Table of Content

15 June 2025, Volume 41 Issue 12

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Treatise

Mediating effect of psychological capital on self ability negation tendency and occupational burnout of gynecological nurses

FAN Qin, SU Xiaohua, LI Jia, XIE Dongbo

2025, 41(12):  1585-1589. 

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Objective To investigate the status of self ability negation tendency,psychological capital and occupational burnout of gynecological nurses,analyze the mediating effect of psychological capital. Methods From September to October 2023,a convenience sampling method was used to select 168 gynecological nurses from 5 comprehensive hospitals in Xi'an City as the research subjects. The survey was conducted with the general situation scale,self ability denial tendency scale,psychological capital scale,and occupational burnout scale,and the mediating effect of psychological capital was analyzed. Results The scores of self ability negation tendency,psychological capital and occupational burnout of gynecological nurses were （39.82±8.52）,（90.39±14.82） and（60.27±12.37）points,respectively. The age,years of work,professional title,marital status,monthly income,and monthly night shift frequency were the influencing factors of the self ability negation tendency of gynecological nurses（all P<0.05）. The age,years of work,professional title,monthly income,and monthly night shift frequency were the influencing factors of the psychological capital of gynecological nurses（all P<0.05）. The age,years of work,professional title,monthly income,and monthly night shift frequency were the influencing factors of the occupational burnout of gynecological nurses（all P<0.05）. The occupational burnout of gynecological nurses was positively correlated with self ability negation tendency,while negatively correlated with psychological capital,and the self ability negation tendency was negatively correlated with psychological capital（all P<0.01）. The psychological capital partially mediated the relationship between self ability negation tendency and occupational burnout among gynecological nurses,with a mediation effect of 0.272,accounting for 40.06% of the total effect. Conclusion The psychological capital plays a partial mediating role between the self ability negation tendency and occupational burnout of gynecological nurses,and increasing the level of psychological capital is conducive to reducing the level of occupational burnout.

Analysis on impact of work-family role conflict and role overload on job burnout of orthopedic nurses

MA Lan, GUO Xiajing, SONG Honghong, YANG Jie, WU Jia, SUN Yanni

2025, 41(12):  1590-1594. 

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Objective To investigate the status of work-family role conflict,role overload and occupational burnout of orthopedic nurses,analyze the impact of work-family role conflict and role overload on occupational burnout of orthopedic nurses. Methods Using the random number table method,174 orthopedic nurses from 10 tertiary hospitals in Shanxi Province were selected from June to December 2023 as the research subjects. The work-family role conflict scale,role overload scale and occupational burnout scale were respectively used to investigate the levels of work-family role conflict,role overload and occupational burnout. Results The scores of work-family role conflict,role overload and occupational burnout of orthopedic nurses were （63.24±12.25）,（18.64±3.72） and （60.53±8.47）points,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in job burnout scores among orthopedic nurses of different age,years of work experience,professional title,marital status,average monthly income,average number of night shifts per month,and number of raised children（all P<0.05）. The job burnout of orthopedic nurses was positively correlated with work-family role conflict and role overload（r=0.684,0.642,both P<0.01）,and role overload was positively correlated with work-family role（r=0.586,P<0.01）. The work-family role conflict and role overload could jointly explain 31.70% of the variance of job burnout of orthopedic nurses. Conclusion The work-family role conflict,role overload and occupational burnout of orthopedic nurses are at a high level,both work-family role conflict and role overload are positively correlated with job burnout,and reducing the level of work-family role conflict and role overload is conducive to reducing the level of job burnout.

Application of three occupational health risk assessment methods in a synthetic rubber manufacturing enterprise

ZHANG Dongsheng, GAN Lin, LI Yao, WANG Hairong, QIU Jing

2025, 41(12):  1595-1599. 

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Objective To understand the application of three different occupational health risk assessment models in synthetic rubber manufacturing industry. Methods In January 2024,an on-site occupational health survey was conducted on a synthetic rubber manufacturing enterprise in Nanchong City,and the exposure concentration of time weighted average（C_TWA） of chemical toxin exposure positions was detected.Qualitative evaluation method,contact ratio method,and comprehensive index method were used to evaluate their occupational health risks and analyze the applicability of these three methods. Results The main positions exposed to chemical toxins in this enterprise were polymerization,rubber washing,and rubber drying positions,with the main exposure to chemical toxins being ethyl acrylate and n-butyl acrylate.Except for the ethyl acrylate（C_TWA of 28.6 mg/m³） in the rubber washing position,which exceeded the reference occupational exposure limit（OEL）,all other positions were exposed to chemical toxins below the OEL.The risk level evaluated by the qualitative evaluation method was higher than that evaluated by the contact ratio method and the comprehensive index method. The Kappa values of the three methods compared to each other were all 0，indicating poor consistency. Conclusion There are occupational health risks of chemical poisons in this enterprise，and personal protection of workers should be strengthened. The evaluation results of three methods are inconsistent. The qualitative evaluation method is easy to overestimate the risk level，and the contact ratio method has incomplete evaluation factors，while the comprehensive index method is more in line with the actual situation.

Relationship between mindfulness,compassion competence and job burnout of nurses in a grade-A tertiary hospital of Linyi City

LI Jiaoyue, WANG Fengling, YANG Li, ZHANG Xiao, ZHANG Hongqiang, LAN Mengfei

2025, 41(12):  1600-1605. 

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Objective To understand the current status of job burnout of nurses in grade-A tertiary hospital,explore the effects of mindfulness and compassion competence on their job burnout,so as to provide theoretical basis for seeking methods to alleviate nurses' job burnout. Methods From June to October 2023,the nurses in a grade-A tertiary hospital of Linyi City in Shandong Province were investigated by the general information questionnaire,Maslach burnout inventory-human service survey,mindful attention awareness scale,and compassion competence scale for the nurses. The generalized linear model was performed to analyze the factors affecting the job burnout of nurses in grade-A tertiary hospital. Results A total of 513 effective questionnaire were collected. The scores[M（P₂₅,P₇₅）] of emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,and personal accomplishment of nurses in grade-A tertiary hospital were 18.00（11.00,25.00）,4.00（1.00,7.00） and 12.00（5.00,21.00）points,respectively. The results of generalized linear model analysis showed that the experience of workplace incivility,sense of belonging,mindfulness and compassion competence were the influencing factors of emotional exhaustion score of nurses in grade-A tertiary hospital（all P<0.05）,the sense of belonging and compassion competence were the influencing factors of depersonalization score（all P<0.05）,and the sense of belonging,mindfulness and compassion competence were the influencing factors of personal accomplishment score（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The job burnout of nurses in grade-A tertiary hospital of Linyi City is at a high level,and the nursing managers can reduce nurses' job burnout by creating a civilized working environment and improving nurses' sense of belonging,mindfulness and compassion competence.

Simultaneous determination of twenty plasticizers in water by liquid-liquid extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry internal standard method

QU Liangjiao, ZHANG Yan, LIANG Sudan, LING Li, HUANG Wenyan

2025, 41(12):  1606-1610. 

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Objective To establish a liquid-liquid extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry internal standard method for the simultaneous determination of twenty plasticizers in water. Methods Totally 250 mL water samples were extracted directly with 10 mL dichloromethane,concentrated and separated by DB-5MS UI column（30 m×0.250 mm×0.25 μm）,and then analyzed by selective ion monitoring（SIM） mode of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. Qualitative analysis was performed by retention time and relative abundance of characteristic ions,and quantitative analysis was performed by the internal standard method. Results Twenty plasticizers were effectively separated and showed good linear relationship（r>0.995） in the range of 0.10-15.00 μg/mL. The detection limits and quantitative limits of the method were 0.004-0.34 μg/L and 0.01-1.15 μg/L. The recoveries and relative standard deviations were 63.7%-109.0% and 0.87%-11.10%. Conclusion The method is simple,sensitive and accurate,and is suitable for simultaneous detection of multiple plasticizers in water. It can provide technical reference for simultaneous detection of multiple plasticizers in water.

Construction of a depression risk prediction model for elderly people with cardiovascular disease in China

ZHAO Wenjing, TANG Yuxuan, WANG Jie, DONG Xia

2025, 41(12):  1611-1618. 

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Objective To construct a depression risk prediction model for elderly people with cardiovascular disease（CVD） in China,providing a basis for early identification of depression. Methods The empirical analysis was conducted by using the fourth round of China health and retirement longitudinal study（CHARLS） survey project,which was officially released to the world on September 23,2020. The center for epidemiological studies depression scale（CES-D） was used to evaluate the depressive mood of elderly people with CVD. The non-parametric tests and chi square tests were used for univariate analysis,and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of depression in elderly people with CVD. A depression risk prediction model for elderly people with CVD was constructed,and it was randomly divided into training and validation sets in a 7∶3 ratio. The model was calibrated to verify its effectiveness. Results A total of 4 325 respondents were included. Women,decreased educational level,separated/divorced/widowed/unmarried,decreased self-reported health,disabilities,chronic lung diseases such as chronic bronchitis or emphysema（excluding tumors or cancer）,arthritis or rheumatism,kidney diseases（excluding tumors or cancer）,stomach or other digestive system diseases（excluding tumors or cancer）,and engaging in vigorous physical activity were influencing factors for depression in elderly CVD patients（all P<0.05）. The ROC curve AUC sizes for constructing the training and validation sets of risk prediction models were 0.734（95%CI：0.717-0.752） and 0.749（95%CI：0.722-0.776） respectively,with Hosmer Lemeshow test showing P>0.05. The two groups have good goodness of fit,and the risk prediction model has good calibration. Conclusions Women,decreased education level,separation/divorce/widowhood/unmarried,self-rated health decline,disability,chronic lung diseases such as chronic bronchitis or emphysema（excluding tumors or cancer）,arthritis or rheumatism,kidney diseases（excluding tumors or cancer）,stomach or other digestive system diseases（excluding tumors or cancer）,and intense physical activity significantly increase the risk of depression in CVD elderly people. After a series of validations,it is suggested that both the training and validation sets of this model have a net benefit range,good consistency and predictive performance,providing a basis for early screening of depression in CVD elderly people by medical staff.

Effects of hexavalent chromium exposure on the malignant biological behavior of colorectal cancer cells and the expression levels of miR-149 and PDCD4

XIA Dongmei, ZHANG Biao, TAN Binxin, LIU Daimei, Ni Yanxia

2025, 41(12):  1619-1624. 

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Objective Based on the changes in miR-149 and PDCD4 expression levels,this study aims to explore the mechanism of the effects of hexavalent chromium[chromium（VI）,Cr （VI）] exposure on the proliferation,invasion,migration,apoptosis,and cell cycle of colorectal cancer cells. Methods Human colorectal cancer cells SW480 were divided into control group and low,medium and high dose Cr（VI） exposure groups,with Cr（VI） concentrations of 0.25,0.50 and 1.00 mol/L,respectively. After 48 hours of cultivation,6 multiple wells were set up in each group. After cultivation,the CCK-8 kit was used to measure the cell proliferation levels,methyl violet staining was used to measure the number of cell monoclonal formation,the Transwell method and wound healing test were used to evaluate the cell invasion and migration ability,flow cytometry was used to measure cell cycle G2/M phase levels,RT-PCR method and Western blotting were used to measure the expression levels of microRNA-149（miR-149） and programmed cell death factor 4（PDCD4） in cells. Results After exposure to different doses of Cr（VI）,SW480 colorectal cancer cells showed significantly higher proliferation rate,number of monoclonal formations,number of membrane penetrations,migration distance,and miR-149 levels compared to the control group,while apoptosis rate,cell cycle G2/M phase,PDCD4mRNA,and protein levels were significantly lower than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.01）. With the increase of Cr（VI） exposure dose,the proliferation rate,number of monoclonal formations,number of membrane penetrations,migration distance,and miR-149 level gradually increased,and the apoptosis rate,cell cycle G2/M phase,PDCD4mRNA,and protein levels gradually decreased,with an obvious dose-effect relationship,and the difference were statistically significant（all P<0.01）. Conclusion Cr（VI） can promote the proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer cell SW480,inhibit cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest,and increases the malignant biological behavior of colorectal cancer cell SW480. The mechanism is related to Cr（VI） exposure increasing the expression level of miR-149 in colorectal cancer cell SW480 and inhibiting PDCD4 expression.

Simultaneous determination of eight herbicides and plant growth regulators in drinking water by ion chromatography

MA Xiaoman, SHI Hongmei, LI Yunbing, ZHANG Laiying, GAO Lihong, WANG Yujiang

2025, 41(12):  1625-1629. 

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Objective To develop a detection method for simultaneous determination of eight herbicides（including 2,4-D,fosamine,aminomethylphosphonic acid,glufosinate,ethephon,glyphosate,glyphosine,and bentazone） and plant growth regulators in drinking water by ion chromatography,which has a simple pretreatment process and only requires common reagents. Methods The water sample is sequentially filtered through a 0.2 μm microporous membrane and a Ba/Ag/H cartridge before being introduced into the system. The effective separation is achieved on an IonPac AS19 chromatographic column using a 2-60 mmol/L potassium hydroxide gradient elution program. After the background signal is reduced by a suppressor,the analytes are detected by a conductivity detector. Results The eight analytes exhibit excellent linearity within the concentration range of 0.002-0.200 mg/L（0.005-0.200mg/L）,with correlation coefficients（r） all >0.999. The method demonstrates detection limits ranging 0.000 2-0.003 6 mg/L and quantification limits ranging 0.000 6-0.011 1 mg/L. At low,medium,and high spiked concentration levels,the recovery rates range from 94.3% to 108.6%,with relative standard deviations（RSD） between 0.592% and 4.425%（n=7）. Compared with the national standard method,the detection results showed no statistically significant difference（P>0.05）. Conclusion This method is characterized by its simplicity of operation,effective separation,and satisfactory accuracy,precision and sensitivity,making it suitable for routine monitoring of drinking water.

Chain mediating effect of job crafting and thriving at work on nursing organizational support and innovative behavior

JIANG Yuanyuan, SHEN Zhoumin, LI Pin, LONG Weinian, CAI Yimin

2025, 41(12):  1630-1635. 

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Objective To explore the chain mediating role of job crafting and thriving at work on the sense of organizational support and innovative behavior of clinical nurses,and to provide scientific and effective theoretical basis for managers to implement intervention strategies and improve the innovative behavior of clinical nurses. Methods Convenience sampling was used to select 553 clinical nurses from four grade-A tertiary hospitals in Changsha of Hunan Province from January to April 2024 as the research subjects. A self-made general information questionnaire,perceived organizational support scale,job crafting scale,work thriving scale,and innovation behavior scale were used to survey the clinical nurses,and the data were analyzed Results The total score of clinical nurses' organizational support was （41.52±9.29）points,the total score of job crafting was （60.89±9.95）points,the total score of thriving at work was （42.21±7.36）points,and the total score of innovative behavior was （30.19±5.24）points. Clinical nurses' organizational support,job crafting,thriving at work were positively correlated with innovative behaviors（all P<0.05）. The direct effect value of perceived organizational support on innovative behavior among clinical nurses was 0.203（P<0.05）. Perceived organizational support could positively predict job crafting（path coefficient=0.325,P<0.05） and work thriving（path coefficient=0.205,P<0.05）. Job crafting and work thriving significantly mediated the relationship between perceived organizational support and innovative behavior among clinical nurses,with a total mediating effect value of 0.084. There were mainly three intermediary effect chains,accounting for 20.09%,10.69%,and 5.24% of the total effect,respectively. Conclusion The innovative behavior of clinical nurses is at a moderate level,and organizational support can affect their innovative behavior through the mediating effects of job reshaping and job prosperity,as well as a chain mediating effect.

Analysis on mediating effect of clinical nurses' meaning in life between gratitude and emotional response

ZHAO Fangfang, ZHANG Lixiang, CHEN Xia, WANG Cheng, WANG Tingting

2025, 41(12):  1636-1640. 

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Objective To explore the mediating effect of clinical nurses' meaning in life between gratitude and emotional response,and to provide theoretical reference for reducing negative emotional reactions of clinical nurses. Methods Using convenience sampling method,1 434 clinical nurses from 5 grade-A tertiary general hospitals in Anhui Province were selected as the research subjects from May to September 2022,and the general information questionnaire,the Chinese version of meaning in life questionnaire,the Chinese version of gratitude questionnaire-6,and the psychological questionnaires for emergent events of public health were used for a questionnaire survey,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of the meaning of life,gratitude level and emotional response of 1 434 clinical nurses were （50.81±9.10）,（31.15±3.53） and 13.00（6.00,21.00）points,respectively. The emotional response of clinical nurse was negatively correlated with the meaning in life and gratitude（r=-0.354,-0.246,both P<0.01）,while gratitude was positively correlated with meaning in life（r=0.362,P<0.01）. The meaning in life played a partial mediating role between gratitude and clinical nurses' emotional response,and the mediating effect accounted for 38.53% of the total effect. Conclusion The meaning in life partially mediates the relationship between gratitude and nurses' emotional response. It is suggested that hospital and nursing managers can reduce the level of negative emotional reactions of clinical nurses by improving their meaning in life and increasing their level of gratitude.

Status of adult vaccination and comprehensive evaluation of immunization service capacity in Jinnan District of Tianjin

LIANG Guangzhong, KE Hui

2025, 41(12):  1641-1645. 

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Objective To understand the status of adult vaccination in immunization program clinic in Jinnan District of Tianjin,comprehensively evaluate the adult vaccination service capability in immunization program clinic. Methods The data of adult vaccination in immunization program clinic in Jinnan District from 2018 to 2023 were collected from the Tianjin immunization planning information management system,and the descriptive analysis was performed. The TOPSIS and rank-sum ratio methods were used to calculate the ranked Ci of adult vaccination service capability in 12 immunization program clinics of Jinnan District in 2023,and then they were sorted and classified. Results From 2018 to 2023,the proportion of adult vaccination doses in immunization clinics of Jinnan District showed an upward trend,rising from 6 009 doses in 2018 to 41 107 doses in 2023,with a total increase of 584.09%. August to November was the peak of adult vaccination. The TOPSIS method showed that the vaccination clinic Ci values ranged from 0.151 to 0.749. The rank-sum ratio method showed that a linear regression equation of Ci and its corresponding probability probit was Ci=-0.389+0.164×Probit（F=181.603,P<0.001）. There were 2,9 and 1 vaccination clinics identified as good,medium,and poor in service capacity. Conclusion The adult vaccination doses increase over the years in immunization clinics in Jinnan District of Tianjin,but the adult vaccination service capacity of vaccination clinics is inadequate,so it is necessary to take multiple measures to improve the capacity of adult vaccination services in the jurisdiction,in order to meet the demand for adult vaccination among residents.

Mediating effect of emergency department nurses' self-care on perceived professional benefits and work engagement

FAN Xin, JIA Yan, SUN Xuelian, WANG Liqin

2025, 41(12):  1646-1651. 

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Objective To explore the mediating role of self-care in the relationship between perceived professional benefits and work engagement among emergency department nurses,in order to provide a basis for nursing managers to develop relevant training programs and intervention measures to improve the work engagement. Methods The convenience sampling was used to select emergency department nurses from five grade-A tertiary general hospitals in Jiangsu from April to June 2023. The questionnaires were conducted using the general information survey,nurses' perceived professional benefits scale,nurses' self-care scale,and work engagement scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of the nurses' self-care scale in the emergency department nurses was （138.70±15.15）points,the total score of perceived professional benefits was （120.67±14.44） points,and the total score of the work engagement scale was （35.02±7.66）points. The total score of perceived professional benefits was positively correlated with the total scores of self-care and work engagement（r=0.634,0.519,both P<0.01）,and the self-care was positively correlated with work engagement（r=0.528,P<0.01）. The self-care had a partial mediating effect between perceived professional benefits and work engagement,with a mediation effect value of 0.237,accounting for 52.48% of the total effect. Conclusion The self-care of emergency department nurses is a mediator variable between perceived professional benefits and work engagement,so the nursing managers should pay attention to the cultivation of nurses' self-care,improve perceived professional benefits,and thereby enhance nurses' work engagement,improve the quality of nursing care,and ensure patient safety.

Investigation on the influence of Gobi environment on the physical and mental health of workers

HAN Bo, YANG Jun, DOU Xiong, GUO Youxiang, WANG Zhigang, WANG Baolin

2025, 41(12):  1652-1658. 

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Objective To explore the influence of Gobi environment on the physical and mental health of workers,and to provide scientific basis for formulating protective measures. Methods From July 2023 to February 2024,100 workers in Gobi and 100 workers in non-Gobi in a mining group were randomly selected as the investigation group and the control group. Questionnaires,mental health tests and physical examinations were conducted in the two groups,and the differences between the two groups were statistically analyzed and the reasons were discussed. Results There was no significant difference in baseline between the two groups. Compared with the non-Gobi working group,the number of symptoms per capita in Gobi working group increased significantly（6.13 vs 3.88,P<0.05）,suggesting that the risk of discomfort may be higher. The incidence of insomnia,fatigue,nervous system,respiratory system,digestive system,vision and bleeding tendency among workers in Gobi operation group was significantly higher than that in non-Gobi operation group（all P<0.05）. Workers in Gobi group believed that air（97.00%）,dust（97.00%） and water quality（96.00%） were the most prominent environmental factors affecting health. In the mental health test,the risk of somatization,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,interpersonal sensitivity,anxiety and other factors in Gobi group was significantly higher than that in non-Gobi group（all P<0.05）. Physical examination showed that the average number of white blood cells in Gobi group was significantly higher than that in non-Gobi group（6.55×10⁹/L vs 6.01×10⁹/L）,while the levels of aspartate aminotransferase（22.50 vs 24.46 U/L） and uric acid（383.64 vs 407.52 μmol/L） were significantly lower than that in non-Gobi group（both P<0.05）. The abnormal rate of physical examination in non-Gobi group was higher than that in Gobi group（64.89% vs 46.32%）,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion The special environment of Gobi has a significant impact on the physical and mental health of workers. It is not only the responsibility of enterprises,but also the need of construction and development to systematically popularize vocational education for employees,organize regular health examination,improve and perfect Gobi operation protective equipment,and strengthen medical security and psychological protection.

Influence of college students' future work self on learning engagement and role of career exploration and career calling

HE Yue, JI Jing, WEI Jiaqi, DU Guohui, LIANG Leiyu, GOU Pan

2025, 41(12):  1659-1663. 

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Objective To understand the relationship between college students' future work self,learning engagement,career exploration and career calling,and analyze the mediating and moderating roles of career exploration and career calling between college students' future work self and learning engagement,in order to enhance their career development potential and learning outcomes. Methods From April to July 2023,996 college students from six colleges and universities in Shaanxi Province were selected as survey subjects through random sampling method,and online questionnaire surveys were conducted by using the learning engagement scale,the future work self scale,the career exploration scale,and the sense of career calling scale. The statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 26.0. Results The future work self score of 996 college students in Shaanxi Province was （4.72±1.16）points,the learning engagement score was （4.41±0.98）points,the career exploration score was （3.60±0.69）points,and the career calling score was （3.80±0.62）points. The future work self was positively correlated with learning engagement,career exploration,and career calling（r=0.503,0.373,0.416,all P<0.01）.The mediating effect of career exploration accounted for 21.18% of the total effect,and sense of career calling negatively moderated the relationship between future work self and learning engagement（β=-0.086,P<0.05） and positively moderated the relationship between career exploration and learning engagement（β=0.244,P<0.05）. Conclusions The future work self can directly and positively predict learning engagement and can also influence learning engagement through career exploration. The career calling not only moderates the direct relationship between future work self and learning engagement,but also moderates the relationship between career exploration and learning engagement.

Analysis of spinal curvature abnormality and associated factors among primary and middle school students aged 10-18 years old in Taishan District of Taian City

HU Huiyu, BAI Yunjie, YANG Shuangpan, FAN Aiping, SUN Xiaochen, FU Lianchen

2025, 41(12):  1664-1669. 

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Objective To investigate the current situation of spinal curvature abnormalities among primary and middle school students in Taishan District of Taian City,analyze the related factors,and provide a basis for developing prevention and control strategies and intervention measures for abnormal spinal curvature behavior in children and adolescents. Methods In September 2023,a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to randomly select 1 990 students from fourth grade of primary and secondary school to third grade of general/vocational high school in schools of Taishan District,to conduct a physical examination of abnormal spinal curvature and a questionnaire survey on influencing factors,and the data were analyzed. Results Among 1 990 primary and secondary school students in Taishan District of Taian City,a total of 158 students were detected with abnormal spinal curvature,with a detection rate of 7.94%.The detection rate of abnormal spinal curvature varied among students of different stages,the detection rate in ordinary senior high school was the highest（14.65%）,followed by vocational high school（6.72%） and junior high school（6.38%）, the detection rate in primary school（2.39%） was the lowest,and the difference was statistically significant（χ²=52.755,P<0.05）. The junior high school,ordinary senior high school,myopia,and carrying the backpack on one shoulder were the risk factors for abnormal spinal curvature among adolescents in Taishan District（OR=2.176,4.441,1.712,1.993,all P<0.05）. The moderate-to-vigorous exercise frequency of three or more times in the past week,adjusting the height of desks and chairs according to the student's height at least once per semester,switching seats left and right and maintaining good posture at all times were the protective factors for abnormal spinal curvature in adolescents（OR=0.378, 0.535,0.706,0.307,all P<0.05）. Conclusion The detection rate of abnormal spinal curvature in primary and secondary school students in Taishan Districtis much higher,which is related to educational stages,the frequency of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in the past week,frequency of desks and chairs adjusted for student's height,whether seats are regularly rotated,whether presence of myopia,backpack habits,and requirements for sitting/standing posture.

Study on prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity in primary and secondary school students in Yichang City

LIANG Yi, YANG Zhongcheng, WANG Zaoxia, MING Xiaoyan, XIAO Man, HU Chi

2025, 41(12):  1670-1674. 

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Objective To understand the status and risk factors of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Yichang City,provide scientific basis for formulating effective intervention measures in the future. Methods From September to November 2023,71 primary and secondary schools in 13 counties（cities and districts） of Yichang City were selected by random cluster sampling method to carry out health examination and questionnaire survey. Chi-square test and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results In 2023,a total of 19 838 primary and secondary school students were monitored,the overweight detection rate was 16.34% and obesity detection rate was 14.12%. The detection rate of overweight and obesity in male students was 19.41% and 17.72% respectively,which were significantly higher than those in female students（13.14%,10.34%）（χ²=142.611,222.691,both P<0.01）. The detection rate of overweight and obesity in urban area was 32.50%,which was higher than that in suburban county（29.30%）（χ²=22.101,P<0.01）. The detection rate of obesity showed a decreasing trend with different academic stages（χ²=68.482,P<0.01）. The detection rate of overweight and obesity among resident students was 31.83%,which was higher than that of non-resident students（37.63%）（χ²=36.536,P<0.01）. The multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that female,never eating vegetables,and sleeping for at least 8 hours a day were protective factors for obesity,while primary school and not living on campus were risk factors for obesity（all P<0.01）. Conclusions The overweight and obesity rate among primary and secondary school students in Yichang City is relatively high. The education and health departments should work together to realize the "tripartite linkage" among schools,families and communities,and actively take targeted intervention measures to reduce the risk of obesity.

Current situation and correlation research on humanistic caring ability and positive psychological capital of midwifery major students in higher vocational colleges

LI Ziren, CHEN Li, LIU Ailing, LIU Fen

2025, 41(12):  1675-1678. 

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Objective To explore the current situation and correlation between humanistic caring ability and positive psychological capital of midwifery students in higher vocational colleges. Methods Totally 324 midwifery students in higher vocational colleges in Changsha Zhuzhou Xiangtan area of Hunan Province were investigated by using caring ability evaluation scale and positive psychological capital questionnaire. Results The total score of humanistic care ability of midwifery major students in higher vocational colleges was（165.44±18.03）points,which was lower than the domestic norm. The average score for positive psychological capital items was（4.58±0.64）points,and the average scores of each dimension from high to low were resilience,hope,self-efficacy and optimism. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of humanistic care ability among midwifery major students in different grade,having nursing experience or not,and caring atmosphere（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of positive psychological capital among midwifery major students with different degree of fondness for majors,caring atmosphere,serving as a class leader or not,having experience in community activities or not,and habit of reading literature books（all P<0.05）. The results of correlation and regression analysis showed that humanistic caring ability was positively correlated with positive psychological capital（P<0.01）. There was a linear regression relationship between humanistic caring ability and optimism,resilience,among which resilience had the greatest influence on humanistic caring ability（b'=-0.342）. Conclusion The midwifery educators can continuously and effectively develop and manage the positive psychological capital of midwifery students,improve their humanistic caring ability,and thus enhance their professional quality.

Mediation of perceived social support on employment anxiety and self-efficacy in medical students

ZHANG Shuling, HA Lina, LIU Dong

2025, 41(12):  1679-1684. 

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Objective To explore the impact of perceived social support on employment anxiety in medical students,as well as the mediating role of self-efficacy and the moderating role of parental involvement. Methods From March to May 2024,a cluster sampling method was used to select 1 134 medical students studying at a medical college in Ningxia as the survey subjects. The survey was conducted using the perceived social support scale,employment anxiety questionnaire,and general self-efficacy scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of perceived social support,self-efficacy and employment anxiety among 1 134 medical students was （62.32±11.99）,（26.36±6.11） and （76.56±17.53）points,respectively. The perceived social support significantly negatively predicted employment anxiety of medical students（β=-0.333,t=-7.300,P<0.01）,and self-efficacy played a partial mediating role between the two,with a mediating effect value of -0.144,accounting for 30.25% of the total effect. The parental involvement moderated the first half of the mediation model（β=0.025,t=2.336,P<0.05）. Conclusion There is a moderated mediator between perceived social support and employment anxiety among medical students,with self-efficacy as the mediating variable,and parental involvement can enhance the impact of perceived social support on self-efficacy.

Analysis on attempted smoking cessation behavior and its influencing factors among college students at a medical school in Northwest China

Ayizulipaer Abudumaimaiti, HE Lijuan

2025, 41(12):  1685-1689. 

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Objective To understand the basic situation of smoking,smoking cessation behaviors and influencing factors among college students at a medical school in Northwest China,provide reference for the construction of a smoke-free campus and helping students who are trying to quit smoking successfully quit smoking. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select college students in 1-5 grade of a medical school in Northwest China from October 2023 to April 2024. A self-administered questionnaire was used to investigate the smoking cessation behaviors of the college students and influencing factors. The χ² was applied to the categorical variables,and the rank-sum test was used to analyze the ranked data by binary logistic regression analysis. Results Among 2 431 college students at a medical university in Northwest China,368 of them were smokers,with a prevalence rate of 15.7%. 175 of them had attempted to quit smoking in the past 12 months,with an attempted cessation rate of 47.5%. The results of univariate analysis showed gender,mother's education,whether they wanted to quit smoking,whether they had been advised to quit smoking,how easy it was to quit smoking,whether they wanted to learn about smoking health and whether they had been exposed to anti-smoking propaganda factors had the statistical significances（all P<0.05）. The binary logistic regression analysis showed that gender,whether one wants to quit smoking,whether someone has advised them to quit smoking,and the perceived difficulty of quitting smoking were all influencing factors for attempting to quit smoking behavior（all P<0.05）. Conclusion When helping students to quit smoking,the college should strengthen the publicity of smoking health knowledge and increase the self-efficacy of smokers to quit smoking,so as to make smokers quit smoking successfully and create a smoke-free campus.

Systematic evaluation of the influencing factors and injury characteristics of military training injuries in high-altitude troops

XIAO Chulan, LI Junhui, GUO Yiting, LI Fuqiang, DU Yangyang, ZHANG Hua

2025, 41(12):  1690-1696. 

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Objective Based on the investigation and analysis of military training injuries（MTI） in high-altitude troops,this study aims to explore the influencing factors and injury characteristics,in order to provide reference for future related investigations and research as well as the prevention and treatment of MTI in high-altitude troops. Method Review Manager 5.3 software was used to organize and analyze the relevant investigation and research on MTI of high-altitude troops in China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）,VIP,and Wanfang databases. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to February 2024. A systematic evaluation was conducted based on different influencing factors and injury characteristics. Results A total of 27 articles were included,with a total of 14 766 cases of MTI. Meta-analysis results showed that the combined incidence of MTI was 19%. The results of subgroup analysis of various influencing factors showed that the incidence rate of cadres（RD=0.14, 95%CI：-0.18-0.46） was lower than that of conscripts（RD=0.22,95%CI：-0.18-0.62） and non-commissioned officers（RD=0.23,95%CI：0.17-0.63）,the incidence rate of military sources in cities（RD=0.17,95% CI：-0.35-0.68） was lower than that in rural areas （RD=0.22,95%CI：-0.34-0.78）,the incidence of college degree and below（RD=0.30,95%CI：-0.19-0.78）was higher than undergraduate and above（RD=0.17,95%CI：-0.30-0.63）,the incidence rate was highest at an altitude of 3 000-<4 000 m（RD=0.23,95%CI：-0.00-0.47）,followed by≥4 000 m（RD=0.18,95%CI：-0.18-0.54） and 2 000-<3 000 m（RD=0.09,95%CI：-0.31-0.49）. The highest incidence rate was observed in 2016-2024（RD=0.25,95%CI：-0.08-0.57）,followed by before 2005（RD=0.17,95%CI：-0.06-0.39） and 2006-2015（RD=0.16,95%CI：-0.07-0.39）. There was no statistically significant difference in age and body mass index（BMI） between the MTI group and the normal group（both P>0.05）,and warm-up before training was a factor affecting MTI（P<0.05）. The highest proportion of injury sites was in the upper limbs,followed by the trunk,lower limbs,and head and neck. The highest proportion of injury types was soft tissue injury,followed by bone and joint injury,other injuries,and organ injury. In recent years,the proportion of soft tissue injury had gradually increased,while other injuries had relatively decreased. The highest proportion of injury training was physical training,followed by professional technical training,tactical training,and other common subjects. The highest proportion of injury causing factors was found in group training factors,followed by individual factors and environmental factors. Conclusion There are many influencing factors for MTI of officers and soldiers at high altitude,among which warm-up before training can effectively prevent their occurrence,and the prevalence rate of compulsory soldiers,college education,rural soldiers,Xizang and other regions,high training intensity is higher. In addition,the site of injury is concentrated in the upper limbs,with soft tissue injury as the main type of injury. The injury training is mostly physical training,and the injury factors are mostly group training factors.

Investigation and Research

Analysis on influencing factors of HIV infection among men who have sex with men aged ≥45 years old in Xiqing District of Tianjin

LIU Nan, MA Bing, WEI Susu, LIU Mengchun

2025, 41(12):  1697-1701. 

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Objective To understand behavior characteristics of men who sexual with men（MSM） aged ≥45 years old in Xiqing District of Tianjin,explore the influencing factors of human immunodeficiency virus（HIV） infection,and provide reference for proposing targeted prevention and intervention measures. Methods A one-on-one questionnaire survey and HIV testing were conducted among MSM population aged≥45 years old who had participated in the special survey of high-risk population in Xiqing District from January 2021 to October 2024,and the data were analyzed. Results A total of 334 people were recruited with the HIV positive rate of 4.49%. 82.04% subjects had 1~5 sexual partners within three months. 47.60% subjects had consistently used condoms in the past three months. The condom use rate was 45.81% during the most recent sexual intercourse. The multivariate analysis showed that aged ≥50 years old was the risk factor of HIV infection,and their HIV infection risk was 3.74 times higher than that of survey respondents aged 45-<50（OR=3.74,95%CI：1.08-13.00,P<0.05）. The subjects having at least six homosexual partners within three months was the risk factor of HIV infection,and their HIV infection risk was 10.81 times higher than that of subjects had 0 partners（OR=10.81,95%CI：1.01-115.41,P<0.05）. The subjects did not use condoms during sexual activity within three months was the risk factor for HIV infection,and their HIV infection risk was 15.04 times higher than that of subjects consistently used condoms within three months（OR=15.04,95%CI：3.00-73.68,P<0.01）. Conclusions The risk factors for HIV infection in MSM population aged ≥45 years old include age ≥50 years old,multiple sexual partners and unprotected sex. This population has become the focus of AIDS intervention in Xiqing District. It is necessary to strengthen publicity,education and intervention testing among them,and improve the condom use rate,so as to effectively reduce the risk of HIV infection among middle-aged and elderly MSM population.

Overview

Research progress on micro-aggressions in medical staff

LIU Jinyi, WANG Yuting, XU Shuiqin

2025, 41(12):  1702-1706. 

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As medical staff are the providers of medical services,effective prevention and measures of micro-aggressions from patients is important to maintain the physical and mental health of medical personnel,improve the patient's medical experience and establish the new relationship between the doctors and the patients.The research on micro-aggressions of medical staff in foreign countries includes training medical personnel in micro-aggressions education,creating micro-aggressions education tools,development of behavior frameworks,while the research on micro-aggressions in China is confined to the discussion in the field of education and still in the initial stage. This paper reviews the concept,current situation,assessment tools,influencing factors and interventions of micro-aggressions in medical staff,in order to provide a reference for formulating an intervention program adapted to the micro-aggressions of medical personnel in China.

Review of individual dose monitoring and health risk for interventional radiology workers

JIANG Wenwen, CUI Limeng, DING Kuke, LIANG Li, YU Runqiu, MA Yongzhong

2025, 41(12):  1707-1713. 

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In recent years,the application of interventional radiology has expanded and has more attention to the occupational radiation exposure and associated risks for interventional radiology workers. This review analyses the radiation dose received by interventional radiology workers,methods of individual dose monitoring,and corresponding limitations,highlights the necessity of radiation epidemiology studies and future research directions,aims to provide a scientific basis for establishing a relatively complete dose health monitoring system and radiation protection system of interventional radiology workers.

Research progress on the role and function of psychiatric-mental health advanced practice registered nurses

LIU Shuting, ZHU Aiyong

2025, 41(12):  1714-1718. 

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With the development of economy and society,the incidence rate of psychosis is rising,and the demand for psychiatric nursing talents is also increasing. The psychiatric-mental health advanced practice registered nurse（PMH-APRN） can provide primary mental health care services for patients with mental illness. This article provides an overview of the concept,origin,certification qualifications,current development status,role functions,and clinical value of PMH-APRN,and summarizes the inspiration for the development of PMH-APRN in China,aiming to provide reference basis for the development of advanced nursing practice in China.

Research progress on influencing factors and coping strategies of military nurses' burnout

ZHANG Jiangyun, ZHANG Lihua

2025, 41(12):  1719-1723. 

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The job burnout among military nurses not only affects the physical and mental health of nurses,but also can negatively impact the quality and efficiency of medical services in the military. This paper reviews the research progress on job burnout among military nurses in recent years,and the influencing factors of job burnout among military nurses,and proposes coping strategies for job burnout among military nurses.

Research progress on application of exercise intervention in elderly individuals with cognitive frailty

CHANG Qihang, BU Haoning, ZHANG Shuyong, LI Wentao

2025, 41(12):  1724-1728. 

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The cognitive frailty refers to a heterogeneous clinical syndrome where physical frailty and cognitive dysfunction coexist,excluding Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia,and it can increase the risk of adverse health outcomes such as falls,hospitalization,and death in the elderly. The cognitive frailty typically occurs in older populations and poses a serious threat to their health. In recent years,cognitive frailty has increasingly gained the attention of scholars. This article provides a comprehensive review of the methods of exercise intervention on cognitive frailty and their application effects in the elderly population with cognitive frailty,aiming to provide a reference for the implementation of exercise intervention strategies in the elderly with cognitive frailty in the future.