Objective To investigate the status of off-work recovery experience，work-family conflict and occupational burnout of operating room nurses in 7 grade-A tertiary general hospitals in Beijing and analyze the correlation among the three，so as to provide objective evidence for clinical improvement of the occupational burnout level of operating room nurses. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to investigate 187 operating room nurses in 7 grade-A tertiary general hospitals in Beijing from March to April 2025 using the basic information scale，off-work recovery experience scale，work-family conflict scale and occupational burnout scale，and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of off-work recovery experience，work-family conflict and occupational burnout of 187 operating room nurses were （52.36±8.47），（62.39±13.76） and （61.28±12.84）points，respectively. Age，total clinical nursing work hours，professional and technical level，marital status，average monthly total salary，number of children and monthly night shift frequency were the influencing factors of off-work recovery experience of operating room nurses（allP<0.05）. Age，total clinical nursing work hours，professional and technical level，average monthly total salary and monthly night shift frequency were the influencing factors of work-family conflict and occupational burnout of operating room nurses（allP<0.05）. The off-work recovery experience of operating room nurses was negatively correlated with occupational burnout and work-family conflict（r=-0.615，-0.592，bothP<0.01），and work-family conflict was positively correlated with occupational burnout（r=0.584，P<0.01）. Work-family conflict played a partial mediating role between off-work recovery experience and occupational burnout of operating room nurses，with an effect value of -0.296，accounting for 46.56% of the total effect. Conclusion The off-work recovery experience，work-family conflict and occupational burnout of operating room nurses are closely related，and work-family conflict plays a partial mediating role between off-work recovery experience and occupational burnout. Hospital nursing managers should take targeted intervention measures to reduce work-family conflicts among operating room nurses，thereby improving their off-work recovery experience and reducing the level of occupational burnout.
Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of job burnout among nursing assistants in Fujian Province，providing theoretical basis and recommendations for alleviating job burnout in this population. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from November 2023 to March 2024 among 2 079 nursing assistants in Fuzhou，Xiamen，and Quanzhou City. Job burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey（MBI-GS）. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 25.0 software. The Mann-WhitneyU test，Kruskal-WallisH test，Spearman correlation analysis and binary Logistic regression were employed to explore the influencing factors between burnout and sociodemographic as well as occupational factors. Results Among the three dimensions of job burnout，the scores[M（P25，P75）] of emotional exhaustion，cynicism，and reduced personal accomplishment were 15.0（7.0，20.0），12.0（4.0，16.0），and 14.0（8.0，20.0）points，respectively. Spearman correlation analysis showed that job burnout was significantly associated with gender，age，working away from home，household registration type，educational level，monthly household income，cohabitation with care recipients，participation in nursing skills training，average daily working hours，number of days caring for critically ill patients in the past month，job satisfaction，and turnover intention（r=-0.198，0.074，-0.166，-0.083，-0.218，-0.223，-0.166，0.146，-0.125，-0.111，0.181，-0.316，allP<0.01）. Logistic regression analysis indicated that turnover intention，cohabitation with care recipients，working away from home，occasionally caring for critically ill patients，and being male were independent risk factors for job burnout（OR=3.623，1.779，1.766，1.730，1.638，allP<0.05）. In contrast，having a high school education or above，higher household income，completion of nursing skills training，working ≥9 hours per day，and job satisfaction were identified as protective factors（OR=0.373，0.533，0.510，0.479，0.309，allP<0.05）. Conclusion Job burnout among nursing assistants in Fuzhou，Xiamen and Quanzhou City，Fujian Province is influenced by multiple factors. Relevant authorities should actively pay attention to the psychological state of nursing workers and take targeted intervention measures in a timely manner to reduce the level of burnout and promote the stable development of the nursing assistant workforce.
Objective To investigate the current status of work-leisure conflict，psychological capital and occupational burnout of obstetrics and gynecology nurses and analyze their influencing factors，to study the mediating role of work-leisure conflict，psychological capital and occupational burnout，and to provide objective reference evidence for clinically reducing the level of occupational burnout of obstetrics and gynecology nurses. Methods From January to May 2025，a questionnaire survey was conducted on 178 obstetrics and gynecology nurses from 9 grade-A tertiary general hospitals in Wuhan City using the burnout scale，work-leisure conflict scale and psychological capital scale，and the data were analyzed. The risk factors of work-leisure conflict，psychological capital and occupational burnout of obstetrics and gynecology nurses were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. The correlation between work-leisure conflict，psychological capital and occupational burnout was analyzed by Pearson correlation. Results The scores of work-leisure conflict，psychological capital and job burnout of obstetrics and gynecology nurses were （47.42±7.36），（90.28±15.74） and （60.89±12.86）points，respectively. The influencing factors of job burnout of obstetrics and gynecology nurses included age，total clinical nursing work time，clinical nursing professional and technical level，average monthly total income，average number of monthly night shifts（allP<0.05）. Age ≥40 years old，total clinical nursing work time ≥15 years，junior clinical nursing professional and technical level，average monthly total income 0-<15 000 yuan，average number of monthly night shifts ≥5 times，and marital status married or divorced were independent risk factors for work-leisure conflict，psychological capital and job burnout of obstetrics and gynecology nurses（allP<0.05）. The higher the level of work-leisure conflict of obstetrics and gynecology nurses，the higher their level of job burnout（r=0.638，P<0.01）. The higher the level of psychological capital，the lower the level of job burnout（r=-0.492，P<0.01），and the lower the work-leisure conflict（r=-0.522，P<0.01）. The work-leisure conflict of obstetrics and gynecology nurses could affect job burnout through the mediating effect of psychological capital，with a mediating effect of 0.243，accounting for 44.34%. Conclusion The work-leisure conflict and job burnout of obstetrics and gynecology nurses are at a high level，and there is a significant correlation between work-leisure conflict，psychological capital and job burnout. Clinically，improving work-leisure conflict and psychological capital can help reduce the level of job burnout.
Objective To investigate the current status of self-denial tendency，work-family conflict and occupational burnout of nurses in the department of gastroenterology and analyze their influencing factors，to study the mediating role of work-family conflict between self-denial tendency and occupational burnout of nurses in the department of gastroenterology，and to provide reference evidence for clinical improvement of the current status of occupational burnout of nurses in the department of gastroenterology. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey of 173 nurses in the department of gastroenterology from 9 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province from March to April 2025 using the self-denial tendency scale，work-family conflict scale and occupational burnout scale. The influencing factors of self-denial tendency，work-family conflict and occupational burnout of nurses in the department of gastroenterology were analyzed. The mediating role of work-family conflict between self-denial tendency and occupational burnout of nurses in the department of gastroenterology was studied. Results The scores of self-denial tendency，work-family conflict and job burnout of 173 nurses in gastroenterology department were （56.48±9.35），（62.46±12.83） and （61.76±12.34）points. Age，total clinical nursing work hours，nursing professional title，marital status and average monthly total salary were influencing factors of self-denial tendency，work-family conflict and job burnout of gastroenterology department nurses（allP<0.05）. Self-denial tendency，work-family conflict and job burnout were positively correlated（r=0.583，0.464，bothP<0.01），and self-denial tendency was positively correlated with work-family conflict（r=0.615，P<0.01）. Work-family conflict played a partial mediating role between self-denial tendency and job burnout，with an effect value of 0.336，accounting for 53.76% of the total effect. Conclusion The self-denial tendency of nurses in the department of gastroenterology is at a high level. Work-family conflict plays a partial mediating role between self-denial tendency and job burnout. Reducing the level of self-denial tendency and work-family conflict is conducive to improving the job burnout of nurses in the department of gastroenterology.
Objective To establish a transverse heating longitudinal Zeeman corrected graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy method for detecting beryllium in human blood and urine. Methods After dilution with Triton and acid deproteinization treatment，the blood samples were introduced into a transverse heating platform graphite tube. Palladium chloride was used as a matrix modifier to optimize the ashing temperature and atomization temperature of graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The longitudinal Zeeman correction background effect was used to determine human blood and urine. Results The linear range of beryllium in blood and urine was 0-2 μg/L. The regression equation for beryllium in blood（Triton method） wasY=0.040 21X+0.000 03（r=0.999 6），and the detection limit of this method was 0.10 μg/L. The regression equation for beryllium in blood（acid deproteinization method） wasY=0.046 39X+0.000 06（r=0.999 8），and the detection limit of this method was 0.09 μg/L. The regression equation for beryllium in urine wasY=0.044 32X+0.000 04（r=0.998 9），and the detection limit of this method was 0.06 μg/L，the recovery rate was 95.35%-107.85%，and theRSD was 0.60%-4.01%. Compared with WS/T46-1996，the improved new method for determining the concentration of beryllium in urine was higher，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05） through pairedt-test，and the measurement results were closer to the true values. A 2 g/L palladium chloride solution as a matrix modifier showed the best effect in determining beryllium in blood and urine. 1 200 and 2 300 ℃ were selected as the ashing temperature and atomization temperature，respectively. Blood and urine were stored at -18 ℃ for 60 days，and the decrease rate of beryllium in blood was 2.5%，while that in urine was 0. Conclusion The use of （transverse heating） graphite furnace heating technology and longitudinal Zeeman correction background subtraction technology to determine beryllium in blood and urine has a relatively small impact on the matrix effect of biological samples，and the detection limit of the method is low. Moreover，the accuracy and precision of the method can achieve satisfactory experimental results，which is suitable for substrate layer physical and chemical testing centers to detect biological samples of beryllium exposed populations.
Objective To investigate the immunomodulatory effects of Mountain Cultivated Ginseng Health Wine on cellular immunity，humoral immunity，monocyte macrophage function，and natural killer cell（NK） activity in mice. Methods Totally 200 SPF female Kunming mice were randomly divided into 4 major groups，and each major group was further divided into 5 subgroups，corresponding to 500，333，250，167 and 0 mg/（kg·bw·d） of crude drug dosage，10 animals in each subgroup. The mice were administered orally Mountain Cultivated Ginseng Health Wine with different concentrations for 37 days，the gavage volume was 0.2 mL/（10 g·bw·d）. The alcohol-based control group was given the same amount of the wine base. Following the final administration of the test substances，cellular immunity was measured by mouse splenic lymphocyte transformation test and delayed type hypersensitivity assay（DTH），humoral immunity was measured by plaque forming cell assay（PFC） and half hemolysis value（HC50），the function of mononuclear macrophages was determined by carbon particle clearance test in mice and the phagocytosis assay of chicken red blood cells by macrophages，and NK cell activity was measured using lactate dehydrogenase assay（LDH）. Results After oral administration of different doses of Mountain Cultivated Ginseng Health Wine for 37 days，the growth and activity of animals in each group were good，and no influence was exerted on the organ coefficients of immune organs. In the 500 and 333 mg/（kg·bw·d） groups，the plantar metatarsal thickness difference before and after sheep red blood cell（SRBC） attack in mice was 1.14 and 1.00 mm，respectively，both greater than that in the alcohol-based control group（0.80 mm）（t=0.000，0.047，bothP<0.05）. In the 500 and 333 mg/（kg·bw·d） groups，the HC50 value was 150.9 and 145.0，respectively，both higher than that in the alcohol-based control group（121.3）（t=0.007，0.039，bothP<0.05）. The NK cell activity in 500 mg/（kg·bw·d） group was 37.1%，higher than that in the alcohol-based control group（20.7%）（t=0.004，P<0.05）. No evidence of immunosuppression was observed in the other experiments. Conclusion Mountain Cultivated Ginseng Health Wine can enhance cellular immunity，humoral immunity，and NK cell activity in mice，suggesting that it has the effect of improving immune function in mice.
Objective To establish a carbonate system-ion chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of two anions（F-，NO3-） and three disinfection by-products（dichloroacetic acid，trichloroacetic acid，chlorate） in drinking water，so as to provide a technical reference for the detection of anions and disinfection by-products in drinking water. Methods The water samples were automatically injected by Inline ultrafiltration，eluted isocratically with 3.6 mmol/L carbonate + 10% methanol，separated by anion chromatography column，and detected by conductivity detector. Results The peak area and concentration of 2 anions and 3 disinfection by-products showed good linear relationships（allR2>0.999）. The detection limits of fluoride，nitrate，dichloroacetic acid，chlorate，and trichloroacetic acid were 2.1，1.3，2.5，1.6 and 4.4 μg/L，respectively，and the quantitation limits were 7.1，4.5，8.4，5.5 and 14.8 μg/L，respectively. The spiked water samples with low，medium and high concentrations were measured，and the spiked recovery rate was 86.2% to 110.3%，and the relative standard deviation（RSD） of all samples were<7%，and the precision range was 0.18% to 3.83%. Conclusion This method is simple and fast to operate，the results are accurate and reliable，and can simultaneously determine two anions（F-，NO3-） and three disinfection by-products（dichloroacetic acid，trichloroacetic acid，chlorate） in drinking water.
Objective To investigate the current status of work-leisure conflict among nurses in the endocrinology department，analyze the mediating role of psychological capital between work connectedness behavior and work-leisure conflict，and provide objective evidence for reducing nurses' work-leisure conflict and improving clinical nursing work efficiency. Methods From January to February 2025，nurses in the endocrinology department of 10 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Wuhan City were selected as the research subjects by random sampling method（random number table method）. The psychological capital scale，work connectedness behavior scale and work-leisure conflict scale were used to conduct investigation，analysis and quantification. The mediating role of psychological capital between work connectedness behavior and work-leisure conflict was analyzed by the sequential test method. Results A total of 176 nurses in the endocrinology department were investigated，and the scores of work connectedness，psychological capital and work-leisure conflict were （38.46±6.43），（90.86±18.46） and （58.76±10.28）points，respectively. The differences in work-leisure conflict scores were statistically significant among endocrinology nurses of different age，years of clinical nursing experience，professional and technical level，marital status，average monthly performance bonus and average monthly number of shifts（allP<0.05）. The work-leisure conflict of endocrinology nurses was positively correlated with work connectedness（r=0.638，P<0.01），and negatively correlated with psychological capital（r=-0.592，P<0.01）. The work connectedness was negatively correlated with psychological capital（r=-0.584，P<0.01）. The psychological capital played a partial mediating role between work connectedness and work-leisure conflict of nurses in the department of endocrinology，with an effect value of 0.277，accounting for 46.01% of the total effect. Conclusion The endocrinology nurses have high levels of work-leisure conflict and work-connectedness behavior，the psychological capital plays a partial mediating role between work-connectedness behavior and work-leisure conflict，and improving the level of psychological capital and reducing the level of work connectedness behavior can significantly reduce the level of work-leisure conflict.
Objective To investigate the health literacy level of air pollution of community residents and its influencing factors，evaluate the effect of health protection intervention，and provide evidence for targeted air pollution health education. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to investigate air pollution health literacy and health protection intervention in 650 residents of Zhanghuzhai and Dengjiapo communities in Xi'an City from November 2023 to January 2024，and the intervention effect was evaluated. Results Before intervention，the total score of air pollution health literacy of community residents was （81.46±11.72）points，in which the score rate of basic knowledge was the highest（86.7%），and the score rate of basic behavior and skill was the lowest（75.6%）. The results of multiple linear regression showed that community residents aged 28-<65 and ≥65 years old（β=-3.226，-1.226），educational level of junior college and bachelor's degree or above（β=3.403），frequency of participation in air pollution health activities（low frequency，high frequency）（β=2.363，3.086），and information acquisition channels（Internet/media，β=7.986） were the main factors affecting health literacy（allP<0.05）. After intervention，the total score of residents' air pollution health literacy significantly improved（t=-23.311，P<0.05），and the scores of all dimensions were significantly improved（t=-19.799，-17.293，-18.46，allP<0.05）. Conclusion The air pollution health literacy of community residents is affected by demographic characteristics and information acquisition methods，and health protection intervention can effectively improve their awareness and behavior of protection. Health education strategies should be optimized for the elderly and low-culture groups，and internet and media communication should be strengthened.
Objective To explore the status quo of career expectations，career acquisition and work engagement of newly recruited nurses and the correlation among them，in order to provide guidance for optimizing the nursing work of newly recruited nurses. Methods From March to June 2024，297 newly recruited nurses from a grade-A tertiary hospital in Guizhou Province were selected as the research objects by convenience sampling method. A cross-sectional survey was conducted by using general information questionnaire，career expectation scale，career acquisition scale and work engagement scale，and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of career expectation of newly recruited nurses[M（P25，P75）] was 86.00（80.00，95.00）points，the total score of career acquisition was 51.00（46.00，55.00）points，and the total score of work engagement was 50.00（45.00，57.00）points. The work engagement of newly recruited nurses was positively correlated with career expectation and career acquisition（r=0.119，0.569，bothP<0.05），and career expectation was positively correlated with career acquisition（r=0.317，P<0.01）. The structural equation model showed that career acquisition had a complete mediating effect between career expectation and work engagement（β=0.253，P<0.01）. Conclusion Nursing managers can enhance career acquisition by correctly guiding the career expectations of newly recruited nurses，and to a certain extent promote newly recruited nurses to improve the level of work engagement.
Objective To understand the level of awareness and attitudes towards screening for cervical cancer among women in Bachu County of Kashgar City，Xinjiang，and to lay the foundation for local cervical cancer prevention and control education. Methods From March to May 2023，based on the national two-cancer screening programme carried out locally，a convenience sampling was used to screen 1 713 local women in Bachu County of Kashgar City，Xinjiang who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for cervical cancer screening. A questionnaire survey was also conducted to assess their knowledge of cervical cancer and attitudes towards screening，and the data were analyzed. Results Among the 1 713 study participants，99.80% had heard of cervical cancer，and 30.2% had previously participated in cervical cancer screening. There were statistically significant differences in the awareness of cervical cancer among women in Bachu County of Kashgar City，with different levels of education，occupation，spouse education and occupation，average annual family income，family size，and attitudes towards cervical cancer screening（χ2=62.731，39.434，37.991，27.088，34.389，7.630，14.809，allP<0.05）. The cognitive level of survey subjects regarding cervical cancer related knowledge was primarily influenced by educational attainment（OR=1.401，95%CI：1.171-1.676），annual household income（OR=0.257，95%CI：0.087-0.757），and attitude toward cervical cancer screening（OR=1.596，95%CI：1.225-2.079）（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the attitudes towards cervical cancer screening among women in Bachu County of Kashgar City，with different levels of education，occupation，spouse education and occupation，family size，and cognitive level（χ2=28.702，27.103，27.835，26.553，26.553，6.385，14.809，allP<0.05）. Knowledge of cervical cancer-related information（OR=1.597，95%CI：1.227-2.080），spouse's occupation（OR=4.259，95%CI：1.027-17.668） and family size（OR=0.784，95%CI：0.656-0.938） were the primary factors influencing attitudes toward cervical cancer screening（allP<0.05）. Conclusion Women in Bachu County of Kashgar City，Xinjiang，have basic knowledge about cervical cancer，but they lack understanding of its risk factors，vaccines，and clinical characteristics，resulting in low screening participation rates. Rural women with low household income，large family size，low educational attainment，and negative attitudes toward screening should be prioritised as key targets for cervical cancer health education campaigns. Strengthened health education efforts are needed to encourage local women to undergo regular cervical cancer screening，thereby reducing the incidence of cervical cancer among women in Xinjiang.
Objective To explore the impact of the work environment on subjective well-being among internal medicine nurses，and to examine the mediating role of work autonomy and psychological capital in this process. Methods From March to August 2022，a convenience sampling method was used to select 153 internal medicine nurses from three grade-A tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province as the research subjects. The survey was conducted using general information survey forms，work autonomy scale，psychological capital scale，work environment scale，and subjective well-being scale，and the data were analyzed. Results The scores for the working environment，work autonomy，psychological capital，and subjective well-being of internal medicine nurses were （3.14±0.53），（3.49±0.77），（3.55±0.62），and （75.15±14.59）points，respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that all variables were positively correlated（all P<0.01）.The work environment had a direct predictive effect on subjective well-being（β=0.389），and positively predicted work autonomy（β=0.267） and psychological capital（β=0.123）. Work autonomy also positively predicted psychological capital（β=0.287） and subjective well-being（β=0.154），while psychological capital directly positively predicted subjective well-being（β=0.611），with statistically significant differences（allP<0.01）. The Bootstrap test showed that the direct effect of the work environment and the indirect and chain mediated effects of work autonomy and psychological capital were all significant，accounting for 70.97%，6.61%，12.10%，and 10.32% of the total effect，respectively. Conclusion A good working environment helps to enhance the subjective well-being of internal medicine nurses，and work autonomy and psychological capital play important mediating roles in this process. Optimizing the work environment，enhancing work autonomy and psychological capital level are effective ways to improve nurses' subjective well-being.
Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of science of science literacy of medical science and technology journal editors，and to provide certain reference and inspiration for improving the science of science literacy of editors of medical science and technology journals. Methods In April and May 2024，through literature review and the Delphi expert consultation method，a convenience sampling survey was conducted using a self-designed questionnaire titled "Survey on the Scientific Literacy of Medical Journal Editors" among 240 medical journal editors from the Chinese Medical Journal series and within the scope of Guangdong Province. The scores of science of science literacy were calculated with reference to the assignment of Likert 5-level scoring method. Univariate and Logistic regression analyses were performed on the survey results. Results Totally 232 valid questionaires were recovered. The scores of science of science literacy were as follows：176 editors with<45 points，i.e. 75.86%（176/232） of poor；56 editors with ≥45 points，i.e. 24.14%（56/232） of excellent. The mean value of the overall science of science literacy score was （43.4±9.2）points. Univariate analysis showed that age，highest educational level，editorial title，professional background，and type of journal in service were the influencing factors of the level of science of science literacy of medical science and technology journal editors（allP<0.05）. In contrast，age，gender，and years of editorial experience did not have a significant effect on scientology literacy（allP>0.05）. Further multifactorial Logistic regression analysis showed that the highest educational level，editorial title and professional background were independent factors influencing the level of science of science literacy of medical science and technology journal editors. Conclusion The overall science of science literacy of editors of medical science and technology journals needs to be improved. It is recommended to increase the continuing education and attention to sciences for the influential factors that can be intervened，and to improve the overall academic atmosphere of sciences，so as to enhance the theoretical sciences of editors of medical science and technology journals in China.
Objective To understand the vaccination status of rotavirus vaccine among children born in a district of Beijing from 2016 to 2024，so as to evaluate the effectiveness of rotavirus vaccine in preventing rotavirus diarrhea. Methods A descriptive analysis was performed on the basic information and rotavirus vaccine immunization history of children born from January 1，2016 to December 31，2024，and a retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the protection rate of rotavirus vaccine. Results From 2016 to 2024，the total vaccination rates of the first to third doses of rotavirus vaccine were 34.40%，19.73% and 14.17%，respectively. The coverage rates of Lanzhou lamb rotavirus vaccine（LLR） were 18.42%，4.90% and 0.49%，respectively. The coverage rates of the first to third doses of imported oral pentavalent human-bovine reassort ant rotavirus vaccine（RV5） were 22.65%，21.02% and 19.38%，respectively. The coverage rates of LLR and RV5 among urban and Beijing residents were higher than those among rural and other provincial children. The coverage rates of RV5 in AA and AAA clinics were higher than those in A clinic. The full coverage rate of RV5 was higher than that of LLR. The overall protection rate of rotavirus vaccine was 44.10%，and the protection rate of three-dose vaccine was 54.76%，which was higher than that of one-dose vaccine 34.47% and two-dose vaccine 42.37%. Conclusion The coverage rate and the full vaccination rate of rotavirus vaccine are low among children in a district of Beijing，and rotavirus vaccine has a protective effect against rotavirus diarrhea. It is necessary to carry out targeted health education and personalized vaccination strategies for different groups，and actively promote the vaccination of rotavirus to reduce the incidence of rotavirus diarrhea in children.
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trend changes of brucellosis in Tangshan City of Hebei Province from 2007 to 2023，and provide reference for brucellosis prevention and control work. Methods The incidence data and basic population data of brucellosis in Tangshan City from 2007 to 2023 in the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System were collected. Descriptive epidemiology were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics，and Joinpoint regression models were used to analyze the trend of brucellosis over time and by age. Results From 2007 to 2023，a total of 4 191 cases of brucellosis were reported in Tangshan City，with a incidence rate of 3.22/100 000. The incidence of brucellosis in Tangshan City was on the rise，with the average annual percent change（AAPC） of 17.33%（t=5.685，P<0.01）. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence trend between males and females（t=0.626，P>0.05），with a gender ratio of 2.95 ∶ 1，which was higher than the national level（2.49 ∶ 1）. The onset of the disease was concentrated between April to June with a distinct seasonality. The age of onset was concentrated in the age group of 51-<71 years old，with the high-incidence age group shifted from younger to older age groups gradually. The top three occupations in terms of composition ratio were farmers（86.50%），workers（3.03%），and home workers and unemployed individuals（2.31%），with an upward trend in the composition ratio of home workers and unemployed individuals（AAPC=30.15%，t=2.429，P<0.05）. The top three areas in terms of incidence were Qian'an City（8.24/100 000），Laoting County（6.14/100 000） and Luannan County（4.67/100 000）. There was an overall increasing trend in incidence in most counties from 2007 to 2023（AAPC>0，P<0.05）. Conclusion From 2007 to 2023，although the incidence rate of brucellosis in Tangshan City was slightly lower than the national level，it shows an overall upward trend，with characteristics such as a high incidence from April to June，middle-aged and elderly male farmers aged 51-<70 being high-risk groups，and clustering in areas with developed animal husbandry. Based on these characteristics，it is necessary to strengthen multi-departmental collaboration，precise intervention and scientific and technological support，and establish a long-term prevention and control mechanism to curb the development of the epidemic.
Objective To understand the vaccination rate of age-eligible children on the expanded program on immunization（EPI） in migrant concentration areas of Tianjin，identify weaknesses in routine management，and provide a scientific basis for formulating immunization strategies. Methods From February to November 2024，initial self-inspection was carried out at the sub-district or township level，followed by two-tier quality control involving verification at the district level and municipal spot checks. Random household interviews were set up in streets（townships） in selected migrant concentrated areas to investigate vaccination rate on the EPI among age-eligible children. Results At the self-inspection stage，the rates of card registration，certificate issuance，and card-certificate consistency were 99.84%，99.81% and 99.89%，respectively. In the district re-checking and municipal spot-checking stages，all above three indicators reached 100.00%. Except for the slightly lower qualified vaccination rates of MenA+C2 and Var2（94.72% and 94.87%） during the sub-district/township self-inspection stage，that of Var2（94.97%） during the district-level re-check stage，and that of DTP4（93.96%） during the municipal spot-check stage，all other doses of EPI vaccines achieved a qualified vaccination rate of ≥95%. Except for MMR2，MenA1，JEV-L1，and DT，there were no statistically significant differences in vaccination rates among the two-level surveys（allP>0.05）. During the municipal spot-check of 182 children，11 doses had not been administered；contraindications accounted for 72.73% of these missed doses. Among 51 doses classified as non-qualified，98.04% were due to delayed administration. Conclusion The vaccination rate of the EPI in migrant concentration areas of Tianjin remains at a high level. Further efforts are needed to enhance the refined management of vaccination services and further improve the quality of the EPI work. The survey method and quality control model，which combine self-inspection at the grassroots level and quality control at the higher level，can also serve as a reference for evaluations in similar regions.
Objective To understand the epidemiological patterns and virological features of influenza in Fuxin City of Liaoning Province，provide scientific basis and theoretical support for future influenza epidemic prevention and control. Methods The epidemiological surveillance data on influenza-like illness（ILI） cases reported by sentinel hospitals in Fuxin City through the China Influenza Surveillance System between 2015 and 2025，along with testing results from influenza network laboratories were collected. The descriptive epidemiological methods and Joinpoint regression modeling were employed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of ILI and trends in pathogen composition shifts. Results From 2015 to 2025，the proportion of ILI cases in outpatient visits（ILI%） in Fuxin City peaked in the winter to spring season with a single peak each year. The difference in popularity intensity of ILI% was statistically significant among different years（χ2=4 701.169，P<0.01）. The regression models indicated a stable overall trend across the decade. The distribution of ILI% varied by age group，with the majority of cases occurring in individuals aged<15 years old. A total of 793 influenza virus-positive samples were detected over the surveillance period，with influenza A accounting for the majority（66.63%）. The dominant subtypes varied by year，with frequent shifts in predominant strains. The influenza virus positivity was primarily concentrated between December and February of the following year. A positive correlation was observed between monthly ILI% and the influenza positivity rate（r=0.487，P<0.05）. The difference in positive rate of influenza nucleic acid was statistically significant among age groups（χ2=166.747，P<0.01），with the 5-<15 age group showing the highest positivity. Conclusions The influenza activity in Fuxin City demonstrated a consistent winter-spring peak，with children aged 5-<15 years old identified as the primary high-risk group. The alternation of dominant influenza subtypes occurs annually in 10 years. The ILI% peak is closely related to nucleic acid positivity rates，suggesting that timely sample collection during ILI peaks can improve detection rates. The abnormal ILI fluctuations may serve as an early warning indicator. Since 2020，no Yamagata lineage influenza B viruses have been detected，indicating that the trivalent influenza vaccine may offer optimal strain matching.
Objective To understand the current status of occupational health literacy（OHL） among secondary industry workers in Lhasa in 2024，and analyze its influencing factors，in order to provide a basis for formulating targeted intervention measures of OHL for secondary industry workers in Lhasa. Methods The data were obtained from "2024 National Occupational Health Literacy Surveillance System for Key Populations"，specifically focusing on Lhasa. The survey subjects comprised 536 frontline workers engaged in secondary industry in Lhasa. Data were collected on the demographic and occupational characteristics，including gender，length of employment，age，marital status，education level，average monthly income，industry sector，and employer ownership type. A uniform online questionnaire method was adopted. The survey was conducted via "National Occupational Health Literacy Surveillance System for Key Populations"，which generated a QR code-linked questionnaire. Workers participated anonymously by scanning the QR code and completing the self-administered survey. The survey assessed workers' OHL levels across four dimensions，including knowledge of occupational health laws and regulations，basic knowledge of occupational health protection，fundamental skills for occupational health protection and healthy work practices and behaviors. Results In 2024，the literacy levels of knowledge of occupational health laws and regulations，basic knowledge of occupational health protection，fundamental skills for occupational health protection and healthy work practices and behaviors among secondary industry workers in Lhasa were 28.9%，57.1%，13.2%，and 39.9%，respectively，with an overall OHL level of 24.4%. Workers with different levels of education and average monthly income showed a trend of gradually increasing OHL levels with increasing levels of education and income，and the differences were statistically significant（χ2=44.193，24.516，bothP<0.01）. Workers in state-owned and private enterprises exhibited significantly higher OHL rates than those in foreign-funded enterprises（χ2=8.698，P<0.05）. Conclusion The OHL level of secondary industry workers in Lhasa in 2024 is relatively low. The main factors affecting OHL are the educational attainment，monthly income level，and enterprise ownership type. Intervention measures need to be taken to improve the OHL level of secondary industry workers.
Objective To establish an evaluation index system for the cleanliness index of accommodation places based on a digital supervision platform，and provide scientific basis for digital supervision of accommodation places. Methods In 2023，literature analysis and on-site investigation were used to preliminarily formulate the evaluation indexes for the cleanliness index of accommodation places. The Delphi consultation method was used to establish the evaluation index system for the cleanliness index of accommodation places，and the analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the weight of the indexes. Use Excel 2010，SPSS 25.0，and R software to process data. Results A total of 19 experts were selected to participate in the consultation and construct an index system. The positive coefficient of the two rounds of consultation experts was 100%，and the authority coefficient of the experts was 0.86. The coordination coefficients of the first and second rounds were 0.551 and 0.570，respectively（P<0.01）. A cleanliness index evaluation index system for accommodation places was formed，which included 2 primary indicators，6 secondary indicators，and 9 tertiary indicators. Conclusion The cleanliness index evaluation index system of accommodation places，constructed using the Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process，can comprehensively and scientifically reflect hygienic cleanliness of accommodation places，which is of great significance for health administrative departments in advancing the digital transformation of hygiene supervision in accommodation places.
Objective To understand the pollution characteristics and health risks of inhalable particulate matter（PM10） and fine particulate matter（PM2.5） in various public places in Karamay City，and to provide a scientific basis for formulating targeted prevention and control measures. Methods Using the stratified random sampling method，PM10 and PM2.5 monitoring was conducted in six types of public places from 2022 to 2024. The concentration levels were evaluated based on national standards，and the non-carcinogenic risk was analyzed using the hazard quotient（HQ） in the health risk assessment model. Results The median indoor concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were 32 and 23 μg/m3，respectively，both below the national standard limits，but significant variations were observed across different venues，with barbershops exhibiting the highest concentrations. PM2.5 exceedances were widespread，with a 51.7% exceedance rate in barbershops in 2022. Seasonal analysis revealed that particulate matter concentrations in barbershops were higher in winter than in spring，while other places showed higher concentrations in spring，which might be attributed to local climatic characteristics. PM2.5 accounted for 72.4% of PM10，and their concentrations were highly positively correlated（r=0.854，P<0.01）. Health risk assessment indicated that in all six types of places，over 70% of the monitoring points had aHQ for PM2.5 exceeding 1，suggesting that workers in these environments faced elevated health risks. Conclusion Indoor PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in public places in Karamay City have significant differences in places and seasons，which is related to the local arid climate and petroleum industry. It is necessary to strengthen PM2.5 monitoring and formulate targeted prevention and control measures.
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of occupational pneumoconiosis patients in Qilihe District of Lanzhou City from 1964 to 2023，and analyze the survival time and possible influencing factors，so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies for pneumoconiosis. Methods Data on pneumoconiosis cases in Qilihe District of Lanzhou City from 1964 to 2023 was collected from the occupational disease case and follow-up module of the Occupational Disease and Health Hazards Monitoring Information System. Describing the epidemiological characteristics，and applying the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis model to conduct survival analysis. Results From 1964 to 2023，a total of 302 cases of pneumoconiosis were reported in Qilihe District of Lanzhou City，the majority were males. The types of pneumoconiosis included five categories，with coal pneumoconiosis being the most common，accounting for 63.91%，followed by silicosis，accounting for 29.47%. First stage accounted for the largest proportion，at 71.52%. The types of enterprises were mainly state-owned，accounting for 56.95%. Industry types were mainly coal mining and washing，accounting for 72.85%. There were statistically significant differences in the types of enterprises and industries among different types of pneumoconiosis（χ2=70.573，200.771，bothP<0.05）. The average duration of dust exposure of pneumoconiosis patients was （27.37±8.82）years，and the average age at first diagnosis was （55.65±10.95）years. There was no statistically significant difference in the average duration of dust exposure among different types of pneumoconiosis（F=1.821，P>0.05），but there was statistically significant difference in the average age at first diagnosis（F=8.558，P<0.05）. The Cox proportional hazards regression model results showed that the type of pneumoconiosis and the duration of dust exposure were risk factors affecting the survival of pneumoconiosis patients. Conclusion The traditional dust hazards still exist in Qilihe District of Lanzhou City. The government supervisory departments should increase their special governance efforts of dust hazards in the coal mining and washing industry，the employers should fulfill their main responsibilities to prevent the occurrence of pneumoconiosis，and the workers also need to enhance health awareness of themselves.
Objective To understand the equity of human resource allocation and its impact pathways in community health service centres in 31 provinces and cities in China，and provide a scientific basis for the rational allocation of basic medical and health resources. Methods By calculating the health resource density index（HRDI），the equity of human resource allocation in China's community health centres in 2021 was determined，and the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis（fsQCA） method was used to analyze the specific pathways that affected the equity of their human resource allocation. Results The equity of human resource allocation in community health centers in the eastern region of China in 2021 was higher than that in the central，northeastern，and western regions. The study yielded two paths promoting high equity，with high population density and high per capita health care expenditure as core conditions，with an overall consistency of 0.999 and an overall coverage of 0.635；And four paths leading to low equity，with low population density and low per capita disposable income as the core condition，with an overall consistency of 0.999 and an overall coverage of 0.695. Conclusion There are obvious geographical differences in human resource allocation in community health service centers in China，and a variety of factors work together to promote equity in the allocation of health human resources in community health service centers. Regional population density is the core element that determines the equity of human resource allocation in community health service centers.
Objective To understand the current situation of the core emergency response capacity for infectious disease epidemics among grassroots health workers in Luzhou City and analyze its influencing factors，so as to provide a reference basis for improving the emergency response capacity for infectious diseases at the grassroots level. Methods From February to April 2025，by using the convenience sampling method and applying general information questionnaires，the emergency response capacity scale for infectious disease epidemics，the work engagement scale，the psychological resilience scale，a survey was conducted among the grassroots health workers in Luzhou City through on-site investigation methods，and the data were analyzed. Results A total of 1 871 primary health workers completed the survey. The average score of core emergency response capability for infectious diseases was （128.69±26.5）points，with a score rate of 67.73%. The results of the multi-class logistic regression analysis indicated that having a spouse，self-rated health as moderate，a clinical job type，participation in emergency drills for infectious disease outbreaks，participation in training on common and emerging infectious diseases，and the score on the resilience scale and the dedication dimension score on the work engagement scale were the influencing factors for the moderate core emergency response ability for infectious diseases of primary health workers（OR=1.491，0.578，1.964，2.182，1.441，1.066，1.083，allP<0.05）. Meanwhile，age 0-<25 years and age 25-<35 years，self-rated health as moderate，basically competent for the job，a clinical job type and nursing，participation in emergency drills for infectious disease outbreaks，participation in training on common and emerging infectious diseases，the score on the resilience scale，and the dedication dimension score on the work engagement scale were the influencing factors for the high core emergency response ability for infectious diseases of primary health workers（OR=3.396，2.316，0.431，0.540，2.028，2.283，3.505，1.689，1.218，1.151，allP<0.05）. Conclusion The core emergency response capacity for infectious disease epidemics among grassroots health workers in Luzhou City is at a medium level，and further efforts should be made to strengthen the study of the infection spectrum of infectious diseases and the "Regulations on Emergency Response to Public Health Emergencies"，etc. It is suggested that training be conducted in a classified manner for grassroots health workers with different characteristics，and regular psychological assessments and mental health lectures be carried out to enhance their psychological resilience and ensure that they can fully devote themselves to work and fully exert their emergency response capabilities when dealing with infectious disease epidemics.
As a specialized occupational group，the physical and mental health status of civil aviation pilots is not only crucial to their personal well-being but also significantly impacts aviation safety，public safety，and socioeconomic stability. Pilots are chronically exposed to various occupational hazards，including high work pressure，high environmental noise，circadian rhythm disruption，cosmic ionizing radiation，and psychological stressors. These factors contribute to an elevated incidence of occupational health risks and potential career longevity limitations in aviation professionals. This study systematically reviews the common occupational health risks，epidemiological characteristics，influencing factors，and current health management protocols among civil aviation pilots，in order to provide useful references for occupational health prevention and control of civil aviation pilots，and better ensure pilot health and aviation safety.
Nurses' sense of career success is a core element in alleviating job burnout and stabilizing the nursing workforce. It is crucial for the individual development of nurses，the structural stability of teams，and the overall improvement of healthcare service quality. Current research predominantly focuses on the phenotypic characteristics of career success，lacking systematic exploration of its underlying driving mechanisms. Therefore，this paper systematically reviews assessment tools and core drivers of career success among nurses，revealing a three-dimensional structure of its intrinsic driving system：professional identity forms the value foundation，self-efficacy serves as the core driving force，and psychological resilience plays a regulatory role. The extrinsic driving system comprises two dimensions：physical environment support and humanistic environment support，which function synergistically. Based on this framework，a multi-dimensional intervention strategy encompassing the "individual-hospital-society-state" is proposed to help nurses enhance their sense of career success and mitigate job burnout，ultimately stabilize the nursing workforce and elevate the quality of clinical nursing services，and provide practical support for the steady development of the nursing profession.
Carbohydrate is one of the three essential nutrients of the human body，which provides more than half of the energy required for human life activities. Studies have shown that the quality of carbohydrates is more closely related to human health than the quantity of carbohydrates. Therefore，it is particularly important to comprehensively and accurately evaluate the quality of carbohydrates and choose high-quality carbohydrates for daily diet. As an assessment tool，carbohydrate quality index provides a basis for dietary prevention strategies of diseases and expands the ideas for related research in other disease fields. This paper introduces the basic situation of carbohydrate quality and carbohydrate quality index，summarizes the application of carbohydrate quality index in clinical diseases，briefly summarizes its role in disease prevention，analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of its application process，in order to provide reference for clinical medical staff to apply carbohydrate index in future research.
As the core workforce of the medical system，nurses persistently face multiple health threats including high-intensity work pressure，circadian rhythm disruption，and occupational exposure risks，manifesting a notable phenomenon of "health guardians losing their own health defenses". Optimizing nurse’ health-promotion behaviors holds dual significance for improving healthcare quality and stabilizing nursing human resources. In this context，the introduction of the "Proactive Health" concept offers a new pathway to address this dilemma. Breaking through the traditional "passive treatment" model，this philosophy advocates establishing a full-cycle health promotion loop of "prevention-intervention-maintenance" through three-dimensional coordination of early risk identification，behavioral intervention，and environmental support. From the perspective of proactive health，this paper reviews the definition，assessment tools，and influencing factors of nurses' health-promotion behaviors，while proposing corresponding intervention strategies. The findings aim to provide theoretical foundations and practical references for enhancing nurses' health status and stabilizing nursing workforce resources，carrying substantial practical significance for implementing the "Healthy China" strategy in healthcare fields.
津公网安备12010202000831号 津ICP备11005889号-6
