Table of Content

15 October 2025, Volume 41 Issue 20

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Treatise

Analysis on incidence patterns and influencing factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in open-pit coal miners

QU Chao, Dilinaer Aikebaier, Zulipikaer Tudi, Xieerwaniguli Abulimiti, MA Xiangyu, LI Fuye

2025, 41(20):  2737-2744. 

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Objective To understand the incidence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WRMSDs) among open-pit coal miners in Xinjiang,identify the incidence pattern of WRMSDs in this group through latent class analysis(LCA),and explore the relationship between related influencing factors and the incidence pattern of WRMSDs. Methods From January to October 2023,a cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of 3 590 employees in 5 large open-pit coal mining enterprises in Xinjiang,and the data were analyzed. Results The annual symptom incidence of WRMSDs among open-pit coal miners in Xinjiang was 1 469,with an incidence rate of 40.9%. The top three body parts with the highest incidence rates were the waist (940,26.2%),the neck(916,25.5%) and the shoulder(782,21.8%),the hip and buttocks(249,6.9%) with the lowest incidence rate.The optimal model for the incidence patterns of WRMSDs among open-pit coal miners in Xinjiang was a five-category model,which included the following groups respectively：the shoulder-neck-waist pain group(418,11.64%),only waist pain group (164,4.57%),the pain in all body parts group(157,4.37%),the upper body pain group(284,7.91%),and the mild pain group(2 567,71.5%). After occupational factors were incorporated into the model,it was found that the conditional probability of "having sufficient rest time" was relatively low in all categories(all ρ<0.500),and the situation of "working in a cold environment" was commonly seen in all categories(ρ>0.700). The conditional probabilities of the 9 occupational risk factors were relatively high in both the pain in all body parts group and the upper body pain group(all ρ>0.500).After grouping by cumulative fatigue,except that the non-cumulative fatigue group was divided into four categories,the mild,moderate and severe cumulative fatigue groups were each divided into three categories. The upper body pain group existed in all four groups,and its category probabilities were 4.28%,30.21%,37.10% and 36.74%,respectively.After incorporating sleep quality as a covariate into the analysis,except that there was no significant difference between the "pain in all body parts group" and the "upper body pain group" in the mild cumulative fatigue group,all other classification differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01). Conclusion The incidence rate of WRMSDs among open-pit coal miners is relatively high,and it often occurs in the waist,neck and shoulder areas. Exposure to different occupational factors can lead workers to fall into different pain classifications. As the level of cumulative fatigue increases,the probability of open-pit coal miners experiencing upper body pain becomes greater. Sleep quality is related to the classification of the incidence patterns of WRMSDs,and good sleep quality may reduce the risk of workers having the pain pattern in multiple body parts.

Mediating effect of nurses' professional identity on emotional intelligence and occupational burnout

WANG Qian, CHEN Chunyan, XUE Xiaoyan, ZHANG Dongmei, CHEN Shuo, GENG Guiling

2025, 41(20):  2745-2749. 

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Objective To explore the mediating effect of nurses' professional identity between nurses' emotional intelligence and occupational burnout,providing reference for nursing managers to develop scientific intervention measures. Methods Convenience sampling was used to select clinical nurses from a tertiary general hospital in Nanjing as the research subjects from June and July 2024. General information questionnaire,emotional intelligence scale,professional identity scale,and occupational burnout scale were used for investigation. Structural equation modeling was employed to test the mediating role of professional identity between emotional intelligence and burnout. Results A total of 510 nurses were surveyed. The scores for nurses' emotional intelligence,professional identity,and occupational burnout were (84.61±18.12),(109.52±22.94) and (66.90±23.16)points,respectively.The total score of emotional intelligence was negatively correlated with occupational burnout(r=-0.675,P<0.01),and positively correlated with professional identity(r=0.778,P<0.01). Professional identity was negatively correlated with occupational burnout(r=-0.700,P<0.01). Nurses' professional identity partially mediated the relationship between emotional intelligence and occupational burnout,with a mediation effect of -0.409,accounting for 57.61% of the total effect. Conclusion Nurses' emotional intelligence can not only directly affect occupational burnout,but also indirectly affect it through the mediating effect of professional identity. It's recommended that nursing managers pay more attention to the professional burnout of clinical nurses,develop effective support policies,and provide corresponding emotional support.

Association analysis between occupational stress and work-related musculoskeletal disorders among medical staff in Hainan Province

LI Bin, WANG Chuanjian

2025, 41(20):  2750-2754. 

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Objective To investigate the effects of occupational stress on work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) among medical staff in Hainan Province. Methods From June to December 2023,a multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate occupational stress and factors related to WMSDs among 1 663 medical staff engaged in diagnosis,treatment,and nursing care in 23 medical institutions in Hainan Province,and the data were analyzed. Results The detection rate of occupational stress among medical staff was 30.6%,and the prevalence of WMSDs in the past 1 year was 81.7%. The prevalence of WMSDs in all parts of the body was 64.5% in the neck,60.2% in the shoulder,and 59.2% in the back in descending order,and the prevalence of WMSDs in all parts of the body in the occupational stress group was higher than that of the non-occupational stress group(all P<0.01). The prevalence of multi-site WMSDs was 31.9% for ≥6 sites,11.7% for 1 site,and 10.5% for 4 sites in descending order,and the prevalence rates of WMSDs and ≥6-site WMSDs in the occupational stress group were higher than those in the non-occupational stress group(all P<0.01). The prevalence of WMSDs was higher in the occupational stress group with an OR of 1.448(95% CI：1.079-1.944) after excluding the effects of confounding factors,such as age and average monthly income,using the non-occupational stress group as a reference. Conclusion The prevalence of WMSDs among medical personnel in Hainan Province is high,and the favorable sites are mainly in the neck,shoulder,and back,and occupational stress can increase the risk of WMSDs among medical personnel,and future interventions can be carried out in terms of alleviating the occupational stress of medical personnel and decreasing the time of working in a poor posture in order to prevent the occurrence of WMSDs and improve the health of medical personnel.

Determination of bismuth telluride in workplace environment by flame atomic absorption spectrometry

QU Eryue, GUO Qiang, PENG Jinhong, LIANG Geqing, TIAN Haixia, JIA Yu

2025, 41(20):  2755-2759. 

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Objective To establish a method for determining bismuth telluride in workplace environment by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Methods Microporous membrane samples were prepared using bismuth telluride standard material and measured by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy at a wavelength of 223.06 nm using an external standard method. Results There was a good linear relationship within the range of 0-20 μg/mL,with a correlation coefficient(r) of 0.999 5. The detection limit of the method was 0.03 μg/mL. Based on the collection of 75 L of air samples,the lowest detectable concentration was 0.008 mg/m³,and the recovery rate was between 95.9% and 104.8%,with a relative standard deviation of <5%. Conclusion This method uses low toxicity bismuth instead of toxic tellurium for detection,reducing the risk of poisoning for experimental personnel and avoiding interference from coexisting tellurides at the sampling site. The linear range is more in line with occupational exposure limits than the current national standard. No need to use expensive inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer for widespread application. High sensitivity,good accuracy,and no difference compared to current national standard methods can be used for the detection of bismuth telluride in workplace environments.

Heavy metal pollution and health risk assessment in rice in northern Fujian Province

LUO Cuiting, LI Wutao, JIANG Hong

2025, 41(20):  2760-2764. 

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Objective To investigate and analyze the content and pollution status of lead(Pb),total mercury(Hg),total arsenic(As) and cadmium(Cd) in the rice produced in northern Fujian,and to conduct health risk assessment. Methods Totally 300 locally grown fresh rice samples were collected from 10 counties and cities in northern Fujian from July to November 2024. Thelead,total mercury,total arsenic and cadmium were detected and analyzed according to GB 5009.268-2016 "Determination of many elements in food" and GB 5009.17-2021 "Determination of total mercury and organic mercury in food".The monitoring data of heavy metal indexes of lead,total mercury,total arsenic and cadmium were selected,the heavy metal pollution index was evaluated by the single factor pollution index Pi and the Nemero comprehensive pollution index P,and the health risk of human rice intake was evaluated by the health risk assessment model of chemical carcinogens. Results The mean contents of lead,total mercury,total arsenic and cadmium in 300 self-produced rice samples were 0.026、0.004、0.106 and 0.048 mg/kg,respectively. The single factor pollution index and Nemero comprehensive pollution index were less than 1.0,indicating that the four heavy metals in rice were at a safe level. The total target hazard factor(TTHQ) and the total target carcinogenic risk factor(TTCR) were less than the values recommended by the International Commission for Radiation Protection(ICRP)(5×10^-5 /year),and the population health risk was at an acceptable level. Conclusion The total arsenic,total mercury,lead and cadmium mercury in rice in northern Fujian is basically within the national limit standard,but it is still necessary to pay attention to the potential risks,and farmland environmental protection and rice quality monitoring should be strengthened.

Dietary exposure assessment of lead and cadmium in shellfish among residents in Hainan Province

YUN Fen, HAN Jian, XIAO Wenlin, LIAO Kai, YE Haimei

2025, 41(20):  2765-2769. 

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Objective To understand the pollution status of lead(Pb) and cadmium(Cd) in aquatic products of shellfish in Hainan Province,and to clarify the dietary exposure risk of Pb and Cd in shellfishin local. Methods A total of 356 shellfish products samples from 12 cities and counties in Hainan Province were collected from 2015 to 2023. The content of Pb and Cd were determined and the single factor pollution index(P_i) and nemerow integrated pollution index(P_summary) were used to evaluate the metallic element pollution level. Dietary risk assessment was carry out by point assessment and compared with the health guidance value or benchmark dose to assess the potential health risks of Pb and Cd in shellfish. Results The median concentration of Pb and Cd in shellfish were 0.138 and 0.372 mg/kg,respectively. The exceeding rate of Pb and Cd in shellfish were 2.53%(9/356) and 22.5%(80/356). The exceeding rate of Cd in shellfish was as follows：king scallop(40.0%)>scallop(39.0%)>oyster(33.8%)>tegillarcagranosa/Clam(13.3%)>white clam mactra(10.0%).There was a certain degree of mild cadmium contamination(P_i=0.55) in 356 shellfish samples,and the comprehensive pollution index of two metallic element in shellfish reached warning level(P_{shellfish summary}=0.76) in 2023. The assessment result showed that the average monthly dietary exposure range of Pb and Cd in shellfish consumed by each person were 0.26-0.80 and 1.16-3.57 μg/kg·BW,respectively,far below the healthy guidance value or benchmark dose. Conclusion There has been a certain degree of Pb and Cd pollution in shellfish in Hainan Province,but the probability of health risk Pb and Cd via dietary intake are at the acceptable level.

Epidemic characteristics and trend prediction of viral hepatitis C in Shinan District of Qingdao from2008to2023

ZHANG Yuhong, LI Zhitao, ZHAN Baojian, ZHAO Jinna, ZHANG Dongfeng; , JIA Guang

2025, 41(20):  2770-2775. 

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Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of viral hepatitis C in Shinan District of Qingdao City,predict the incidence trend,and provide reference for promoting the elimination of hepatitis C in Qingdao City. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis C cases reported in Shinan District from the Communicable Disease Surveillance System in the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention from 2008 to 2023. The autoregressive integrated moving average(ARIMA) time series model was established to predict the crude incidence rate of hepatitis C from 2024 to 2028. Results The proportion of confirmed cases of hepatitis C in Shinan District from 2008 to 2023 was 80.06%,which meant that the nucleic acid testing rate of antibody positive individuals was less than 90%.The reported standardized incidence rate showed an overall increasing trend from 2008 to 2023[average annual percent change(AAPC)=7.58%,P<0.01],with the fastest growth occurred from 2014 to 2017[annual percent change(APC)=37.22%,P<0.05].There was no statistically significant difference in the average annual reported crude incidence rate,the standardized incidence rate and the overall trend of the inter group comparison parallelism between men and women(all P>0.05). The annual average reported crude incidence rate of each age group showed an upward trend(χ2trend=185.093,P<0.01).People with high annual average reported crude incidence rate and composition ratio were concentrated in the 50?<65 and 65?<80 age groups,and the annual average reported crude incidence rate of these two age groups was also growing rapidly. The occupational distribution was mainly composed of retirees,house workers and the unemployment.There was a statistically significant difference in the average annual reported crude incidence rate among the western,central and eastern regions of Shinan District(χ2=6.629,P<0.05),and the average annual reported crude incidence rate and incidence in the western region were the highest.ARIMA model predicted that the crude incidence rate of hepatitis C reported from 2024 to 2028 might still rise slowly. Conclusion The prevention and control of hepatitis C in Shinan District of Qingdao should focus on the western area,people aged 50?<80,retired and household workers and unemployed people to carry out publicity and education.At the same time,the awareness of "full coverage of nucleic acid testing for antibody positive people" in medical institutions should be strengthened to improve the quality of case reports. The ARIMA model should also be used to predict the reported crude incidence rate of hepatitis C,providing scientific reference for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis C,and helping to achieve the goal of eliminating the public health hazards of hepatitis C.

Analysis of the status quo and influencing factors of work engagement of medical staff in operating rooms of 10 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province

XIE Ti

2025, 41(20):  2776-2781. 

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Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of work engagement of medical staff in operating rooms of grade-A tertiary hospitals,and to provide theoretical basis for improving the level of work engagement of medical staff. Methods From November to December 2023,276 operating room medical staff from 10 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province were selected as the research objects by convenient sampling method. The general information questionnaire,recovery experience scale,stress perception and work engagement scale were used to investigate. Single factor analysis,correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results The scores for work engagement,stress perception and recovery experience in operating room medical staff of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province were (55.64±12.35),(39.87±11.76) and (51.68±10.92)points,respectively. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the scores of work engagement of medical staff in operating rooms with different genders,marital status,job categories,length of service in operating rooms,average monthly income,chronic physical pain,sleep quality,and those who received psychological adjustment training(all P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the score of work engagement was positively correlated with the score of recovery experience(P<0.05),negatively correlated with the score of perceived stress(P<0.05),and the score of recovery experience was negatively correlated with the score of perceived stress(P<0.05).Hierarchical regression analysis showed that gender,length of service in operating room,monthly income,chronic somatic pain,sleep quality,received psychological adjustment training,perceived stress and recovery experience were significant predictors for work engagement of medical staff in operating room. Conclusion The work engagement of medical staff in the operating room of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province is above the middle level. The perceived stress is significantly correlated with work engagement in the recovery experience,which is an independent influencing factor. Improving the recovery experience and reducing the perceived stress can improve the level of work engagement of medical staff.

Analysis on current status and influencing factors of health education competency among nurses in public grade-A tertiary hospitals in Xianyang City

ZHANG Chen, ZHAO Yinfeng, ZHAO Yan, YANG Qiong, WANG Xige, SUN Xiaomin

2025, 41(20):  2782-2787. 

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Objective To understand the current status and influencing factors of health education competency among nurses in public grade-A tertiary hospitals in Xianyang City, and to provide a refercence basis for the assessment and educational training of nurses' health eduation capabilities. Methods From March to April 2024,a convenience sampling method was used to survey 1 115 nurses from four public grade-A tertiary hospitals in Xianyang City. A self-made general situation questionnaire,registered nurse core competency assessment scale,and the Chinese version of nurse health education competency scale were used for questionnaire survey,and the data were analyzed. Results The total core competency score of nurses in public grade-A tertiary hospitals in Xianyang City was (222.61±31.32)points,and the total health education competency score was (222.51±30.98)points. There was a positive correlation between the core competencies of nurses and their health education competence(r=-0.763,P<0.01).The regression coefficient value of clinical nursing was 0.631(t=2.469,P<0.05),the regression coefficient value of leadership ability was 0.597(t=2.492,P<0.05),the regression coefficient value of professional development was 1.799(t=5.142,P<0.01),the regression coefficient of education and counseling was 2.268(t=6.954,P<0.01),indicating that the dimensions of clinical nursing,leadership,professional development,education and consultation in the core competencies of nurses would have a significant positive impact on the total score of nurse health education competence. Conclusion The health education competence of nurses in public grade-A tertiary hospitals in Xianyang City is at a moderate to high level,and is closely related to multiple dimensions of nurse core competencies,such as clinical nursing,leadership ability,professional development,education and consultation.Therefore,it is recommended to prioritize the development of nurses with outstanding professional abilities to undertake health education work in hospitals or communities,and provide training on the relevant dimensions of their core competencies to enhance their competence in health education.

Analysis on epidemic situation of notifiable infectious diseases in Panzhihua City from 2017 to 2023

YAN Shuli, YANG Hua, LI Qin

2025, 41(20):  2788-2792. 

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Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Panzhihua City from 2017 to 2023,and to guide the establishment of infectious disease prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the reported data of notifiable infectious diseases. Results From 2017 to 2023,a total of 37 418 cases of 25 notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Panzhihua City,the cases included 423 deaths. The average annual incidence rate was 437.03/100 000,the average annual death rate was 4.94/100 000,and the case fatality rate was 1.13%. The top three diseases were HFMD(25.79%),influenza(18.77%) and other infectious diarrhea(14.02%).AIDS accounted for the largest number of deaths,accounted for 93.14%. In 7 years the overall incidence fluctuated significantly and the difference was statistically significant(χ²=6 931.64,P<0.05). Among them,HFMD had a high incidence in every other year,influenza had a significant peak in 2023,bloodborne and sexually transmitted diseases had shown a significant increase due to the incidence of syphilis,hepatitis B,and hepatitis C,and the composition of naturally epidemic diseases had changed significantly(emerging infectious diseases included human infections with H7N9 avian influenza,kala-azar,brucellosis).The regions with the highest reported number of cases and the incidence rate were Dong District(13 870 cases,508.06/100 000) and Renhe District(9 742 cases,514.23/100 000).The ratio of male to female incidence was 1.27∶1.The age group with a higher incidence was the 0-<7 years group,accounted for 45.20%,and the high-risk population was scattered children,accounted for 29.11%. Conclusion The reported incidence rate of notifiable infectious diseases in Panzhihua City fluctuate significantly from 2017 to 2023. It's need to strengthen the prevention and control of high-incidence infectious diseases,focusing on diseases with rapid growth,high mortality rate and emerging diseases. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken according to the different characteristics of the disease.

Current status of work exuberance among specialized nurses in hemodialysis in 10 comprehensive hospitals in Sichuan Province and its correlation with occupational mental toughness and humble leadership

ZHU Xiaoli

2025, 41(20):  2793-2798. 

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Objective To investigate the level and influencing factors of work exuberance among hemodialysis specialist nurses in 10 general hospitals in Sichuan Province,and to analyze the role mechanism of humble leadership between occupational mental toughness and work exuberance. Methods In October 2024,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 403 specialized nurses in the hemodialysis unit of the nephrology department,using the general information questionnaire,humble leadership scale,occupational psychological toughness scale,and sense of work exuberance scale,to verify the pathways of action between variables. Results Totally 403 hemodialysis specialist nurses in 10 general hospitals in Sichuan Province general hospitals scored (33.89±9.54)points for humble leadership,(84.52±17.26)points for occupational mental toughness,and (36.28±4.76)points for sense of exuberance at work.There was a positive correlation between occupational mental toughness,humble leadership and sense of exuberance at work(r>0,all P<0.05). The form of employment,age,average monthly personal income,whether there was a clear career plan and self-assessed job satisfaction were the indepentment influencing factors of the sense of work exuberance(all P<0.05).The mediating effect of humble leadership between occupational psychological toughness and the sense of work exuberance was 0.363,accounting for 55.6% of the total effect. Conclusion The sense of work exuberance of hemodialysis nurses in general hospitals in Sichuan Province is at a moderate to high level,and the sense of work exuberance is higher for nurses with establishment,higher age,higher average monthly personal income,clear career planning and higher self-assessed job satisfaction,and humble leaders plays a partially mediating role between occupational psychological toughness and sense of work exuberance. Managers should adopt targeted interventions based on different demographic characteristics to promote the construction of nurses' occupational psychological toughness,so that to perceive leaders' care and support,and thus enhance the level of work exuberance.

Analysis on status quo and influencing factors of nurses' professional pride in gastroenterology department of 10 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province

WANG Xi

2025, 41(20):  2799-2804. 

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Objective To investigate the status quo of professional pride of nurses in gastroenterology department of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide reference for improving work enthusiasm. Methods From December 2023 to January 2024,a cross-sectional survey was conducted to select 452 nurses in gastroenterology department from 10 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province as the survey subjects using convenience sampling. General information questionnaire,responsibility perception scale,craftsman spirit scale and professional pride scale were used to investigate,and the data were analyzed. Results The professional pride scores of 452 gastroenterology nurses were (94.81±15.39) points,the responsibility perception scores were (18.27±4.07)points,and the craftsman spirit scores were (69.35±10.26)points. The total score of professional pride,total score of responsibility perception and total score of craftsman spirit were all positively correlated among nurses in gastroenterology department(r>0,all P<0.01). Whether specialized nurses,education level,willingness to engage in nursing work,clear career development plan,responsibility perceptionand craftsman spirit were all the main influencing factors of professional pride(all P<0.01),accounting for 33.8% of the total variation of professional pride. Conclusion The professional pride of gastroenterology nurses in 10 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province is at a moderate level. Nurses those who are specialized nurses,have education level of specialized or below,are willing to engage in nursing work,have clear career development plans,have higher scores in responsibility perception and craftsman spirit,have higher levels of professional pride. Managers should pay attention to the influence of nurses' responsibility perception and craftsman spirit on professional pride,and improve nurses' responsibility perception and craftsman spirit to improve their professional pride.

Analysis of factors and paths influencing nurses' mental health literacy based on structural equation modeling

HE Shanshan, XING Wei, MAO Jie

2025, 41(20):  2805-2810. 

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Objective To construct a structural equation model to analyze the influencing factors of nurses' mental health literacy and provide a reference for the development of targeted interventions. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to survey 258 nurses in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Zhengzhou City from July 2023 to March 2024,and to analyze the influencing factors and pathways of mental health literacy using structural equation modeling. Results The total score of nurses' mental health literacy was (106.17±11.91)points.The total mental health literacy score was negatively correlated with empathy fatigue(P<0.01),and positively correlated with social support and psychological resilience(both P<0.05). The model fit was good(χ²/df= 2.510, RMSEA=0.077, IFI=0.930, TLI=0.912, CFI=0.92, GFI=0.902). Establishment, marital status, empathy fatigue, social support,and psychological resilience were influencing factors of nurses' mental health literacy. Psychological resilience and social support had a direct positive effect on mental health literacy(β=0.229,0.452,both P<0.01),and empathy fatigue could have an indirect effect on mental health literacy through social support and psychological resilience, with indirect effect accounting for 42.28% of the total effect. Conclusion The mental health literacy level of nurses in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Zhengzhou is at a low level and is affected by multiple factors.Nursing managers should pay attention to assessing the level of nurses' mental health literacy and intervene in response to the affecting factors,then further to improve the level of nurses' mental health literacy.

Mediating effect of decent work perception on the relationship between job burnout and job satisfaction among nurses in county-level hospitals

LIANG Hongmei, CHEN Yunting, SUN Xianglan, WANG Danfeng, XU Dan, HE Hongying

2025, 41(20):  2811-2816. 

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Objective To explore the mediating effect of decent work perception on the relationship between job burnout and job satisfaction among nurses in county-level hospitals,analyze ways to improve nurse job satisfaction,and provide suggestions for hospital managers. Methods From March to June 2024,976 practicing nurses from three county-level hospitals in Eastern Sichuan Province were selected as study subjects using convenience sampling. Surveys were conducted using a demographic questionnaire for nurses,the nurse job burnout scale,the decent work perception scale,and the job satisfaction rating scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The score for nurses' job burnout was (42.34±24.99)points,the score for decent work perception was (49.42±8.61) points,and the score for job satisfaction was (129.35±18.10)points. Job burnout was negatively correlated with decent work perception and job satisfaction(r=-0.632,-0.645,both P<0.05),while decent work perception was positively correlated with job satisfaction(r=0.849,P<0.05). Job burnout could directly affect nurses' job satisfaction levels,and could also indirectly affect nurses' job satisfaction through the mediating effect of decent work perception,accounting for 21.9% of the total effect. Conclusion The job satisfaction of nurses in county-level hospitals is at a moderate level. Reducing nurses' job burnout and improving their decent work perception are of great significance for improving job satisfaction.

Real-world study of early clinical features and high-risk factors for death in heat stroke

XUE Wanteng, LYU Zhihui, WANG Kun, WANG Qiaoou, ZHANG Songtao, LIU Shanshou

2025, 41(20):  2817-2821. 

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Objective To analyze the early diagnosis and treatment data of patients with heat stroke,clarify the early warning indicators and high risk factors of death,and optimize the clinical management strategy of heat stroke. Methods A real-world study was conducted to collect the clinical data of patients with heat stroke admitted to the emergency department and intensive care unit of a regional central hospital from January 1,2017 to December 31,2023. The differences in early clinical characteristics between the survival group and the death group were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the high risk factors for the poor prognosis of heat stroke,and the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to verify its predictive efficacy. Blood samples were collected from some patients when they entered the room to obtain plasma,and the luminex kit was used to detect the content of inflammatory factors and pro-inflammatory factors. Results A total of 85 patients with heat stroke were enrolled in this study,including 53 cases(62.35%) of exertional heat stroke and 32 cases(37.65%) of classical heat stroke,mainly concentrated in July and August(90.58%),and the 90-day mortality rate was 28.23%. The recent gastrointestinal infection rate,lactic acid,prothrombin time(PT),activated partial prothrombin time(APTT),procalcitonin(PCT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),blood urea nitrogen(BUN) and creatinine in the death group were significantly higher than those in the survival group(all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that recent gastrointestinal infection,high lactic acid,BUN and PCT were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with heat stroke. Pre-onset gastrointestinal infection increased the risk of death in patients with heat stroke(OR=7.184,95%CI：1.023-50.460,P<0.05). Plasma levels of inflammatory factors(TNF-α,IL-1ra and IL-6),chemokines(CCL2,CXCL8,CXCL10 and GM-CSF) and liver and kidney injury markers were significantly higher in patients with pre-onset gastrointestinal infection than in those with normal gastrointestinal function(all P<0.05). Conclusion High levels of plasma lactic acid,PCT and BUN in patients with early disease are high risk factors for death of heat stroke,and the combined detection of the three has high efficiency. In patients with intestinal infection before onset,elevated plasma inflammatory factors in the early stage of the disease lead to liver and kidney inflammatory injury,which significantly increases the risk of death. This study can guide clinicians to quickly identify patients with severe heat stroke in the early stage of the disease,which is helpful to improve the prognosis.

Correlation study on the information security attitude,professional aspirations,and professional values of nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin City

YANG Xuechao, ZHANG Yajun

2025, 41(20):  2822-2827. 

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Objective To understand the current status of nurses' information security attitude in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin City,explore their correlation with professional values and professional aspirations,and provide theoretical basis for improving the level of nurses' information security attitude in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin City,ensuring nursing information security,and doing a good job in clinical nursing management. Methods From October to December 2024,a questionnaire survey method was used to select 490 nurses from 5 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin City as survey subjects. The survey was conducted online using a general information questionnaire,an information security attitude questionnaire(ISA-Q),a career aspiration scale(CAS) and a nurse professional values scale revised(NPVS-R),and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of nurses' information security attitude,career aspirations,and professional values in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin City was (87.54±26.78),(25.17±8.22) and (102.19±14.28)points,all of which were above average. Educational level,years of work experience,participation in safety training,career aspirations,and professional values were independent risk factors for nurses' information security attitude in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin City. The total score of information security attitude was positively correlated with the total score of career aspirations and professional values(r=0.549,0.642,both P<0.01). Conclusion The information security attitude,career aspirations,and professional values of nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin City are all at a medium to high level,and there is still room for improvement. It is suggested that hospital managers strengthen the training of nurses' awareness of information security,continuously improve nurses' professional aspirations,establish good professional values for nurses,and further enhance the quality of nursing services by building apositive safety culture atmosphere.

Analysis of rhinovirus infection characteristics in acute respiratory infections in Tianjin City

YANG Jie, WU Mingkun, DONG Xiaochun, SU Cheng, LI Lin

2025, 41(20):  2828-2832. 

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Objective To explore the prevalence of human rhinovirus(HRV) in acute respiratory infection(ARI) and the infection characteristics of hospitalized cases in Tianjin during the influenza epidemic period in 2023-2024,and provide reference for the prevention and control of HRV infection in the future. Methods During the influenza epidemic period in 2023-2024,868 outpatient and emergency influenza-like patients and 538 inpatients with acute respiratory infection were selected from 4 hospitals in Tianjin,and throat swabs were collected. Multiple RT-PCR method was used to detect 9 common respiratory viruses including HRV and clinical data of hospitalized cases with positive HRV test were collected. Results A total of 65 cases of HRV positive cases were detected in 1 396 cases of ARI,with a positive detection rate of 4.66%. The detection rate of HRV decreased with the increase of age(χ²=5.595,P<0.05),and the highest detection rate was found in the age group of 10-<20 years(6.63%). The detection rate of HRV in influenza-like illness in outpatient and emergency departments was higher than that in severe acute respiratory infection cases,and the difference between them was statistically significant(P<0.05). In all cases,HRV combined with other viruses was the main type,accounting for 38.46%,while enterovirus(EV) was the main type in HRV combined detection. The positive detection of HRV in hospitalized cases of ARI was found in the groups of under 14 years old(70.59%) and over 55 years old(29.41%). The clinical manifestations were mainly cough and expectoration,and all cases had lung imaging changes. Conclusion In the influenza epidemic period of 2023-2024 in Tianjin,HRV infection is the common pathogen detected with influenza-like symptoms. The low and high age groups with poor immunity are the key groups of hospitalization caused by HRV infection. Continuous monitoring should be carried out,and the corresponding prevention and control strategies should be paid attention to and formulated.

Visual analysis of traditional Chinese medicine in preventing and treating AIDS domain based on CiteSpace and VOSviewer

LI Yujie, XU Liran, MENG Pengfei, XU Furong, LU Chang, YUE Jingyu

2025, 41(20):  2833-2837. 

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Objective To conduct a quantitative analysis of the related literature on the prevention and treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) with traditional Chinese medicine in China,so as to understand the research status and development trend in this field. Methods Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of AIDS from January 2013 to December 2022 were searched in China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Database,VIP database and China Biology Medicine Disc,and the number of published papers,authors,institutions and keywords were analyzed and presented in the way of atlas. Results A total of 770 valid documents were included,with the highest number of publications in 2013 reaching 129,followed by fluctuations and a decreasing trend in the number of publications thereafter.The top three authors in terms of publication volume were XU Liran(118 papers),GUO Huijun(102 papers),and XU Qianlei(68 papers).Research institutions were mainly provincial traditional Chinese medicine universities and affiliated hospitals,with the institution with the highest publication volume being the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine,accounting for 28.96%(223/770) of the total publications,making it a core institution in this field of research.Co-occurrence and clustering analysis of keywords showed that from January 2013 to December 2022,research in this field focused on the construction and application promotion of the traditional Chinese medicine pattern differentiation treatment and efficacy evaluation system.Keyword emergence and timeline analysis indicated that collaborative treatment had emerged as a new hot topic in this field in recent years. Conclusion This field has formed a relatively stable research team and collaborative network,with research showing continuity and systematicity,aligning with the development model of evidence-based medicine.Collaborative treatment,as a current emerging hot topic,is predicted to become a new research focus and trend in studies related to collaborative treatment drugs.

Visual analysis of the field of mercury poisoningin China based on CiteSpace

ZENG Yuting, HE Yingying, SUN Dexing

2025, 41(20):  2838-2842. 

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Objective To summarizeand analyze the current research status,hot topics,emerging trends,and frontiers in domestic mercury poisoning studies,providing references and guidance for future research in related fields. Methods Literature on mercury poisoning from 2004 to 2023 was retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) database. The CiteSpace 6.2.R3 software was utilized for visual analysis of institutions,authors,and keywords. Results A total of 638 articles were included. In the analysis of institutions and authors WANG Hanbin was identified as the most prolific author(13 articles),while the affiliated hospital of the Military Medical Science Academy was the institution with the highest publication volume(21 articles),and the journal with the most publications was Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine(47 articles). In-depth exploration of keyword clustering and emergent keywords revealed that the research hotspots include protective measures and nursing in mercury poisoning,the health impacts of mercury,and risk management of occupational mercury exposure. Conclusion The article summarizes and analyzes the development trends in mercury poisoning research from 2004 to 2023,emphasizing the importance of collaboration,which has facilitated the shift from basic research to practical applications. It focuses on protection,health impacts,occupational risks,and the development of improved treatment methods and safety measures,aiming to enhance safety and health protection in the workplace.

Visual analysis of mindfulness therapy on nurse burnout research based on CiteSpace

LI Guiying, LIANG Xiaoyue, LIU Haitang, JU Xinmei

2025, 41(20):  2843-2850. 

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Objective To conduct a bibliometric and visual analysis on the research status,hotspots,and progress of mindfulness therapy in alleviating nurse burnout,in order to provide more accurate guidance and suggestions for the research and application of mindfulness therapy in nurse burnout. Methods Using CiteSpace tool to conduct multidimensional visualization analysis of academic literature from 2014 to 2024 in China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Data,and Web of Science databases,including publication volume,authors,institutions,keyword networks,and time trends. Results This study included 628 articles,the trend of annual publication volume of literature showed an increase from 2014 to 2021,and a decrease from 2022 to 2024. China and the United States are the main contributors to publications,accounting for 54.31% in total. Shanxi Medical University and Ohio University were the institutions with the highest number of publications. LIN Lin and GARCÍA-CAMPAYO J each published 5 articles and collaborated closely with multiple authors,making them the main contributors to both Chinese and English literature in this field. In Chinese literature,except for title keywords,"occupational stress" and "psychological resilience" had the highest frequency,while in English literature,"health" and "stress" had the highest frequency,with 63 and 61 times respectively. The impact of mindfulness therapy on nurses' self-care,job competence,group psychological training,and professional resilience would become a research trend in China in the future,while foreign research focused more on nurses' psychological well-being. Conclusion The Mindfulness therapy has achieved certain research results in reducing nurse burnout,but the research growth rate has slowed down and there are challenges in its application. Suggest strengthening author collaboration among national institutions and building a collaborative network. Future research will focus on improving mindfulness interventions tailored to the characteristics of different nurse populations.

Investigation and Research

Analysis on surveillance of adverse events following immunization in Guangyuan City from 2014 to 2023

LI Xiaoling, YANG Guangshu, MOU Zhimin

2025, 41(20):  2851-2856. 

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Objective To analyze the monitoring data of adverse event following immunization(AEFI) in Guangyuan City from 2014 to 2023,evaluate the operation of the AEFI monitoring system,and provide scientific basis for future monitoring work. Methods The data of AEFI cases reported and vaccination from 2014 to 2023 in Guangyuan were collected through China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and Sichuan Immunization Program Information for a descriptive epidemmoloncal analysis. Results A total of 2 616 AEFI cases were reported in Guangyuan from 2014 to 2023,with a reported incidence rate of 41.8/100 000. Among them,there were 2 216 cases of commom adverse reaction,304 cases of rare adverse reaction,and 89 cases of coincidental event. Adverse reaction were mainly occured within 1 day,with commom adverse reaction mainly including fever,redness,and induration,and abnormal reactions were mainly allergic reactions. The main population was children aged 0-<3,with the second to third quarter being the main season,mainly occurring in Cangxi County,Lizhou District,and Jiange County. There were more reported cases of Diphtheria,Tetanus and Acellular Pertussis Combined Vaccine,Adsorbed(DTaP),Rabies Vaccine(RabV),and Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine,Live(JEV-L),while the incidence of AEFI reported was higher for Herpes Zoster Vaccine(HZV),Inactivated Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine Produced In Vero Cells(JEV-I),and DTaP. Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system in Guangyuan is running well. It is recommended to increase prevaccination popular science education for key populations,regions,seasons and vaccines,and strengthen training,optimize information system settings,aiming to avoid vaccination accidents,and reduce the incidence of AEFI.

Health Management and Research

Analysis of characteristics of online consultation data from Nanjing municipal disease prevention and control institution

BIAN Zenghui, ZHANG Zhong, SUN Hongmin, ZHU Lanlan, ZHANG Ning

2025, 41(20):  2857-2861. 

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Objective To establish an online consultation platform for disease prevention and control institutions,analyze the consulting data to understand the public health needs,and provide references for optimizing the allocation of public health resources. Methods Construct an intelligent dialogue robot and apply it to the WeChat public account of Nanjing Disease Control and Prevention to provide public health information consultation services.Apply the joinpoint regression(JPR) model to calculate the daily percent change(DPC) and the average daily percent change(ADPC),assessing the trend of the robot's response capability over time.Analyze the distribution of consultation information by time,disease type,and topic,and present it visually. Results From June 2023 to August 2024,users submitted a total of 25 766 consultations,averaging 58 per day.These were categorized and merged to form a list of 294 distinct requests.The robot's daily effective response rate was 97.9%(96.1%-100%),showing a trend of rapid increase in the early stage(DPC=2.43%,P<0.01) and a high-level steady state in the later period(DPC=0,P<0.01).The robot's daily precise response rate was 64.0%(60.0%-69.0%),exhibiting a trend of rapid increase in the early stage(DPC=6.58%,P<0.01),slow increase in the middle stage(DPC=0.14%,P<0.01),and a high-level steady state in the later period(DPC=0,P>0.05).The volume of inquiries varied across different weekdays and time slots,with the highest concentration of consultations occurring between 8 to 16 o'clock on Mondays and 10 to 14 o'clock on Tuesdays.The most frequently consulted diseases included AIDS(3 334,28.5%),rabies(2 599,22.2%),HPV infection(2 369,20.3%),hepatitis B(933,8.0%),chickenpox and herpes zoster(267,2.3%),collectively accounting for 82.6% of the total consultation volume.The top five categories of inquiries were vaccination(7 900,52.3%),testing and consultation(2 701,17.9%),health check-ups(1 749,11.6%),health education(1 389,9.2%),and disease prevention and control measures(550,3.6%),together accounting for 94.6% of the total. Conclusion Intelligent online consultation has become an effective way to answer public health inquiries and understand public health needs.Priority should be given to key diseases and key time periods in the allocation of public health resources. Key areas where public health resources should be allocated more include immunization planning projects,infectious disease screening,health education,public health service informatization,and the improvement of cross-departmental collaborative working mechanism.

Overview

Research progress on the application of integrated theory of health behavior change in health promotion

YANG Ningjia, LI Yi, ZHOU Liang, HUANG Rui, LI Jing, ZHENG Bing

2025, 41(20):  2862-2866. 

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The "Healthy China Action(2019-2030)" points out that it is necessary to guide the masses to establish correct health concepts,form a healthy lifestyle and environment. However,many Chinese residents are in passive health management and lack active health awareness. Currently,there are still a large number of unhealthy behaviors,and the incidence of diseases among residents remains high.The integrated theory of health behavior change(ITHBC),as a comprehensive theory in the field of behavior change,is a powerful tool that can help intervention personnel in analyzing behavior influencing factors and developing behavior change intervention plans. The theory includes three constructs and two outcomes：knowledge and beliefs,self-regulation,social facilitation,proximal and distal outcomes,to promote health behavior change related to chronic disease management and health promotion. This paper reviews the origin,concept,content framework,and current application status of ITHBC in the field of health promotion based on previous domestic and foreign research. Based on this,insights are drawn to provide reference for the development of ITHBC and ideas for its application in the field of health promotion.

Research progress on falls risk assessment and preventive management of older adults in the community

SUN Jiaxin, YANG Jingjing, YANG Meiyi, BAI Kai, PAN Junwei, HUANG Weidong

2025, 41(20):  2867-2871. 

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With the increasing aging of the population,the problem of falls among older people in the community is a growing concern. Falls not only lead to physical injuries,but also may cause psychological problems,seriously affecting the quality of life of the elderly. A multidimensional assessment of physical function,disease status,psychological status,and environmental factors of the elderly can help to identify fall risk more accurately. This paper summarizes the factors related to fall risk,assessment tools and preventive management for older adults in the community,with the aim of reducing the incidence of falls among older adults,enhancing their self-confidence and independence,and providing references to safeguard the health of older adults,improve their quality of life,reduce the burden of medical care,improve the quality of community health services,and promote the harmony and stability of the family and the society.

Progress in the application of artificial intelligence chatbot in mental health promotion

WANG Xin, YU Guilin, LONG Xiaoyong

2025, 41(20):  2872-2876. 

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The detection rate of mental health problems continues to rise globally,but supply-side and demand-side barriers affect the rate at which individuals receive mental health services.The use of artificial intelligence chatbots can improve the accessibility,acceptance,and engagement of mental health resources. At present,the related researches are increasing gradually,but mainly foreign researches.This article summarizes the application status and evaluation tool of AI chatbots in early psychological screening,psychological treatment and symptom management,analyzes the existing problems and puts forward suggestions to provide reference for the practice of AI technology-driven mental health.

Research progress on assessment tools for online social support

QIU Yufei, YANG Fen, LIU Jiali, ZENG Lijuan, YU Yiqing, WANG Jing

2025, 41(20):  2877-2880. 

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With the rapid development of Internet technology and the wide application of social media,network social support has become an important supplement to the traditional social support system and is of great significance to the improvement of individual health and quality of life. This paper systematically reviews existing online social support assessment tools at home and abroad,analyzes their contents,characteristics,and applications,evaluates their strengths,weaknesses,and applicability,and proposes directions for future research and suggestions for improvement. Aiming to provide a reference for researchers to select or develop scientific assessment tools and a theoretical basis for the development of systematic and effective network social support intervention programs.