Objective To understand the current situation of job burnout of colorectal surgery nurses in Shenyang City，and analyze the relationship between job burnout，psychological flexibility and sense of decent work. Methods In August to December 2024，a purposive sampling method was used to select colorectal surgery nurses from three tertiary hospitals in Shenyang City. A questionnaire survey was conducted using general information questionnaire，occupational burnout scale，psychological flexibility scale，and decent work sense scale，and the data were analyzed. Results The psychological flexibility score of 246 colorectal surgery nurses was （27.24±2.90）points，the sense of decent work score was （43.79±10.06）points，and the score of job burnout was （50.17±6.51）points. Pearson test showed that the job burnout of colorectal surgery nurses was negatively correlated with psychological flexibility and sense of decent work（r=-0.866，-0.769，both P<0.01），while psychological flexibility was positively correlated with sense of decent work（r=0.812，P<0.01）. Education level（B=0.564，95%CI：0.317-0.811），monthly income（B=-0.439，95%CI：-0.744- -0.134），psychological flexibility（B=-1.036，95%CI：-0.934--1.138） and sense of decent work（B=-0.329，95%CI：-0.367--0.29） were the influencing factors of job burnout of colorectal surgery nurses（all P<0.05），accounting for 74.4% of the total variance. Conclusion The occupational burnout of colorectal surgery nurses in Shenyang City is relatively high. Nursing managers should focus on improving nurses' psychological flexibility and sense of decent work to alleviate their occupational burnout.
Objective To understand the survival status and risk factors of occupational pneumoconiosis patients in a district of Tianjin City from 1983 to 2023，providing a basis for formulating pneumoconiosis prevention and control strategies. Methods Survival data for 360 occupational pneumoconiosis patients in a district of Tianjin City from 1983 to 2023 were obtained through the pneumoconiosis follow-up management system and the cause-of-death database. Joinpoint regression analysis analyze trends in case numbers and annual percentage changes（APC）. The survival rate was calculated using the life table method，the Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the survival curves of each group，and the COX proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the influencing factors. Results From 1983 to 2019，the number of occupational pneumoconiosis cases in a district of Tianjin City showed an increasing trend（APC=5.45%，P<0.05），while from 2019 to 2023，it exhibited a decreasing trend（APC=-51.41%，P<0.05）. The median survival time for patients was 155 months. The survival curves of pneumoconiosis patients stratified by the following factors showed statistically significant differences（all P<0.05）：work injury insurance status（presence/absence），pneumoconiosis type（silicosis/other types），complications（presence/absence），and age at initial diagnosis（≥60，50-<60，40-<50，0-<40 years）. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that patients without work injury insurance had a 3.766 fold higher risk of death compared to those with insurance，the mortality risk for patients aged 40-<50，50-<60，and ≥60 years at initial diagnosis was 4.174， 8.641，and 63.625 fold higher，respectively，compared to those aged 0-<40 years at initial diagnosis，patients with complications had a mortality risk 2.888 times higher than those without complications. Conclusion The survival time of pneumoconiosis patients is influenced by the age at initial diagnosis，comorbidities，and the presence of workers' compensation insurance. Early diagnosis and treatment，along with occupational health surveillance for elderly dust-exposed workers，are particularly crucial.
Objective To comprehensively evaluate the occupational disease hazard factors and their degree，the impact on workers' health and occupational health management in the workplace of a special equipment manufacturing enterprise in Tianjin，point out the main problems，and put forward measures and suggestions. Methods According to the characteristics of occupational hazards in a special equipment manufacturing enterprise，through the retrospective analysis of the survey data，the exposure level of occupational hazards，occupational disease prevention and protection and occupational health management of the workers in the enterprise were comprehensively understood. Results The occupational hazard factors in the production of the special equipment manufacturing enterprise mainly included noise，welding dust，grinding wheel dust，nitrogen oxide，ozone and so on. In this test，there were 35 individual noise samples，81 fixed-point noise samples，67 individual chemical hazard samples，and 94 fixed-point chemical hazard samples. The individual noise measurement results of welders and riveters exceeded 85 dB（A），and the workplace noise measurements up to 104.0 dB（A）. The highest detection result of grinding wheel dust was 9.7 mg/m3，the highest detection result of electric welding dust was 11.5 mg/m3，and the detection results of other chemical harmful factors and physical factors were in line with the requirements of national occupational health limits. Conclusion The special equipment manufacturing enterprise has a certain mechanized and automated production process，and the occupational hazard factors are mainly concentrated in welding，grinding，cutting，painting and other operations. It is suggested to strengthen the maintenance and rational use of ventilation and purification devices，track the results of occupational health examination of workers in time，urge workers to wear personal protective equipment correctly，and further improve the level of occupational health management.
Objective To understand the level of psychological resilience，occupational stress and depression symptoms of front-line workers in the thermal power generation industry in Shanxi Province，analyze the mediating effect of psychological resilience between occupational stress and depression symptoms，so as to provide a scientific basis for improving the physical and mental health of workers. Methods From 2023 to 2024，according to a multi-stage sampling method，a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 899 frontline workers from 2 large enterprises，4 medium-sized enterprises，and 12 small-sized enterprises in the thermal power generation industry in Shanxi Province using the Connor-Davidson resilience scale（CD-RISC-10），the core occupational stress scale（COSS），and the patient health questionnaire（PHQ-9），and the data were analyzed. Results The psychological resilience score[M（P25，P75）] of 899 survey subjects was 29（23，33）points. The occupational stress score[M（P25，P75）] was 40（36，47）points，and the detection rate of occupational stress was 16.69%（150/899）. The score of depressive symptoms was 6（4，9）points，and the detection rate of depressive symptoms was 66.52%（598/899），consisting of mild cases accounting for 48.16%（433/899），moderate 13.46%（121/899），moderate-severe 4.12%（37/899） and severe 0.78%（7/899）. The psychological resilience scores of frontline workers with different genders，actual average monthly income（yuan），respiratory symptoms（such as cough，chest pain，shortness of breath，etc.），proactive acquisition of health knowledge，weekly physical exercise，and satisfaction with unit welfare were compared，and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. The comparison of the detection rates of occupational stress among frontline workers of different genders，actual average monthly income（yuan），average weekly working hours（h），night shift work，shift work，respiratory symptoms（such as cough，chest pain，shortness of breath，etc.），proactive acquisition of health knowledge，and satisfaction with unit welfare showed statistically significant differences（all P<0.05）. The differences in the detection rates of depression symptoms among frontline workers with different education levels，average weekly working hours（h），alcohol consumption，respiratory symptoms（such as cough，chest pain，shortness of breath，etc.），active access to health knowledge，weekly physical exercise，and satisfaction with unit welfare were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. The psychological resilience of front-line workers in the thermal power generation industry was negatively correlated with occupational stress（r=-0.301，P<0.01），psychological resilience was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms（r=-0.434，P<0.01），and occupational stress was positively correlated with depressive symptoms（r=0.475，P<0.01）. The psychological resilience of front-line workers in the thermal power generation industry had a significant mediating effect on occupational stress and depressive symptoms，with a mediating effect value of 0.041，accounting for 17.60% of the total effect. Conclusion The detection rate of depressive symptoms in front-line workers in the thermal power generation industry in Shanxi Province is high，and psychological resilience has a partial mediating effect between occupational stress and depressive symptoms. Improving the psychological resilience level of frontline workers in the thermal power generation industry can help reduce their occupational stress and depression symptoms.
Objective To investigate the effect of protective lung ventilation in the application of whole-lung lavage in patients with pneumoconiosis，and provide reference for reducing intraoperative lung injury. Methods A total of 121 patients who underwent elective large-volume whole-lung lavage in Beidaihe Rehabilitation Institution of Ministry of Emergency Management from March to July 2023 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into two groups. The control group consisted of 60 patients who received conventional mechanical ventilation，while the study group consisted of 61 patients who received protective mechanical ventilation. The mechanics indexes such as peak airway pressure，dynamic lung compliance，expiratory resistance，and respiratory work were measured and recorded for each time point before and after single-lung lavage，after double-lung lavage，and before extubation in both groups. Hemodynamic indexes such as mean arterial pressure and heart rate were monitored，and arterial blood gas analysis was performed to obtain oxygen partial pressure and carbon dioxide partial pressure. By comparing and analyzing the changes in these physiological parameters，the pathological and physiological status of patients at different time points could be comprehensively evaluated. These data helped doctors adjust treatment plans in a timely manner to improve patients' rehabilitation outcomes. The pulmonary function indexes，such as maximum ventilation volume（MVV），forced vital capacity（FVC），forced expiratory volume in one second（FEV1.0） and flow during forced expiration of 75% to 25%（FEF75/25） were measured before and on the second day after surgery，and the occurrence of postoperative complications was observed. Results At the three time points after single-lung lavage，after double-lung lavage，and before extubation，the PO2 and dynamic lung compliance indexes in the observation group were （381.62±41.68），（384.20±30.78），（393.98±41.54）mmHg and （34.82±2.82），（34.49±3.77），（38.54±3.29）mL/cmH2O，respectively，which were significantly higher than those in the control group[（363.58±48.79），（364.07±37.50），（367.65±35.23）mmHg，（32.80±4.22），（29.32±2.95），（32.85±4.07）mL/cmH2O]，while the indexes of peak airway pressure，respiratory work，and expiratory resistance in the observation group were （23.88±3.07），（31.80±3.40），（26.28±3.06）cmH2O，（1.47±0.28），（1.76±0.38），（1.50±0.27）J，（19.69±3.36），（22.64±2.70），（19.03±2.79）cmH2O（L·S），respectively，which were significantly lower than those in the control group[（26.37±2.93），（33.05±2.97），（29.67±3.92）cmH2O，（1.63±0.44），（2.01±0.73），（1.97±0.35）J，（23.52±3.14），（25.57±2.84），（22.42±3.41）cmH2O（L·S）]，with statistically significant differences（all P<0.05）. There were no statistically significant differences in hemodynamic indexes between the two groups（all P>0.05）. On the second day after surgery，the pulmonary function indexes of the study group and the control group，including MVV，FVC，FEV1.0，and FEF75/25 showed significant improvement compared to preoperative levels，with statistically significant differences（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The protective lung ventilation strategy can reduce peak airway pressure and respiratory work，alleviate lung injury，improve oxygenation，and reduce postoperative complications，which is safe and effective in the application of whole-lung lavage.
Objective To establish a dual-fluorescence reverse transcription droplet digital polymerase chain reaction（RT-ddPCR） quantitative detection method for the epidemic determination of Norovirus（GⅠ and GⅡ） outbreaks in schools. Methods Based on the samples of the Norovirus epidemic in schools，primers and probes were selected，the reaction system was optimized，the appropriate annealing temperature and detection range were determined，and a dual fluorescence RT-ddPCR quantitative detection method for Norovirus was established. Results The annealing temperature of the method was 58 ℃ with a linear range of 5.0-1.0×104 copies/μL. The correlation coefficient was 0.998，the limit of detection was 2.0 copies/μL，the limit of quantification was 5.0 copies/μL，and the relative standard deviation（RSD） was 2.1%-21.5%. Conclusion The RT-ddPCR quantitative detection method for the Norovirus has the advantages of strong specificity，high sensitivity and low detection limit，which is suitable for the quantitative determination of Norovirus（GⅠ and GⅡ） epidemic in schools.
Objective To evaluate the safety of Penthorum chinense-Longan milk tablet and their intervention effects on type Ⅱ diabetic mice，so as to provide a reference for the development of functional food. Methods From May 1-7，2024，a 7-day acute toxicity tests were conducted on 30 healthy SPF Kunming mice. The mice were randomly divided into an experimental group（n=15） and a control group（n=15）. The experimental group was given a daily gavage of a milk tablet solution equivalent to 0.05 g/kg of Penthorum chinense-Longan（equivalent to 8 g/60 kg daily intake for adults based on body surface area），while the control group was given regular feeding. The body weight，various system symptoms，and survival rate were tested to evaluate the safety of the product. From May 8 to June 7，2024，the efficacy verification experiment of 30 day intragastric administration was carried out. 10 normal Kunming mice and 10 db/db type II diabetes mice were randomly divided into experimental group（n=5） and control group（n=5），a total of 4 groups. The experimental group was given 0.3 mL of milk tablet solution by gavage daily（1.8 g milk tablets dissolved in 10 mL of water），while the control group was given routine feeding. Core biochemical indicators such as total protein，albumin，globulin，and blood glucose，as well as changes in body weight，were measured. Results In the acute toxicity test，no abnormal behaviors or mortality were observed in the experimental group. Body weight gain showed no significant difference compared to the control group，with a 100.0% survival rate. In the efficacy validation experiment，after 30 days of intervention，the total protein of normal mice significantly increased by 23.7%（56.93 vs 70.40 g/L，t=5.242，P<0.05），albumin increased by 32.0%（25.0 vs 33.0 g/L，t=6.15，P<0.05），and the blood glucose temporarily increased to 5.28 mmol/L（t=9.491，P<0.01），still lower than the threshold of diabetes. For db/db type Ⅱ diabetic mice，it completely inhibited 61.3% protein loss in the control group（from 14.10 to 57.37 g/L，Finteraction=121.58，P<0.01），increased the globulin by 10.8%（34.23 vs 37.93 g/L，t=3.424，P<0.05），maintained blood glucose homeostasis（t=1.123，P>0.05），and avoided the dangerous hypoglycemia（1.4 mmol/L，t=-4.021，P<0.05） observed in the control group. Conclusion The Penthorum chinense-Longan milk tablet demonstrates excellent safety. Through synergistic mechanisms-Penthorum chinense flavonoids inhibiting muscle protein degradation and longan polysaccharides/milk powder promoting protein synthesis，the product significantly improve the disorder of protein metabolism and maintain glycemic homeostasis in type II diabetic mice. This formulation embodies the traditional Chinese medicine theory of "liver-spleen dual regulation" and provides an innovative strategy for the intervention of metabolic syndrome that combines safety and functionality. It holds substantial potential as a functional food for alleviating diabetes-related metabolic abnormalities.
Objective To analyze the pathogenic spectrum of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in retail food products in Pudong New Area of Shanghai City in 2023，and provide scientific basis for risk assessment and prevention control of foodborne pathogens in food. Methods In 2023，a total of 111 food samples were systematically collected on a monthly basis from six designated surveillance sites within Pudong New Area of Shanghai City，encompassing markets and supermarkets. According to the GB 4789 "National Food Safety Standard for Microbiological Examination of Food" and other testing methods，the collected samples were tested and analyzed for seven foodborne pathogens including Salmonella，Clostridium perfringens，and Listeria monocytogenes. Results The contamination rate of foodborne pathogens in commercially available food in Pudong New Area of Shanghai City in 2023 was 29.80%（397/1 332）. Vibrio parahaemolyticus，Listeria monocytogenes，and Clostridium perfringens were identified as the predominant pathogenic bacteria. Poultry meat was the most contaminated（81/144，56.25%），followed by shellfish（64/144， 44.44%） and livestock meat（91/216，42.13%）. There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of detection rates among different months（χ2=60.411，P<0.01），with the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria from June to September being significantly higher than that in other months. However，no statistically significant difference was observed in detection rates of pathogenic bacteria across different sampling locations（χ2=10.406，P>0.05）. The dominant serotypes of Salmonella were Salmonella Enteritidis， Salmonella London，Salmonella Typhimurium，and Salmonella Kentucky. Conclusion The contamination rate of foodborne pathogens in commercially available foods in Pudong New Area of Shanghai City is relatively high，with a diverse pathogen spectrum，indicating weak links in microbial control during the food distribution process. It is necessary to continue to strengthen the supervision of commercially available foods，persistently monitor the dynamic spectrum of pathogenic bacteria，and adjust prevention and control strategies in a timely manner. For high-risk food categories，stricter regulatory measures should be implemented to reduce the transmission risk of pathogens. Public health education must also be intensified to enhance consumers' awareness of preventing foodborne pathogens.
Objective To analyze the effects of curcumin on cognitive function，anxiety like behavior，and synaptic protein expression in hippocampal tissue of sleep deprived mice，and explore the mechanism by which curcumin improves cognitive impairment and anxiety like behavior caused by sleep deprivation. Methods Establish a sleep deprivation mouse model using the "improved platform water environment" experimental method，which was divided into four groups：normal group，model group，curcumin group，and Western medicine intervention group. Curcumin group：gavage of curcumin 200 mg/kg/d. Western medicine intervention group：gavage of zolpidem 0.54 mg/kg/d. Normal group and model group：daily gavage of equal volume of physiological saline. Continuous processing for 21 days. Analysis of cognitive function in mice using water maze experiment，the open field experiment was used to detect anxiety like behavior in mice，quantification of melatonin content in mouse serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay，Western blot was used to evaluate the relative values of synaptic proteins in hippocampal tissue，including postsynaptic membrane dense substance 95（PSD-95），synaptophysin（SYN），and brain-derived neurotrophic factor（BDNF）. Results Compared with the normal group，the escape latency[（43.07±6.26）s] of model group mice was prolonged，and the number of platform crossings[（9.70±1.89）times] was reduced（both P<0.01）. The number of upright movements[（27.48±3.32）times] and the total distance traveled[（7 038.90±912.62）cm] significantly increased（both P<0.01），while the resting time[（19.12±2.28）s] was obviously shortened（P<0.01）. The levels of melatonin[（35.15±4.84）ng/L] in serum and the relative values of synaptic-related proteins[PSD-95（1.14±0.23），SYN（1.38±0.23），and BDNF（0.69±0.10）] in hippocampal tissue were all reduced（all P<0.01）. Compared with the model group，the escape latency of mice in curcumin group was shortened[（31.66±4.18）s]，and the number of crossing platforms was increased[（18.96±2.60）times]（both P<0.01）. The number of upright movements[（21.48±3.01）times] and total distance traveled[（5 445.85±737.16）cm] were obviously reduced（both P<0.01），while the resting time[（25.63±3.46）s] was obviously increased（both P<0.01）. The levels of melatonin（43.25±6.27）ng/L） in serum and the relative values of synaptic-related proteins[PSD-95（1.48±0.21），SYN（1.75±0.23），and BDNF（0.90±0.13）] in hippocampal tissue increased（all P<0.05）. There were no statistically significant differences in cognitive function，anxiety like behavior，serum melatonin content，and relative values of synaptic proteins in the hippocampus between curcumin group and Western medicine intervention group（all P>0.05）. Conclusion Curcumin can improve cognitive function and anxiety like behavior in sleep deprived mice，which is closely related to its increased content of synaptic-related proteins in hippocampal tissue.
Objective To understand the quality and safety of bulk-packaged Baijiu in Luzhou City，and provide a scientific basis for standardized production and regulation. Methods A total of 216 bulk Baijiu samples were collected from 7 districts and counties in Luzhou in 2024. Methanol，cyanide，lead，artificial sweeteners（sodium cyclamate，saccharin sodium，sucralose，acesulfame potassium，neotame），dibutyl phthalate（DBP），di（2-ethylhexyl） phthalate（DEHP），and diethyl phthalate（DEP） were determined using the methods specified in GB 2757-2012 "National Food Safety Standard Distilled Liquor and Compound Wine". 8 flavor substances namely ethyl acetate，ethyl butyrate，ethyl hexanoate，ethyl lactate，n-propanol，phenethyl alcohol，acetic acid，and hexanoic acid were detected according to GB/T 10345-2022 "Method of Analysis for Baijiu". The Spearman method was used to analyze the correlation between flavor substance content and product price. Results The overall non-compliance rate of the samples was 6.02%，with the non-compliance items being sucralose（0.46%），neotame（3.70%），and DBP（5.09%）. Flavor analysis showed that the contents of ethyl acetate，ethyl lactate，ethyl hexanoate，acetic acid，and hexanoic acid were positively correlated with price（all P<0.01），while n-propanol was negatively correlated with price（P<0.01）. Conclusion The overall quality and safety of bulk-packaged Baijiu in Luzhou City is good. It is recommended to continuously strengthen the quality and safety supervision of bulk Baijiu，focusing on the pollution risk of artificial sweeteners and phthalates.
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in Binzhou City from 2019 to 2023，and to provide a basis for the development of preventive and control measures in Binzhou City. Methods The foodborne disease surveillance data of Binzhou City from 2019 to 2023 were collected and collated from the National Foodborne Disease Surveillance System，and statistical analyses were conducted using descriptive epidemiological methods to derive the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in the region. Results A total of 81 982 foodborne disease cases were reported in Binzhou City from 2019 to 2023，with a 5-year average incidence rate of 418.25/100 000. The number of male cases was higher than that of females，and the ratio of the number of male to female cases was 1.05 ∶ 1. The age of onset of the disease was predominantly middle-aged and elderly people aged 45-<75 years（39 485 cases，48.16%）. The occupation was predominantly farmers（59 990 cases，73.17%）. The affected areas were mainly concentrated in Zouping City，with 28 879 cases，accounting for 35.23%. The onset time was concentrated from May to September，and the highest number of reported cases in the third quarter was 28 108，accounting for 34.29%. The main clinical symptoms were digestive system symptoms in 81 673 cases，accounting for 99.62%. The main types of exposed food were fruits and their products in 23 377 cases，accounting for 28.52%. The processing site of exposed food was mainly home-made（36 576 cases，44.62%），the eating place was mainly home-based（75 884 cases，92.66%）. Conclusion Binzhou City should carry out targeted publicity，education，and monitoring based on the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases to reduce their occurrence.
Objective To analyze the mortality rate，premature death probability and trends of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among registered residents in Yancheng City from 2009 to 2024，providing foundational data for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Yancheng City. Methods Mortality data for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among registered residents in Yancheng City from 2009 to 2024 were analyzed using the Joinpoint regression model and formulas related to premature death probability，and key indicators included the average annual percentage change（AAPC） in mortality，premature death probability，average growth rate，and predicted values. Results In 2024，cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases caused 22 669 deaths among registered residents in Yancheng City，accounting for 35.94% of total deaths，with 35.95% increase compared to 2009. The age-standardized mortality rate decreased from 189.84/100 000 in 2009 to 124.47/100 000 in 2024（AAPC=-2.35%，t=-3.356，P<0.01）. The age-specific mortality rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Yancheng City from 2009 to 2024 was positively correlated with age. The overall premature death probability declined from 4.63% in 2009 to 2.84% in 2024（AAPC=-3.44%，t=-14.123，P<0.01）. To achieve the "Healthy China 2030" target for male populations，an additional 0.11% reduction in premature death probability was required. Conclusion From 2009 to 2024，the standardized mortality rate and premature death probability for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Yancheng City demonstrate downward trends. However，the overall mortality rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in high-risk elderly populations is relatively high. Therefore，it is necessary to further strengthen the comprehensive prevention and control of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in high-risk elderly populations，and carry out targeted risk factor interventions to reduce the mortality rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Objective To understand the current status of tobacco dependence and its influencing factors among male smokers aged ≥15 years in Chengdu，providing a basis for targeted smoking cessation interventions. Methods Using data from the 2024 Chengdu Adult Tobacco Surveillance，6 920 residents aged ≥15 years were selected using probability proportional to size sampling combined with simple random sampling. A total of 1 697 male current smokers were included in the analysis. Statistical analyses，including Rao-Scott χ2 tests and multivariate Logistic regression accounting for the complex sampling design were performed. Results The current smoking rate among males was 40.56%. The prevalence of tobacco dependence was 41.10%，and the prevalence of severe tobacco dependence was 10.7%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that workers in agriculture， forestry，animal husbandry，fishery，and water conservancy（OR=1.431，95%CI：1.005-2.038），smoking ≥30 cigarettes per day（OR=2.636，95%CI：1.118-6.215），inadequate awareness of tobacco hazards[unawareness（OR=1.831，95%CI：1.038-3.248） and partial awareness（OR=1.545，95%CI：1.070-2.232）]，and exposure to secondhand smoke（OR=1.910，95%CI：1.230-2.966） were risk factors for tobacco dependence. Smoking ≥30 cigarettes per day（OR=41.043，95%CI：15.250-110.464） and Inadequate awareness of tobacco hazards[unawareness（OR=36.889，95%CI：10.669-127.552） and partial awareness（OR=7.833，95%CI：2.704-22.688）] were significant risk factors for severe tobacco dependence（all P<0.05）. Conclusions Tobacco dependence among male smokers aged ≥15 years in Chengdu is significantly influenced by occupation，smoking quantity， secondhand smoke exposure，and awareness of tobacco hazards. Therefore，tobacco control interventions targeting key populations should be implemented，alongside strengthening tobacco control intervention and propaganda，smoke-free environment construction， and improving the accessibility of smoking cessation services.
Objective To assess the awareness rate of tuberculosis（TB） prevention and control knowledge，the acceptance of health education，and the current status of TB-related beliefs and behaviors among residents aged 15 and above in pilot communities for Zero Tuberculosis Community in Wuxi City，and provide references for further optimizing grassroots TB prevention and control strategies. Methods From March to May 2024，a questionnaire survey was conducted among residents aged 15 and above in pilot area of Zero Tuberculosis Community in Wuxi City using a multistage random sampling method. The questionnaire covered sociodemographic characteristics，chronic disease prevalence，core knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control，and health education participation. Single factor analysis was conducted on the awareness rate using a chi square test，multivariate Logistic regression models and decision tree models were employed to analyze factors influencing the awareness rate. Results The overall awareness rate of tuberculosis prevention and control information was 55.97%. Awareness of TB transmission routes（80.38%），TB suspicious symptoms（88.30%） and designated TB medical institutions（81.85%） showed relatively higher single-item awareness rates， while awareness of TB transmission prevention methods was only 7.07%. The univariate analysis revealed that gender，age，educational level，annual household income，occupation，history of chronic diseases，and health education were all associated with residents' health knowledge awareness rate（χ2=45.997，14.832，128.799，80.229，183.812，9.020，295.942，all P<0.05）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that female gender，age ≥35 years，educational attainment at primary school level or above，annual household income ≥60 000 yuan，healthcare，education，government employees or retirees，presence of chronic diseases，and received health education were protective factors for awareness（all P<0.05）. Decision tree models showed that health education was the most significant factor affecting awareness，in addition to age，education level，occupation，income，and chronic diseases，which were also related factors affecting awareness. 59.18% of respondents had received health education，mainly through television（62.10%），and print media（52.30%），and radio（47.05%）. Preferred health education channels included radio/television/movies/audiovisual materials（56.75%），websites/WeChat/Weibo/short video apps（41.87%），and posters/bulletin boards/blackboard newspapers/display boards/wall slogans（41.03%）. The overall correct rate of belief and behavior regarding TB prevention and control among residents in Wuxi City was 75.94%，with the lowest being "TB is not frightening"（35.39%），and the highest being "standardized treatment compliance after diagnosis"（87.40%）. Conclusion The overall awareness rate of TB prevention and control information among residents aged 15 and above in pilot communities for Zero Tuberculosis Community in Wuxi City has not yet met the targets for establishing Zero Tuberculosis Community. Targeted health education interventions should be intensified for populations with younger age，lower income，limited education，and occupational groups including workers/service sector employees/agricultural workers. It is recommended to expand coverage through both traditional and new media platforms，while simultaneously addressing disease-related stigma to accelerate the construction of Zero Tuberculosis Community.
Objective To understand the potential categories of infectious disease health literacy and its relationship with health behavior in air force officers and soldiers，in order to provide the basis for formulating accurate health promotion education policies and improving the health literacy level of air force officers and soldiers. Methods From February to April 2025，the air force officers and soldiers of a company were selected as the survey objects by convenient sampling method. The general information questionnaire，the health literacy questionnaire of infectious diseases for grassroots unit officers and soldiers and the health promotion lifestyle scale were used for questionnaire surveys，and the data were analyzed. Results The infectious disease health literacy score of 465 air force officers and soldiers was（128.42±18.65）points，and the health behavior score was（114.62±11.81）points. The health literacy of infectious diseases could be divided into three potential categories，namely low literacy（137 cases，29.46%），medium literacy（241 cases，51.83%），and high literacy（87 cases，18.71%）. Taking "low literacy type" as the reference group，medical major（OR=1.961，P<0.05），military service length >10 years（OR=1.641，P<0.05），frequent publicity by the unit（OR=1.867，P<0.05），and education level of master's degree or above（OR=1.785，P<0.05） were predictive factors for the "medium literacy type"；whereas medical major（OR=1.030，P<0.05），learning about infectious disease knowledge（OR=0.545，P<0.05），military service length >10 years（OR=0.630，P<0.05），frequent publicity by the unit（OR=0.556，P<0.05），education level of master's degree or above（OR=1.224，P<0.05），and health-promoting lifestyle（OR=1.135，P<0.05） were predictive factors for the "high literacy type". Conclusion The health literacy of infectious diseases in air force officers and soldiers can be divided into three categories. The health behavior levels of air force officers and soldiers in different categories of health literacy of infectious diseases are different. It is suggested that targeted intervention should be carried out based on the homogeneous group of health literacy of infectious diseases in air force officers and soldiers，in order to improve their health behavior level，improve the accessibility of health education，continuously improve the health literacy level of air force officers and soldiers，and further enhance the combat effectiveness of the force.
Objective To investigate the personality，emotional state，social support，and sleep status of Chinese Antarctic winter-over candidate team members，in order to provide practical support and experiential recommendations for polar psychological support work. Methods During the winter training period from February 22 to 28，2024，47 Antarctic winter-over candidate team members were assessed using the big five personality inventory（BFI-44），the depression anxiety stress scales（DASS-21），the perceived social support scale（PSSS），the Pittsburgh sleep quality index（PSQI），and actigraph monitors，and the data were analyzed. Results Winter-over candidates scored significantly higher than Chinese college student norms on the dimensions of extraversion[28.00（25.00，32.00） vs 25.45（22.79，28.15）points]，agreeableness[39.00（35.00，41.00） vs 34.15（31.57，36.67）points]，conscientiousness[（35.49±5.20） vs （23.26±4.32）points，and openness[31.00（29.00，33.00） vs 28.52（25.45，31.52）points]（Z=2.955，4.068，4.284，t=16.111，all P<0.01）. Conversely，they scored significantly lower on neuroticism[（18.47±4.94） vs （33.43±4.37）points，t=-20.753， P<0.01]. Scores for family support[24.00（22.00，27.00） vs 20.10（16.94，23.24）/21.41（18.21，24.47）points]，friend support[24.00（21.00，27.00） vs 18.87（15.64，22.08）/20.54（17.69，23.43）points]，and other support[23.00（21.00， 25.00） vs 19.18（16.16， 20.05）/20.95（18.06，23.88）points] were significantly higher than norms for Chinese youth in plateau and inland areas（Z=3.487，3.953， 4.051，4.568，4.815，4.864，all P<0.01）. Candidates scored significantly higher than Chinese college student norms on depression[6.00（6.00，8.00） vs 2.97（0.24，5.78）points]，anxiety[9.00（8.00，10.00） vs 5.42（2.07，8.78）points]，and stress[9.00（7.00，11.00） vs 6.13（2.49，9.95）points]（Z=5.992，5.995，6.098，all P<0.01）. In terms of PSQI total score[7.00（6.00， 8.00） vs 3.23（1.15，5.40）points]，sleep quality[3.00（1.00，4.00） vs 0.67（0.07，1.25）points]，and sleep efficiency[3.00（3.00，3.00） vs 0.02（0.00，0.51）points]， the scores were significantly higher than Chinese norms（Z=5.995，6.042，6.856，all P<0.01）. However，sleep latency[0.00（0.00，1.00） vs 0.70（0.04，1.35）points]，sleep duration[0.00（0.00，1.00） vs 0.46（0.00，0.91）points]，sleep disturbances[0.00（0.00，0.00） vs 0.83（0.42，1.22）points]，use of sleep medication[0.00（0.00，0.00） vs 0.18（0.00，0.61）points]，and daytime dysfunction[0.00（0.00， 1.00） vs 0.79（0.16，1.43）points] were significantly lower than the Chinese norm（Z=-6.856，-5.617，-4.855，-3.873， -3.166，all P<0.01）. Conclusion Chinese Antarctic winter-over candidate team members exhibit relative emotional stability，high levels of perceived social support，and a generally better psychological state compared to the general population. However，during winter training，they experience elevated states of anxiety and depression，along with sleep problems. Notably，anxiety is more prominent among candidates with a Master's degree，and sleep problems are more significant among married candidates. Therefore，employing scientific and reasonable methods for psychological assessment，selection，intervention，and treatment，along with actively conducting research on issues related to polar psychological support，is highly necessary.
Objective To understand the mediating role of professional identity of internal medicine nurses in nursing work environment and career success，in order to provide a reference for reducing the occupational burnout of internal medicine nurses and improving the level of clinical nursing work. Methods From April to May 2025，183 internal medicine nurses from 6 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Wuhan were selected as the survey subjects by convenience sampling. The nursing work environment scale，professional identity scale and career success scale were used to investigate them，and the data analyzed. Results The nursing work environment score of internal medicine nurses was （116.84±16.78）points，the professional identity score was （98.74±15.46）points，and the career success score was （112.86±18.56）points. The nursing work environment score of internal medicine nurses was compared in terms of age，years of clinical nursing work，professional and technical level，average monthly salary，monthly rotating night shifts，and marital status，and the differences were statistically significant（F=3.322，4.504，3.417，4.772，5.062，t=3.009，all P<0.05）. The professional identity of internal medicine nurses was compared in terms of age，years of clinical nursing work，professional and technical level，average monthly salary，monthly rotating night shifts，and marital status，and the differences were statistically significant（F=3.603，3.739，4.203，3.498，4.228，t=2.550，all P<0.05）. The career success scores of internal medicine nurses were compared in terms of age，years of clinical nursing work，professional and technical level，average monthly salary，monthly night shift，and marital status，and the differences were statistically significant（F=3.862，5.657，3.744，4.091，4.536，t=2.540， all P<0.05）. The nursing work environment and professional identity of internal medicine nurses were positively correlated with career success（r=0.498，0.504，both P<0.01），and the nursing work environment was positively correlated with professional identity（r=0.572，P<0.01）. Professional identity played a partial mediating effect between the nursing work environment and career success of internal medicine nurses，with an effect value of 0.307，accounting for 44.56% of the total effect. Conclusion The professional identity of 183 internal medicine nurses from six grade-A tertiary hospitals in Wuhan plays a partial mediating role between the nursing work environment and career success. Nursing managers can formulate comprehensive intervention measures to improve the career success of internal medicine nurses from the perspective of optimizing the nursing work environment and improving professional identity.
Objective To explore the mechanism of psychological capital and career success on the relationship between the work environment of junior nurses and imposter phenomenon，in order to provide reference for the management and intervention of junior nurses. Methods From August to September 2024，a convenience sampling method was used to select junior nurses from Baoding First Central Hospital as the research subjects. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a general information questionnaire，the Chinese version of the Clance impostor phenomenon scale，psychological capital scale，nursing practice environment scale，and the nurse career success scale. SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0 software were used for statistical analysis. Results The overall average score of impostor phenomenon of 257 junior nurses was （50.24±14.01）points，the overall average score of career success was （40.04±8.67）points，the overall average score of psychological capital was （92.19±17.83）points，and the overall average score of work environment was （101.13±22.91）points. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the scores of work environment，psychological capital，career success，and impostor phenomenon among junior nurses with different education level，marital status，position，salary，enthusiasm for nursing（all P<0.05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that work environment of junior nurses was positively correlated with psychological capital and career success（r=0.825， 0.714，both P<0.01），and psychological capital was positively correlated with career success（r=0.760，P<0.01）. Impostor phenomenon was negatively correlated with work environment，psychological capital，and career success（r=-0.361，-0.373，-0.364，all P<0.01）. Structural equation modeling indicated that psychological capital partially mediated the relationship between work environment and impostor phenomenon，with an effect value of 0.098，accounting for 15.53% of the total effect. Career success also played a partial mediating role，with an effect value of 0.114，accounting for 18.07% of the total effect. Psychological capital and career success played a mediating role in the relationship between the working environment of junior nurses and imposter phenomenon，with an effect value of 0.037，accounting for 5.86% of the total effect. Conclusion The imposter phenomenon of junior nurses is at a moderately high level，and psychological capital and career success play a mediating role between work environment and imposter phenomenon. Hospital administrators and nursing educators should provide targeted support to junior nurses to reduce impostor phenomenon and promote their professional development and psychological well-being.
Objective To analyse the epidemiological characteristics and incidence trends of syphilis in Hotan Prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2014 to 2023，in order to provide a basis for the development of future preventive and control measures and countermeasures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to carry out statistics and analysis of syphilis cases with onset dates from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2023 in Hotan Prefecture. Results The reported incidence rate of syphilis in Hotan Prefecture fluctuated significantly from 2014 to 2023，showing a decreasing and then increasing trend. Among them，the reported incidence rates of primary syphilis，secondary syphilis，tertiary syphilis and foetal-transmitted syphilis all showed a decreasing trend，with annual average decreases of 30.98%，7.95%，25.71%，and 25.41%，respectively，whereas the reported incidence rate of recessive syphilis showed an increasing trend（χ2=6 177.790，P<0.05），with an annual average increase of 12.82%，and had become the main type of syphilis case infection since 2016. Syphilis cases were reported in all counties and cities in Hotan Prefecture，and the top three counties in terms of annual average reported incidence were Moyu County，Minfeng County，and Yutian County，accounting for 58.89% of the total number of reported cases in the region. The male-to-female sex ratio was 1.08 ∶ 1，the top three age groups in terms of incidence rate were ≥60 years old（220.18/100 000），50-<60 years old（212.38/100 000），and 40-<50 years old（148.39/100 000），and the reported incidence rate of 20-<30 years old and 50-<60 years old showed a fluctuating upward trend，with an average annual growth rate of 7.03% and 4.45%，respectively，with statistically significant differences between the ten-year periods（χ2=561.436，563.734，both P<0.05）. The occupation of the reported cases was mainly farmers（78.14%）. Conclusion The decline in the reported incidence of primary syphilis，secondary syphilis，and foetal-transmitted syphilis in Hotan Prefecture reflects that the syphilis epidemic in Hotan Prefecture has been contained to a certain extent. However，the rapid rise in reported recessive syphilis and the youthfulness of new syphilis cases bring uncertainty to the prevention and control of syphilis epidemics，and prevention and treatment work in key counties and cities should be strengthened in response to the characteristics of the epidemic's incidence，and the capacity for syphilis discovery and reporting and management should be improved. In addition，publicity and education on syphilis prevention and treatment should be strengthened for key groups such as young and middle-aged people and farmers，and the coverage of behavioural interventions should be continuously expanded.
Objective To explore the current status and influencing factors of self-management activity in operating room nurses with occupational low back pain（LBP） and provide a theoretical basis for improving their self-management capabilities. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to survey 335 operating room nurses from six hospitals in Guangdong Province from February and March 2025 using a general information questionnaire and the Chinese version of participants activation for self-management of back pain（PAMQ），and the data were analyzed. Results The self-management activity score for occupational LBP among operating room nurses was （40.54±10.58）points，indicating a moderately high level. The average number of night shifts per month（B=-2.349，P<0.01），the need for assistance in transferring surgical patients post-operation（B=5.962，P<0.01），the requirement to remove the bed tailboard alone during lithotomy position surgery（B=6.521，P<0.01），the number of days off due to LBP in the past two months（B=-4.419，P<0.01），and participation in occupational disease prevention training（B=-3.255，P<0.01） were the main influencing factors，collectively explaining 79.9% of the variance. Conclusion The self-management activity level of operating room nurses with occupational LBP is moderately high，with strong self-management beliefs but room for improvement in awareness and professional knowledge. Nursing managers should optimize workflows，provide assistive devices，and enhance occupational protection training to improve self-management activity of operating room nurses with occupational LBP.
Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of undergraduate nursing interns' learning engagement in a grade-A tertiary hospitals in Guiyang，and to provide reference for improving their learning engagement level. Methods Convenience sampling was used to select undergraduate nursing students who interned at a grade-A tertiary hospitals in Guiyang from February to April 2024 as the survey subjects. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a general information survey form，a nursing student professional identity scale，and a learning engagement scale，and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of learning engagement[M（P25，P75）] for 291 undergraduate nursing interns was 74.0（68.0，85.0）points，and the total score of professional identity was 53.0（51.0，64.0）points. There were statistically significant differences in the learning engagement scores of undergraduate nursing interns with different family origins，monthly family income，reasons for choosing nursing majors，whether they like nursing work，whether they are class cadres，average academic performance per semester，family members engaged in the medical industry，employment prospects，and post graduation intentions（all P<0.05）. The total score of professional identity and its various dimensions were positively correlated with the total score of learning engagement and its various dimensions（all P<0.05）. The average academic performance per semester，willingness to graduate，and level of professional identity were the main factors affecting their learning engagement（all P<0.05），explaining 56.9% of the total variation. Conclusion The learning engagement level of undergraduate nursing interns in a grade-A tertiary hospitals in Guiyang needs to be improved，which is influenced by factors such as academic performance，post graduation willingness，and professional values. Nursing educators and managers can improve their learning engagement level through personalized hierarchical management，optimizing the nursing student training system，and strengthening vocational values education.
Objective To analyze the current status and trends of scientific research publications from three-tier Centers for Disease Control and Prevention（CDC） in Shenzhen，providing reference for promoting academic collaborative development within the urban CDC system. Methods Bibliometrics and visualization methods were used to search for journal articles authored by municipal-，district-，and subdistrict-level CDC in Shenzhen from January 2015 to March 2025 in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure， Wanfang，and Web of Science databases. Publication volume，paper quality，core authors，and research hotspots were analyzed. Results A total of 3 651 papers were published by three-tier CDC，with 2 085 as first-author affiliations. The Shenzhen CDC had the highest output as the first-author institution（613 papers，29.4%），district-level institutions averaged 99.0 papers per unit，and subdistrict-level institutions averaged 18.2 papers. Annual Chinese-papers declined overall，while English-papers remained stable. The proportion of papers in internationally indexed core journals and Peking University Core indexed increased，accounting for 41.8% of all publications. Municipal institutions had higher proportions（65.7%） compared to district-level（37.0%） and subdistrict-level（17.2%）. Core Chinese-language authors were predominantly from district CDC（80.0%），while English-language core authors concentrated at the municipal CDC（100.0%）. Research hotspots exhibited stratification：district and subdistrict institutions focused on disease surveillance and epidemiological practices，while municipal-level research emphasized environmental toxicology and molecular biological mechanisms. Conclusion Shenzhen's CDC system exhibits a hierarchical pattern of "municipal dominance，district potential，and subdistrict weakness" in research output. To foster collaborative innovation，we recommend enhancing grassroots research capacity，strengthening internal and external collaborations，and refining collaboration mechanisms between field departments and laboratories.
Objective To deeply understand the current situation of the construction and operation of Taiyuan Community Health Service Center using WeChat public platform for medical services and health information release. Methods Search through the Wechat APP official account，and select the historical push messages from May 1 to October 31，2024 to analyze the type，quantity，like number and reading volume of the information released. Results Among the community health service centers in Taiyuan，32（56.1%） had opened the Wechat public platform. The vast majority of these platforms were officially certified（71.9%），and most of them were open for more than a year（90.6%）. In terms of update frequency，24 platforms（75.0%） had an update cycle of less than 30 days. In terms of content types，"health science" articles published the most，while "policy interpretation" articles published the least. In addition，"information bulletin" articles were the most prominent in terms of reading and likes. Conclusion In general，the utilization degree of Taiyuan Community Health Service Center in WeChat public platform is relatively low. It cannot make good use of its geographical advantages to provide residents with more personalized and accurate health services. In addition，there is a lack of operation talents for health science content，and the quality of the article needs to be further improved. In order to better serve the community residents，Taiyuan Community Health Service Center should strengthen the operation capacity of the WeChat public platform，improve the quality of the content，and cultivate a professional operation team，in order to play a greater role in the future health information service.
Aging is a complex biological process involving multisystem functional decline. With global population aging，studying aging mechanisms and extending healthy lifespan have become key priorities in medicine and public health. Phenotypic age（PhenoAge），an innovative biological age assessment tool，is based on nine routine blood biomarkers covering metabolism，inflammation，and organ function，offering greater clinical utility and cost-effectiveness compared to DNA methylation clocks. This paper reviews the development and validation process of PhenoAge，highlighting the critical role of big data and machine learning in biomarker selection and avoiding overfitting. PhenoAge has been validated across multiple cohorts for predicting all-cause mortality，cardiovascular disease，and functional decline. However，challenges such as data heterogeneity，reproducibility，and competition with models like GrimAge persist. Looking forward，standardized data workflows and interdisciplinary collaboration can enhance PhenoAge's dynamic monitoring capabilities，advancing precision aging research，particularly in occupational health and public health policy. This paper provides theoretical support and guidance for optimizing and applying PhenoAge globally.
This paper comprehensively integrated the frontier research in multiple fields of extracellular vesicles，deeply analyzes the mechanism of action，diagnostic value，and therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles in metabolic diseases，malignant tumors，nervous system diseases，cardiovascular diseases，obesity，immune-related diseases and dermatoses，and systematically comprehensively expounded the mechanism of action，diagnostic value and therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles in different disease backgrounds by extensively and deeply integrating the frontier research results of several fields.
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