 survey subjects was（51.16±18.95）points. There were statistically significant differences in environmental health literacy scores among individuals with different education level,occupation,and per capita disposable income in the family（all P<0.01） .The highest scores within each group were high school and above education level group[（59.01±16.33）points],urban workers[（55.08±18.04） points],and 5 500-<13 000 yuan income group[（57.25±17.08）points]. The overall level of environmental health literacy was 19.13%,with basic concept,basic knowledge and basic skill literacy level of 19.13%,20.81% and 23.83%,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the overall literacy and three categories of literacy levels among residents with different levels of education（all P<0.01）,and the overall level increased with the increase of education level. Compared with primary school and below education level,middle school and above education level was a promoting factor for the improvement of literacy level（OR_{Middle school}=3.954,95%CI：1.062-14.718,OR_{High school and above}=7.759,95%CI：2.030-29.649）. Conclusion In 2023,the environmental health literacy level of 298 rural residents aged 50-69 in a suburban area of Shanghai was 19.13%,with education level being the influencing factor. It is recommended to continuously strengthen the improvement of environmental health literacy among residents in this category.

Visual analysis of human papilloma virus vaccine health transmission in China and abroad based on CiteSpace

DU Miao, ZHOU Yuan, HAN Longzhe, JIN Lihua

2025, 41(18):  2557-2563. 

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Objective To analyze the human papilloma virus（HPV） vaccine health transmission in China and abroad in the past decade,explore the research hotspots and development trends of HPV vaccine health transmission,and provide reference for future research. Methods Chinese and English articles related to HPV vaccine health communication included in China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI） and Web of Science（WoS） core set databases from 2014 to 2023 were searched,and CiteSpace software was used to analyze keywords,authors and publishing institutions and draw knowledge maps. Results A total of 811 articles were included in the analysis,and the number of HPV vaccine health communication literature was generally on the rise. The most frequent keywords in Chinese and English articles were cognitive level（61 times） and Adolescent（171 times）,respectively,and these researches focus on HPV vaccine coverage,public awareness and attitudes towards HPV vaccine,and interventions based on digital technology. The provider recommendation behavior,vaccine hesitancy and misinformation were emerging persistent keywords until 2023. The cooperation between domestic and foreign research authors and institutions was relatively loose. Both domestic and international research fields were mainly focused on the field of oncology medicine. The main populations of foreign studies were adolescents,parents of adolescents,and females,while the main populations of domestic studies are college students. Conclusion The number of research articles on HPV vaccine health transmission in China and abroad has increased year by year,which has attracted the attention of domestic and foreign scholars. The research frontiers are the improvement of provider recommendation behavior,the elimination of vaccine hesitation,and the public's recognition of misinformation. Although domestic and international studies show some differences in the objects and methods of health transmission,it is still a common concern that how to improve the public's cognition and attitude toward HPV vaccine based on digital technology intervention strategies,and to improve the vaccine coverage rate subsequently.

Risk prediction models for acute mountain sickness：a systematic review

SHANG Yijing, YANG Xiaoguang, LU Qiang, PEI Jiaxing, ZHOU Pengfei, LI Yunming

2025, 41(18):  2564-2570. 

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Objective To systematically evaluate the risk prediction model of acute altitude sickness,understand the bias risk of and application scope of the model. Methods The CNKI,VIP,WanFang,Web of Science,Ovid MEDLINE,PubMed,and Embase databases were electronically searched to collect studies related to the risk prediction model of acute mountain sickness,and the time frame of the search was from the establishment of the database to March 2024. Two researchers independently screened literature and extracted data,and the risk of bias assessment tool for prediction models（ PROBAST） was used to evaluate the risk of bias and applicability of the models. Results A total of 20 papers were included,including 27 prediction models for acute altitude illness. The AUCs of the predictive models included in the studies were 0.593-0.986,the sample sizes of the studies were 32-4 369 cases,and the number of predictors was 1-22.61.9% of the studies were modeled only without internal validation,and 90.5% of the studies were not externally validated. The reported model sensitivity ranged from 0.611 to 0.998. Conclusion The overall predictive performance of the acute altitude sickness risk prediction model is poor,and all included studies have a high risk of bias,and half of the studies have a high risk of applicability.

Investigation and Research

Analysis of current status of alternaria toxins content in some grains sold in Shenzhen in 2023

ZHU Bo, NI Yiping, YE Xiaoli, WANG Li, LYU Yingjian, LAI Jingqi

2025, 41(18):  2571-2573. 

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Objective To understand the content level of alternaria toxins in some grains sold in Shenzhen, and provide basic datas for long-term and effective risk monitoring. Methods Some grain samples sold in Shenzhen in 2023 were purified by solid phaseextraction column,determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,and quantitatively detected by internal standard method.The content levels of alternaria toxins in different samples were analyzed statistically. Results In flour and flour products and corn-based products in Shenzhen in 2023, the detection ranges of tenuazonic acid（TeA） were 1.18-45.50 and 0.25-40.10 μg/kg respectively, with detection rates of 100.00% and 93.33% respectively. The detection ranges of tentoxin（TEN） were 0.05-5.88 and 0.05-1.30 μg/kg respectively, with detection rates of 90.00% and 50.00% respectively. The detection ranges of alternariol monomethylether（AME） were 0.03-1.33 and 0.03-6.75 μg/kg respectively,with detection rates of 88.33% and 93.33% respectively. The detection range of alternariol（AOH） in corn products was 0.50-2.11 μg/kg,with a detection rate of 26.67%. Conclusion The detection rate of alternariatoxins in some grains sold in Shenzhen in 2023 was high. However, the content levels were at lower levels compared to published literatures.

Overview

Research progress on the current situation and influencing factors of nurses' professional well-being

YANG Qingqing, LIN Huihui, WANG Sheng

2025, 41(18):  2574-2578. 

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The World Health Organisation estimates that there will be a projected global shortage of 4.5 million nursing workers by 2030. How to improve nurses' occupational well-being,reduce turnover rate and stabilize the nursing workforce has become the focus of research for hospitals and nursing managers. The research on occupational well-being in China started late,and the research groups are mainly teachers and college students,with less attention to the special occupational group of nurses. This paper provides a review of the concept,assessment tools,influencing factors and interventions of nurses' occupational well-being,in order to provide reference for nursing managers to enhance nurses' occupational well-being and promote the development of nursing career.

Research progress on aging anxiety among middle-aged and older adults

DENG Tingting, LI Jingming, HE Jiaofeng, ZOU Chan, PI Haiyan, PAN Xiaoyan

2025, 41(18):  2579-2583. 

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As their body functions age,middle-aged and elderly people may face problems such as the decline of body organ functions and chronic diseases,and at the same time,they are also prone to anxiety problems.Aging anxiety is an important obstacle for middle-aged and elderly people to adapt to aging and healthy aging. This article reviews the relevant theories,current status,assessment tools,influencing factors and intervention measures of aging anxiety in middle-aged and elderly people,in order to provide theoretical basis for reducing aging anxiety in middle-aged and elderly people and optimizing psychological services.

Research progress on fall alertness in older adults

WANG Yongqin, YAO Jie

2025, 41(18):  2584-2587. 

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With the increase of age,the probability of falls in the elderly increases,as serious injuries caused by falls can increase the risk of patient death. It is necessary to take effective measures to prevent falls in the elderly. This paper reviews the assessment tools of the elderly's fall awareness,the factors affecting the elderly's fall awareness,and how to intervene in the elderly's fall awareness,aiming to provide a reference for medical staff to assess the fall awareness of the elderly,take targeted measures to prevent falls,promote the self-perception of the elderly's fall awareness,and improve the awareness of the elderly to prevent falls.

Research progress on measurement tools and influencing factors of health-promoting behavior of the elderly at home and abroad

BAO Jianyi, LI Shasha, LIAO Shufang, XI Yingxue, LI Yue, GUO Guojing

2025, 41(18):  2588-2592. 

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Health-promoting behavior is a crucial factor for older adults in maintaining their health and well-being,and is an important strategy for achieving healthy aging. This article elaborates on the measurement tools and influencing factors of health-promotion behavior among the elderly both domestically and internationally,aiming to provide theoretical references for constructing a theoretical system of health promotion behavior patterns and formulating practical interventions in China.