Objective To explore the effects of work-non-work boundary penetration and psychological detachment on job burnout of operating room nurses，and to provide a reference for reducing job burnout of operating room nurses. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to survey 185 operating room nurses from 5 grade-A tertiary general hospitals in Chongqing from March to April 2025 using the work-non-work boundary penetration questionnaire，psychological detachment questionnaire，and job burnout questionnaire，and the correlation between the three was analyzed. Results The scores of work-non-work boundary penetration，psychological detachment and job burnout of operating room nurses were （7.38±2.24），（13.28±3.19） and （61.32±13.48）points，respectively. The results of univariate analysis showed that age，clinical nursing work hours，professional title，average monthly total income and average monthly shifts were the influencing factors of job burnout of operating room nurses（all P<0.05）. Job burnout of operating room nurses was positively correlated with work-non-work boundary penetration（r=0.576，P<0.01），and negatively correlated with psychological detachment（r=-0.498，P<0.01）. Work-non-work boundary penetration was negatively correlated with psychological detachment（r=-0.624，P<0.01）. Work-non-work boundary penetration of operating room nurses could indirectly affect job burnout through the mediating effect of psychological detachment，with an effect value of 0.283，accounting for 47.80% of the total effect. Conclusion The work-non-work boundary penetration and occupational burnout of operating room nurses are at a high level，and psychological detachment plays a partial mediating role in the work-non-work boundary penetration. Reducing the level of work-non-work boundary penetration and increasing the level of psychological detachment are conducive to reducing the level of occupational burnout of operating room nurses.
Objective To investigate the impact of the National Day holiday on the occupational health of workers in a chemical industry，and to analyze the associations between lifestyle factors and occupational stress and burnout. Methods A pre-post comparative survey was conducted among 38 on-duty workers. The first survey was carried out on the afternoon of September 30，2024， and the second on the morning of October 8，2024. Questionnaires were used to assess occupational stress and burnout before and after the holiday. Information on smoking，sleep，and other lifestyle factors was collected. Paired t-tests and multiple linear regression were applied for analysis，and gender-stratified comparisons were performed. Results The total score of occupational stress before and after the holiday was not statistically significant（P>0.05），with all workers classified as having mild stress. Occupational burnout scores increased significantly after the holiday（P<0.05），especially in the "reduced personal accomplishment" dimension from （2.59±1.50）points to （3.36±1.45）points（P<0.05）. In terms of occupational burnout levels，76.32% were mild to moderate before the holiday，which increased to 92.11% after the holiday. Among them，2 people developed severe burnout（5.26%），and the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05）. Regression analysis showed that workers with 0-<5 years of service had significantly higher occupational stress than those with ≥20 years（β=0.308，P<0.05）. Those with a college degree or above had lower burnout scores compared to those with junior high school education or below（β=-2.287，P<0.05）. Former smokers had lower burnout scores than non-smokers（β=-2.281，P<0.05），while current smokers had higher burnout scores（β=0.859，P<0.05）. Frequent nighttime awakenings was positively associated with burnout（β=0.728，P<0.05）. Gender-specific analysis showed that only male workers experienced a significant increase in burnout（β=0.208，P<0.05）. Conclusion The holiday may not effectively alleviate deep psychological burdens，especially among male workers. Future research should further explore the long-term effects of holidays and ways to improve the work environment to promote workers' mental health.
Objective To explore the impact of workplace competition atmosphere and work family conflict on occupational burnout among operating room nurses，and provide reference for reducing the level of occupational burnout among operating room nurses. Methods From February to April in 2025，176 nurses in the operating room from 9 grade-A tertiary comprehensive hospitals in Beijing were selected by convenience sampling method as the survey objects. The general situation survey scale，workplace competition atmosphere scale，work family conflict scale and job burnout scale were used to investigate，and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of workplace competition atmosphere，work family conflict and job burnout of nurses in the operating room were （39.42±6.54），（57.82±12.69） and （60.74±12.62）points，respectively. The occupational burnout of operating room nurses was related to factors such as work experience，professional title level，personal monthly income，and monthly night shifts（all P<0.05）. The workplace competition atmosphere of operating room nurses was positively correlated with job burnout（r=0.602，P<0.01），work family conflict was positively correlated with job burnout（r=0.627，P<0.01），and workplace competition atmosphere was positively correlated with work family conflict（r=0.584，P<0.01）. The work family conflict of nurses in the operating room had a partial mediating effect between the workplace competition atmosphere and job burnout，and the effect value was 0.256，accounting for 38.91% of the total effect. Conclusion The workplace competition atmosphere and work family conflict of operating room nurses from 9 grade-A tertiary comprehensive hospitals in Beijing have a positive impact on job burnout，and work family conflict has a partial mediating effect between occupational competition atmosphere and job burnout. Hospital nursing managers should take measures to reduce the workplace competition atmosphere and work family conflict level of nurses in the operating room，so as to reduce their job burnout level.
Objective To explore the mediating role of psychological resilience，depression，anxiety and job burnout among orthopedic nurses in a specialized orthopedic hospital，and to provide a basis for targeted psychological health intervention strategies. Methods A total of 310 orthopedic nurses from an orthopedic specialty hospital were selected as the study subjects using a convenience sampling method. A general information survey form，the Maslach burnout inventory-general survey（MBI-GS），the self-rating anxiety scale（SAS），the self-rating depression scale（SDS），and the Connor-Davidson resilience scale（CD-RISC） were used for the questionnaire survey，and the data were analyzed using a structured equation model（SEM）. Results The occupational burnout score of 310 nurses was （50.55±13.14）points，the anxiety score was （53.98±9.86）points，and the depression score was （54.49±9.95）points. Nurses of different titles and departments showed statistically significant differences in job burnout and anxiety scores（all P<0.05）. Anxiety and depression were negatively correlated with professional burnout（r=-0.314，-0.430，both P<0.01）. Psychological resilience was negatively correlated with professional burnout，anxiety and depression（r=-0.392，-0.390，-0.390， all P<0.01）. The SEM results showed that anxiety had a direct positive effect on professional burnout（β=0.352，P<0.01），and indirectly affected professional burnout through psychological resilience and depression（β=0.335，0.335，both P<0.01）. Conclusion Anxiety and depressive symptoms are relatively common among nurses in orthopedic hospitals in Urumqi and are closely related to professional burnout. Psychological resilience，as a mitigating factor，can significantly reduce the adverse effects of anxiety and depression on professional burnout.
Objective In order to promote the musculoskeletal health of the workers and understand the situation of work-related musculoskeletal disorders（WMSDs） in a certain biopharmaceutical factory in Tianjin，this study intends to conduct on-site surface electromyography（sEMG） measurement on the workers，focus on analyzing the key points and measures of quality control，put forward suggestions for prevention and control measures，and explore the measurement and evaluation methods. Methods From October to December 2024，all 5 workers（S1-S5） in the parts assembly and finished product packaging position were selected to measure the left extensor carpi ulnaris（L-ECU），right extensor carpi ulnaris（R-ECU），left flexor digitorum superficialis（L-FDS），and right flexor digitorum superficialis（R-FDS） with fatigue symptoms under the normal working conditions at the workplace. The measurement process covered a complete operation process，MegaWin（3.b-10） software was used to calculate the root mean square（RMS） for time-domain analysis，and the median frequency（MF） and mean power frequency（MPF） were calculated for frequency-domain analysis. Results The RMS of all four muscles of S1，S4，and S5 increased significantly（all P<0.05），with an increase range of 13-48 μV and an average increase of 24.5 μV. The MF and MPF of all four muscles of S1 and S4 shifted significantly towards the low-frequency direction（all P<0.05），with a decrease range of 2-5 Hz. MF decreased by an average of 4 Hz，while MPF decreased by an average of 3 Hz. It was determined that the muscles of S1，S4，and S5 did not show fatigue sign with significant strength decline，but they were already in the initial stage of fatigue. The 4 muscles of other workers did not show significant fatigue. Conclusion The sEMG signals of all workers were successfully measured and analyzed. The muscle fatigue of S1，S4，and S5 was early warned. The variation of RMS，MF，and MPF may be related to the contraction of individual muscle fibers，the recruitment and firing frequency of motor units，and the process of muscle fatigue. The quality control measures for sEMG measurement in the workplace were proposed，primary/secondary/tertiary prevention suggestions were put forward for the fatigued workers and the practical significance of on-site sEMG measurement in the workplace and the future development of fatigue measurement were discussed.
Objective To investigate the current status of role stress，work-leisure conflict and occupational burnout of nurses in the department of traditional Chinese medicine and analyze their correlation，explore the mediating role of work-leisure conflict between role stress and occupational burnout，and provide reference evidence for clinical improvement of occupational burnout of nurses in the department of traditional Chinese medicine and improvement of clinical nursing work efficiency. Methods Random sampling was used to survey traditional Chinese medicine nurses in 6 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Beijing from January to April 2025 using the role stress scale，work-leisure conflict scale，and occupational burnout scale，and the data were analyzed. Results The role stress scores of 179 nurses in the department of traditional Chinese medicine were （52.18±12.35）points，work-leisure conflict scores were （63.29±14.27）points，and occupational burnout scores were （62.53±13.82）points. Age，nursing professional title， total clinical nursing work hours，average monthly salary，average number of night shifts per month，and marital status were influencing factors of role stress，work-leisure conflict，and occupational burnout of nurses in the department of traditional Chinese medicine（all P<0.05）. The occupational burnout of nurses in the department of traditional Chinese medicine was positively correlated with role stress and work-leisure conflict（r=0.642，0.615，both P<0.01），and role stress was positively correlated with work-leisure conflict（r=0.622，P<0.01）. The work-leisure conflict of nurses in the department of traditional Chinese medicine played a partial mediating role between role stress and occupational burnout，with a mediating effect value of 0.316，accounting for 49.07% of the total effect. Conclusion Role stress and work-leisure conflict of nurses in the department of traditional Chinese medicine are closely related to job burnout，and work-leisure conflict plays a partial mediating role between role stress and job burnout. Hospital nursing management personnel should take measures to reduce the role stress and work-leisure conflict of nurses in the department of traditional Chinese medicine，ultimately reduce the level of job burnout and improve clinical nursing work efficiency.
Objective To establish a ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（SPE-UPLC-MS/MS） method for the determination of 12 triazine herbicides in drinking water. Methods Water samples were spiked with internal standards and extracted using Supelclean ENVI-Chrom P SPE cartridges，followed by detection via UPLC-MS/MS. Quantification was performed using the internal standard method. Results The 12 triazine herbicides exhibited good linearity in the range of 0.1 to 50.0 ng/mL（r≥0.999）. With a sample volume of 200 mL，the method detection limits（MDLs） for the 12 triazine herbicides ranged from 0.05 to 0.14 ng/L，and the method quantification limits（MQLs） ranged from 0.15 to 0.42 ng/L. For the three concentration levels（5，50，and 200 ng/L），the spike recovery rates ranged from 83.6% to 101.1% in pure water and from 85.6% to 100.4% in tap water. The relative standard deviations（RSDs） were 1.1%-4.3% and 1.0%-6.0%，respectively. Conclusion The established method is sensitive，reliable，and suitable for the detection of 12 triazine herbicides in drinking water.
Objective To intervene in mice with artificially synthesized sweetener aspartame，explore its effects on the intestinal barrier and intestinal microflora of mice，and provide a basis for the health effects of additives. Methods The mice were randomly divided into a solvent control（Ctrl） group and an aspartame（Asp） group，with 10 mice in each group. Asp group mice were administered orally at a dose of 80 mg/（kg·d），while Ctrl group mice were given an equal amount of distilled water once a day. After 2 months，HE staining was used to detect the pathological changes in mouse colon tissues. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of tight junction proteins in mouse colon tissue，including occludin and ZO-1.The effects of aspartame on mouse intestinal microflora were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Results The HE staining results showed that the colon tissue of Asp group mice showed erosion，incomplete mucosal epithelium，and a small amount of connective tissue proliferation，accompanied by scattered granulocyte infiltration，and a small amount of mucosal epithelial cell watery degeneration，and swelling of mucosal epithelial cells. The results of Western blot showed that compared with the Ctrl group，the expression levels of occludin and ZO-1 in the Asp group mice were reduced. The analysis of gut microbiota showed that aspartame reduced the α-diversity and β-diversity of gut microbiota. At the phylum level，compared with the Ctrl group，the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota in the Asp group mice increased，while the relative abundance of Verrucomimicrobiota decreased. At the family level，the relative abundance of Streptococcaceae increased in the Asp group mice，while the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014，Akkermansiaceae，and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010 decreased. At the genus level，the relative abundance of Peptostreptococcaceae in the intestines of Asp group mice increased，while the relative abundance of Clostridi_UCG-014，Akkermansia，and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010 decreased. Compared with the Ctrl group，the Asp group mice showed a decrease in the gut microbiota health index and an increase in the gut microbiota dysbiosis index. Conclusion Aspartame can cause damage to the intestinal barrier，and alter the intestinal microflora.
Objective To understand the characteristics of foodborne disease cases among students in Tianjin from 2015 to 2025，providing a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control policies for foodborne diseases among in-school students. Methods Through the Tianjin Foodborne Disease Surveillance and Reporting System，information on foodborne disease cases among students treated at sentinel hospitals in Tianjin from 2015 to 2025 was collected. Fecal specimens were obtained for specific pathogen detection，and the monitoring data were analyzed. Results From 2015 to 2025，a total of 3 428 foodborne disease cases among students were monitored in Tianjin，with a male-to-female ratio of 1.75 ∶ 1. The university group had the largest number of cases（1 024），and the high school group had the highest incidence rate（29.40/100 000）. Disease onset showed two peaks in June and September. There was a statistically significant difference in the quarterly distribution of cases across different educational stages（χ2=22.861，P<0.05）. The ring urban area had the most cases，and there was a statistically significant difference in the regional distribution of cases across different educational stages（χ2=230.676，P<0.05）. Suspected exposure food categories were primarily mixed foods and multiple foods（22.29%），processing and packagin methods were mainly from the catering service sector（30.69%），and food sources were mainly other categories（28.44%）. The overall pathogen detection rate was 8.93%，with norovirus showing the highest detection rate（11.81%），followed by Salmonella and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Differences in the distribution of different pathogens across exposure food categories and food source places were all statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Conclusion From 2015 to 2025，the incidence of foodborne diseases among students in Tianjin exhibited summer-autumn peaks，with a higher proportion of cases among high school students，and norovirus was the predominant pathogen. It is recommended to strengthen food safety supervision in the catering service sector and to conduct targeted education on foodborne disease prevention and control for students and food business operators around campuses.
Objective To analyze the occupational health literacy（OHL） level and influencing factors of key populations in Ningxia，and provide a theoretical basis for targeted intervention work. Methods From May to December 2022，a stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select front-line workers aged 16-59 from three industries in the secondary sector and five industries in the tertiary sector in Ningxia as the research subjects. The "Personal Questionnaire for Monitoring and Surveying Occupational Health Literacy of Key Populations Nationwide" was used to investigate their OHL levels，and SPSS 25.0 software was used for data organization and analysis. Results The total OHL level of 8 941 workers in Ningxia was 43.80%，the OHL level of the secondary industry was 53.68%，and the OHL level of the tertiary industry was 35.90%. The four-dimensional OHL levels were 35.02% for legal knowledge，78.52% for basic protective knowledge，33.64% for basic protective skills，and 57.13% for healthy working styles and behaviors. Logistic regression analysis showed that educational level，income level，scale and industry were independent influencing factors of OHL level among occupational population（all P<0.05）. The higher the educational level and income level，the higher the OHL level. The OHL level of workers in large and medium-sized enterprises was higher than that in small and micro enterprises. Conclusion The OHL level of key populations in Ningxia is at a relatively low level，and effective intervention measures need to be taken to further improve the OHL level of key occupational populations. Particular attention should be paid to health education and health promotion for workers with low educational attainment，low income levels，small and micro enterprises，and emerging industries.
Objective To explore the current status of young teachers' perceptions of transformational leadership，organizational climate，work autonomy，and organizational commitment in higher vocational colleges，and analyze the mediating roles of organizational climate and work autonomy. Methods From March 2025 to June 2025，a survey was conducted on in-service young teachers aged 45 and above from three vocational colleges in Tianjin City. The survey was conducted using a combination of online and offline questionnaire methods，using scales for transformational leadership，organizational climate，work autonomy，and organizational commitment. Data analysi. Methods involved reliability testing，correlation analysis，regression analysis，and mediation effect analysis. Results A total of 350 young teachers were surveyed，with a score of （82.35±12.48）points for perceived transformational leadership，（75.62±10.73）points for organizational climate，（43.47±11.29）points for work autonomy，and （84.18±13.02）points for organizational commitment. Perceived transformational leadership was significantly positively correlated with organizational commitment，organizational climate， and work autonomy（r=0.562，0.534，0.521，all P<0.01）. Organizational climate and work autonomy were significantly positively correlated with organizational commitment（r=0.615，0.648，both P<0.01）. The mediation effect analysis indicated that organizational climate and work autonomy partially mediated the relationship between perceived transformational leadership and organizational commitment，accounting for 41.24% of the total effect. Conclusion Young teachers in higher vocational colleges show relatively high levels of perceived transformational leadership，organizational climate，work autonomy，and organizational commitment. The findings support social exchange theory and psychological contract theory，highlighting that organizational climate and work autonomy，as psychosocial variables，play important mediating roles in the influence of leadership. Schools can enhance organizational commitment by strengthening leadership，fostering a positive organizational climate，and promoting teacher autonomy to meet teachers’ psychological needs.
Objective To investigate the source and transmission dynamics of a varicella zoster virus（VZV） outbreak in a psychiatric hospital in Tianjin，and to identify risk factors contributing to the epidemic. Methods Proactively search for all cases within the hospital that meet the definition of cases and conduct individual case investigations to analyze the distribution characteristics of cases during the epidemic，trace the infection source，and determine transmission routes. Results From February 12th to March 5th，2025，10 varicella cases were identified across two wards. Attack rates were 6.70% in Ward 1 and 2.63% in Ward 3. Gender-specific attack rates were 4.06%（male） and 1.92%（female），while rates by role were 3.00%（patients） and 3.85%（staff）. No statistically significant differences were observed in attack rates by ward，gender，or role（all P>0.05）. Epidemiological tracing identified an index case of herpes zoster（initially misdiagnosed as tinea cruris） in Ward 1 as the outbreak source，a case-control study revealed that using the toilet in the men's restroom in the affected ward was significantly associated with VZV infection（OR=10.261，95%CI：1.088-96.736，P<0.05）. Spread through contact to the three wards，leading to subsequent infections among patients in the same ward. Conclusion This investigation demonstrates that herpes zoster cases can propagate varicella outbreaks，with contact transmission serving as a key mode of spread in this institutional setting. Implementation of strict infection control measures and varicella vaccination programs are critical for outbreak prevention in hospitals.
Objective To preliminarily develop a work engagement scale for military logistics support personnel and test its reliability and validity，thereby providing an effective tool for measuring their work engagement levels. Methods The initial scale was developed based on literature review，semi-structured interviews，and expert consultations. A questionnaire survey was administered to 609 military logistics support personnel. Based on the collected data，SPSS 27.0 and AMOS 24.0 software were used for item analysis，exploratory factor analysis，confirmatory factor analysis，and reliability/validity tests. Results Exploratory factor analysis identified 24 items across 4 common factors，with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 75.942%. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that all fit indices met the standards，indicating a good model fit. The average variance extracted（AVE） for each dimension ranged from 0.717 0 to 0.740 2，and inter-dimension correlation coefficients were lower than the square roots of AVE values. The overall Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.964，with subscale coefficients ranging from 0.922 to 0.940. Conclusion The work engagement scale for military logistics support personnel developed in this study demonstrates good reliability and validity，making it a suitable measurement tool for assessing work engagement levels in this population.
Objective To investigate the current situation of sleep inertia among clinical shift nurses and analyze its influencing factors，in order to provide reference for developing targeted intervention measures in clinical practice to reduce the sleep inertia level of shift nurses. Methods From February to April 2025，a convenience sampling was used to select 840 shift nurses from three hospitals in Dazhou City，Sichuan Province as the research subjects. The general information questionnaire，sleep inertia questionnaire，perceived stress scale and perceived social support scale were used for the investigation，and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of shift nurses' sleep inertia was （69.14±16.30）points，and the score of perceived stress was （23.97±8.73）points，and the score of perceived social support was （50.18±13.11）points. The sleep inertia score of shift nurses was positively correlated with each dimension and total score of perceived stress（r=0.191-0.358，all P<0.01），and negatively correlated with each dimension and total score of perceived social support（r=-0.660--0.431，all P<0.01）. The results of regression analysis showed that the working years of shift nurses，the frequency of night shifts，the feeling of night shifts，the degree of impact of night shifts，perceived stress and perceived social support were all the influencing factors of sleep inertia（all P<0.05），which could explain 69.2% of the variation. Conclusion The sleep inertia phenomenon of shift nurses is relatively serious. Clinical nursing managers should focus on its influencing factors，accurately identify the risk population，formulate targeted intervention measures，alleviate the sleep inertia phenomenon，and promote the healthy development of the profession.
Objective To investigate the influence of self-compassion on depression among psychological counselors，and to explore the mediating roles of regulatory emotional self-efficacy and compassion fatigue，in order to provide reference for improving the depression status of psychological counselors and ensuring occupational mental health. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 312 psychological counselors from October to December 2024 using general information questionnaire，self-compassion scale，regulatory emotional self-efficacy scale，the Chinese version of compassion fatigue short scale and center for epidemiologic studies depression scale，and the data were analyzed. Results The self-compassion score[M（P25，P75）] was 44.00（41.00，49.00）points，the regulatory emotional self-efficacy score was 44.50（42.00，48.00）points，the compassion fatigue score was 23.00（17.00，30.00）points and the depression score was 8.00（5.00，10.00）points. The self-compassion was positively correlated with regulatory emotional self-efficacy（r>0，P<0.01），and negatively correlated with compassion fatigue and depression（r<0，both P<0.01）. The regulatory emotional self-efficacy was negatively correlated with compassion fatigue and depression（r<0，both P<0.01）. The compassion fatigue was positively correlated with depression（r>0，P<0.01）. There was a mediating effect of regulatory emotional self-efficacy and compassion fatigue between self-compassion and depression among psychological counselors， with a total indirect effect value of -0.195，accounting for 38.09% of the total effect. The mediating effect of compassion fatigue on depression accounts for 18.55%，and the chain mediating effect of regulatory emotional self-efficacy and compassion fatigue accounts for 9.96%. Conclusion Regulatory emotional self-efficacy and compassion fatigue of psychological counselors exert multiple mediating effects on the relationship between self-compassion and depression.
Objective To optimize the measurement method of total α and total β radioactivity levels in water，evaluate the uncertainty of the measurement method，and analyze the measurement results of total α and total β radioactivity in water in Xiushan County of Chongqing City in 2024. Methods The entire process of total α and total β radioactivity measurement in water was analyzed to determine the source and magnitude of uncertainty. The measurement results of total α and total β radioactivity in water from Xiushan County of Chongqing City in 2024 were analyzed. Results The lower limit of detection were 0.014 Bq/L for total α and 0.011 Bq/L for total β，with relative standard deviations of 7.29% and 6.88%，and average recoveries were 68.78% and 94.95%，respectively. The total α radioactivity concentration in drinking water in Xiushan County was LDα-0.15 Bq/L. There was a statistically significant difference between hot spring water and the other three types of water（F=41.060，P<0.05），while there was no statistically significant difference between the other three types of water（F=2.302，P>0.05）. The total β radioactivity concentration was 0.02-0.14 Bq/L. There was a statistically significant difference between hot spring water，tap water and mountain spring water（F=17.109，P<0.05），while there was a statistically significant difference between deep well water and tap water or mountain spring water（F=9.585，P<0.05）. Conclusion This method is simple to operate，and its precision，sensitivity，and accuracy meet the requirements for measuring the total α and total β radioactivity activity concentrations in water. It is suitable for measuring the total α and total β radioactive activity concentrations in water. The uncertainty mainly comes from sample net counting rate，counting efficiency，recovery rate and repeatability. In 2024，the total α and total β radioactivity levels in water in Xiushan County were both lower than the guidline values recommended by the national standards for drinking water.
Objective To analyze the concentration characteristics of trihalomethanes（THMs） in terminal tap water in Jiangyin City and evaluate the health risks associated with multi-pathway exposure，thereby providing a theoretical basis for ensuring drinking water safety in Jiangyin City. Methods From April 2023 to March 2025，terminal water samples were collected from various towns and subdistricts in Jiangyin City，and the concentrations of four THM species-chloroform（TCM），bromodichloromethane（BDCM），dibromochloromethane（DBCM），and bromoform（TBM） were measured. Health risks were assessed using the health risk model recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency（USEPA）. Results From April 2023 to March 2025，a total of 408 terminal water samples were collected. The detection rates of TCM，BDCM，DBCM，and TBM were 100.0%，99.8%，98.8%，and 12.5%，respectively，with compliance rates of 100% for all compounds. The total exposure carcinogenic risks of TCM and BDCM were within acceptable low-risk ranges，while the risks of DBCM and TBM were negligible. The non-carcinogenic risks of all four THMs were below 1. Conclusion Although the concentrations of the four THMs in terminal tap water of Jiangyin City were relatively low，continuous attention is warranted，particularly for TCM and BDCM. It is recommended to prioritize these compounds in future monitoring programs.
Objective To understand the status of water quality detection ability of centers for disease control and prevention（CDCs） at all levels in Tianjin，identify existing issues during the transition between the old and new national standards，and provide references for the enhancement of water quality detection ability. Methods A self-designed questionnaires were used to investigate the water quality detection ability of 17 CDCs in 2022，2023，and 2025，including 1 at the province level and 16 at the district level，and the data were analyzed. Results The provincial CDC maintained full analytical capability for all target parameters and holded valid China Metrology Accreditation（CMA）. District-level CDCs were categorized into three groups for analysis：urban districts（6），suburban districts（5），and outer suburban districts（5）. From 2022 to 2025，the M（P25，P75） values of regular indices detection capabilities for the three groups（urban districts，suburban districts，and outer suburban districts） increased from 38（36，39），38（35，39），and 38（35，39） to 41（38，41），41（41，42），and 41（39，42） items，respectively；The non-regular （expanded） indices detection capabilities increased from 1（1，4），2（1，11），and 1（1，16） to 10（6，31），19（10，27），and 15（8，26） items，respectively；And the full indices detection capabilities increased from 40（38，43），40（36，50），and 40（39，54） to 50（45， 72），62（51，68），and 57（48，67） items，respectively. For comparisons between groups within the same year，only the expanded indices detection capabilities in 2023 showed a statistically significant difference among the three groups（P<0.05）. For comparisons within the same group across different years，statistically significant differences were found in the availability rates of non-regular（expanded） and full indices for the urban districts group，in the availability rates of regular，non-regular（expanded） and full indices for the suburban districts group，and in the availability rates of non-regular（extended） and full indices for the outer suburban districts group（all P<0.05），while other differences were not statistically significant（all P>0.05）. There were not statistically significant differences in CMA（all P>0.05）. Four reasons for lack of detection ability were lack of equipment，lack of testing personnel，lack of standard products，and lack of reagents. Conclusion The development of water quality detection ability across various indices in Tianjin is relatively balanced. There was a significant improvement between 2022 and 2025，with current capabilities meeting the operational requirements for sanitary monitoring of drinking water. However，the capacity reserve and development of capabilities are weaker，and the proportion of CMA is also lower. It is recommended to secure funding support，undertake equipment renewal，and conduct technical training to ensure water quality detection ability for both regular indices and characteristic indices reflecting local water quality conditions. Efforts should also be made to progressively expand water quality detection ability for expanded indices and emerging contaminants，thereby strengthening the overall construction of water quality detection ability.
Objective To investigate the status of air pollution in Urumqi from 2020 to 2024，clarify the variation patterns of air pollutants and their key meteorological driving factors，and provide a scientific basis for air pollution control in Urumqi. Methods Data on the concentrations of major air pollutants such as sulfur dioxide（SO2），nitrogen dioxide（NO2），inhalable particulate matter（PM10），fine particulate matter（PM2.5），carbon monoxide（CO），ozone（O3），and changes in meteorological factors（temperature，humidity，air pressure，wind speed） in Urumqi from 2020 to 2024 were collected and statistically analyzed. Results From 2020 to 2024，the annual median concentrations of the major atmospheric pollutants in Urumqi were in the ranges of 18.00-26.00 μg/m3 for PM2.5，47.00-66.00 μg/m3 for PM10，0.40-0.70 mg/m3 for CO，5.00-8.00 μg/m3 for SO2，25.00-34.00 μg/m3 for NO2，and 85.50-95.00 μg/m3 for O3，showing an overall downward trend. These pollutants exhibited significant seasonal variations，with higher concentrations in winter and spring and lower concentrations in summer and autumn. PM2.5，PM10，CO and NO2 showed significant positive correlations with air pressure and humidity（all P<0.01），but significant negative correlations with atmospheric temperature and wind speed（all P<0.01）. By contrast，SO2 and O3 presented significant positive correlations with atmospheric temperature and wind speed（all P<0.01），while showing significant negative correlations with air pressure and humidity（all P<0.01）. Conclusion The air pollution situation in Urumqi improved significantly from 2020 to 2024，with the concentrations of major atmospheric pollutants showing an overall downward trend. There are significant correlations between the main pollutants and meteorological factors in Urumqi，and the research results can be used as a reference for formulating meteorological factor-based policies for air pollution control.
Objective To understand the core symptoms of depressive among college students in Guizhou Province and their relationship with coping styles，thereby providing evidence-based support for mental health interventions in universities. Methods From May to June 2023，4 379 undergraduate students from three universities in Guizhou were enrolled as survey subjects. A questionnaire survey was conducted using the patient health questionnaire and the simplified coping style questionnaire. Network analysis was employed to construct a network model of depressive symptoms and coping styles，calculating partial correlation coefficients and centrality indices to analyze their associations in detail. Results Strong bridging nodes were identified between depressive symptoms and coping styles. The strongest connections were observed between "Sleep difficulties" and "Using smoking，drinking，medication，or eating to relieve troubles" and between "Feelings of failure" and "Not taking problems too seriously"，with edge weights of 0.068 and -0.047，respectively. Centrality indices indicated that "Looking on the bright side of things" and "Feelings of failure" were the nodes with the highest strength centrality（both 1.15）. "Self-consolation" had the highest bridging strength（0.40），while "Seeking advice from relatives，friends，or classmates" had the highest betweenness centrality（126）. Conclusion Feelings of failure and lack of energy are the core depressive symptoms among college students in Guizhou，and there are functional pathways connecting them with coping styles. Targeting nodes with significant centrality indices for intervention may help alleviate depressive symptoms in this population.
Objective To analyze the burden of pneumoconiosis in a district of Beijing，and to provide reference for the prevention and control of pneumoconiosis. Methods The data of pneumoconiosis cases from 2003 to 2023 were collected from the Occupational Disease and Health Hazard Monitoring Information System. The disease burden was analyzed by disability-adjusted life year（DALY），years of life lost with premature death（YLL） and years of lived with disability（YLD）. Results Among the 161 cases of pneumoconiosis in a district of Beijing，154 were male，with an average age of （67.51±10.17）years，and 7 were female，with an average age of （80.29±10.86）years. The cumulative DALY loss was 583.80 person-years，and the M（QR） was 3.04（3.12） years. The cumulative YLD loss was 487.39 person-years，accounting for 83.49%. The cumulative YLL loss of 96.41 person-years，accounted for 16.51%. There were statistically significant differences in DALY among different diagnostic ages，diagnostic stages，disability grades，course of disease and date of diagnosis（H=45.034，32.613，68.024，47.561，66.285，all P<0.01）. The age of pneumoconiosis cases，the type of pneumoconiosis，the course of disease，the grade of disability，and the date of diagnosis were the influencing factors of pneumoconiosis disease burden（β=-0.408，-0.163，0.273，-0.215，-0.618，-0.338，-0.438，all P<0.05）. Conclusion The disease burden of pneumoconiosis in a district of Beijing shows a fluctuating trend. The disease burden is mainly caused by the disability caused by pneumoconiosis. It is necessary to strengthen the control of dust hazards in industries and enterprises，strengthen the occupational health protection of workers in dust posts，and reduce the disease burden of patients.
Objective To establish a scientific and reasonable evaluation system for laboratory biosafety management，analyze the differences in biosafety management levels among different regions，and propose systematic improvement strategies to enhance the governance efficiency of laboratory biosafety. Methods The analytic hierarchy process（AHP） was adopted to construct an evaluation index system，which was divided into 3 levels，including 3 first-level indicators，10 second-level indicators，and 40 third-level indicators. The weights of the indicators were determined through system decomposition，pairwise comparison matrices，and consistency check（CI） to ensure the scientificity and applicability of the evaluation system. From April 9th to 15th，2025，this system was used to assess the current status of biosafety management in laboratories of 11 cities in Shanxi Province，identifying the main shortcomings and influencing factors. Results The study confirmed that the AHP method could construct a scientific and reasonable evaluation index system for laboratory biosafety management. Empirical analysis showed that the development of biosafety management in laboratories in different regions was unbalanced，with the comprehensive scores of laboratory biosafety management in various cities ranging from 76.52 to 92.70. Among them，the management of facilities and equipment was relatively balanced and at a relatively high level across all cities，but there were significant differences in the scores of safety emergency management，personnel management，and other indicators，showing a phenomenon of "emphasizing hardware over management". Further analysis revealed that the regional differences in second-level indicators reflecting management capabilities，such as risk control and personnel management，and third-level indicators such as high-pathogenicity pathogen strain or sample transportation certificates and personnel training were prominent，exposing deficiencies in the implementation of systems and daily management. Conclusion The AHP method is suitable for laboratory biosafety evaluation，but attention should be paid to the possible bias caused by the subjective cognition of decision-makers. In response to management shortcomings，it is recommended to strengthen the construction of a standardized system，improve risk assessment and emergency mechanisms，optimize personnel management and health monitoring，and innovate supervision and regional collaboration mechanisms. Future research should increase the proportion of field investigations，further refine evaluation indicators，and deeply explore the implementation effects of improvement strategies to build a more comprehensive biosafety management system.
Objective To understand the facilities，personnel configuration of vaccination clinics，and influencing factors on the daily workload per vaccination doctor in Gansu Province，identify shortcomings，and provide a basis for optimizing resource allocation and improving service quality. Methods From September 2022 to December 2023，36 vaccination clinics were randomly selected from six prefecture-level cities in Gansu Province using stratified sampling based on economic development levels. Structured questionnaires and face-to-face interviews were conducted with clinic managers and vaccination staff to collect data on facility configuration，service provision，and human resources. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to analyze the influencing factors of daily workload per vaccination doctor. Results A total of 36 vaccination units were surveyed，with public units being the main units（88.89%）. There were 192 vaccinated staff，among whom a relatively high proportion were women，accounting for 78.12%，51.56% were temporary hires，and 52.08% had junior professional titles. The service radius M（P25，P75） of the vaccination unit was 8.00（5.00，15.00）km，which was shorter in urban than in rural areas. The configuration of hardware facilities such as waiting chairs，vaccination stations，computers，and printers was significantly better in urban units than in rural units（all P<0.05）. The daily workload per vaccination doctor M（P25，P75） was 18.31（7.81，37.31）doses. Multivariate analysis showed that service population ≥50 000（B=33.621），vaccination staff ratio 0-<1/100 000（B=21.154），and monthly vaccination service cycle（B=28.770） were the main influencing factors on workload（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The facilities and human resources of vaccination clinics in Gansu Province can meet local needs，and the number of service population，vaccination staff ratio，and service frequency are the main factors influencing the workload of vaccination doctors. In response to the issues of uneven urban-rural resource allocation and suboptimal workforce structure，it is recommended to dynamically allocate resources based on service demands and stabilize the grassroots workforce，so as to optimize the quality of vaccination services.
Objective To understand the quality control assessment of chest X-ray films of occupational health examination institutions in Guangzhou City from 2022 to 2024 and analyze its related influencing factors. Methods Totally 96 occupational medical examination（OME） organizations in Guangzhou were selected as study subjects for on-site quality assessment and quality control assessment of chest X-ray films of dust-exposed personnel from 2022 to 2024. Results A total of 96 OME institutions were sampled from 2022 to 2024，including 52 public hospitals and 44 private hospitals，and a total of 682 corrective actions were detected. Among them，the OME institutions that did not meet the requirements of organizational structure，quality control of OME work，quality management system，and reporting requirements of health examination information were 14，57，19 and 6，respectively. The correct rate of chest X-ray examination of total dust-exposed persons was 90.4%（3 940/4 358）. OME institutions with non-compliant organizational structure and unqualified pneumoconiosis reading staff had higher rates of non-compliance in dust catching quality control than their corresponding compliant groups，respectively（χ2=4.731，4.731，both P<0.05）. Public hospitals had lower rates of non-compliance in organizational structure and quality control of OME work than private hospitals（χ2=14.598， 13.701， both P<0.05）. The non-compliance rate of reporting health examination information in OME institutions with late or omission of suspected occupational disease reporting was higher than that of the normal reporting of suspected occupational diseases group（χ2=13.937，P<0.05）. The risk of substandard quality of dust catching results was higher in OME institutions with non-compliant organizational structure and unqualified pneumoconiosis reader assessment than in those with compliant organizational structure and qualified pneumoconiosis reader assessment（both P<0.05）. Conclusion The quality control of chest X-ray radiographs in OME institutions in Guangzhou needs to be improved. Improving organizational structure and enhancing the ability of pneumoconiosis reading staff can help improve the quality of chest X-rays of dust exposed personnel.
During aerial operations，pilots are required to remain a high level of alertness and continuous focus for extended periods to effectively cope with multiple overload factors such as high-altitude radiation，low-pressure hypoxia，noise，and vibration，which puts higher demands on pilots' dietary nutrition. By reviewing relevant domestic and international research literature，this paper finds that pilots generally face issues including unreasonable dietary structure，unbalanced intake of energy and nutrients，and deficiency of various micronutrients. Meanwhile，they also confront problems such as the high incidence of metabolism-related diseases，and frequent occurrences of overweight and excessive body fat percentage. On this basis，the paper further explores the key factors affecting the quality and effectiveness of pilots' nutritional support，and proposes five countermeasures：strengthening publicity and education，enhancing cooking training，accelerating food research and development，conducting nutritional intervention，and persisting in dietary surveys. The purpose is to provide references and suggestions for improving pilots' nutritional status，enhancing their health level，and ensuring flight safety.
Pneumoconiosis is an occupational disease caused by long-term exposure to silica-based dust in the workplace，leading to dust retention in the lungs，persistent inflammatory responses，and ultimately pulmonary fibrosis through prolonged pathological accumulation. The human gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem that plays a crucial role in metabolism，immunity，and overall health. Patients with pneumoconiosis often exhibit gut microbiota dysbiosis and associated immune-inflammatory responses. The disrupted microbiota and its metabolites can influence the distal pulmonary environment via the gut-lung axis through mechanisms such as bloodstream circulation and immune regulation，exacerbating lung inflammation and accelerating pulmonary fibrosis. Intervention strategies targeting the gut microbiota show promising therapeutic potential，offering novel perspectives for the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis. This review summarizes recent advances in microbial characteristics，underlying mechanisms，and interventional strategies based on domestic and international research，with the aim of providing valuable insights for future studies.
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